怀孕的妇女,在第一次的检查的时候,就应该筛查乙肝。如果确认是阳性的,出生的婴儿立即给免疫球蛋白然后接种疫苗。只要出生后婴儿及时接种疫苗,羊水穿刺,剖腹产,母乳喂养并不提高婴儿感染乙肝的几率。WHO推广Universal HBV vaccination of all new borns,台湾做得很好,他们的肝癌率已经开始明显下降。中国的情况还是不容乐观。
落花飘零2008-07-26 21:54:39回复悄悄话
xux,这个跟全民普及健康的意识很有关系,没有人去做,没有人去宣传,自然就不会得到执行。
punny, you are welcome.:)
appleflower, i guess the policy is really different, partly because the incidence might be different.
dadaland,其实没有健康携带者这个概念的,所有的携带者,都应该定期检查肝功能。best wish to your friend.
Hepatitis B virus is not spread by sharing eating utensils, breastfeeding, hugging, kissing, holding hands, coughing, or sneezing. Unlike hepatitis A, it is not spread routinely through food or water. However, there have been times hepatitis B has been spread to babies when they have received food pre-chewed by an infected person.
Not sure if the rules are the same in Canada and US. In Canada, physicians that are Hepatitis B carriers are only allowed to work in certain specialties that do not have contact with patients, such as pathology. Everyone here who is accepted in the medical school is given hepatitis B and C screening right away, and if found to be a carrier, the student will receive "modified training" and career counselling.
punny, you are welcome.:)
appleflower, i guess the policy is really different, partly because the incidence might be different.
dadaland,其实没有健康携带者这个概念的,所有的携带者,都应该定期检查肝功能。best wish to your friend.
你第二个帖子把自己的问题给解答了,呵呵。乙肝主要是通过血液传播,即使在体外,如果被血液污染的标本,也可生存7天,比HIV,HCV都厉害很多倍。我说的这些传播方式,都有很大的可能性被血液污染(针头,tatto,牙刷),所以都列为传染的途径。目前还没有证据表明其他的体液会传播乙肝。但是,很多1,2岁的孩子被发现在1-2岁的时候感染乙肝,他们都由亲密接触的家人感染,所以这个目前还在debating.
其本质还是血液传播。
"乙肝的传染方式包括母婴传播,输血,性交,皮肤接触(牙刷,剃须刀,tattoo,吸毒共用的针头),器官移植。"
皮肤接触也容易传播乙肝病毒吗? 那样将是非常可怕的。
另外,国内似乎有一大误区,那就是共用碗筷可能会传播乙肝病毒。
刚刚查了一下美国CDC:
http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/B/bFAQ.htm#bFAQ13
What are ways hepatitis B is not spread?
Hepatitis B virus is not spread by sharing eating utensils, breastfeeding, hugging, kissing, holding hands, coughing, or sneezing. Unlike hepatitis A, it is not spread routinely through food or water. However, there have been times hepatitis B has been spread to babies when they have received food pre-chewed by an infected person.
落花是否同意?
Not sure if the rules are the same in Canada and US. In Canada, physicians that are Hepatitis B carriers are only allowed to work in certain specialties that do not have contact with patients, such as pathology. Everyone here who is accepted in the medical school is given hepatitis B and C screening right away, and if found to be a carrier, the student will receive "modified training" and career counselling.
A dumb question. Why won't China vaccinate all new borns? Is it because of money or just politics?