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英语中的性别差异
1,英语人名的性别差异
英语人名中,男孩和女孩如果是同样的名字,但写法或读音是不一样的。
Blair(男孩)- Blaire(女孩)
Daniel(男孩)- Danielle(女孩)
Aaron(男孩)- Eron(女孩)
Michael(男孩)- Michelle(女孩)
Eric(男孩)- Erica(女孩)
Patrick (男孩)- Patricia(女孩)
John(男孩)- Joan(女孩)
George(男孩)- Georgia(女孩)
William(男孩)- Wilma(女孩)
Daniel(男孩)- Denise(女孩)
Donald(男孩)- Donna(女孩)
Dan(男孩)- Dana(女孩)
Christopher (男孩)- Christine,Christina(女孩)
Alexanda,Alex(男孩)- Alexandra(女孩)
Joseph(男孩)- Josephine(女孩)
Victor(男孩)- Victoria(女孩)
2,英语代名词的性别歧视
英语代名词中,很多名词如果是男士都有比较高级别的意思,而女士没有,或者是较低级别的意思。
bachelor – spinster
(单身男生,学士)-(单身女士,纺织女工)
master – mistress
(男主人,硕士)-(女主人,情妇)
wizard – witch
(巫师,奇才)-(女巫)
governor – governess
统治者 - 女家庭教师
3,女权运动与男女平等
近代英语中出现了大量原来只是用于男士的名词,用女性或中性名词代替。
history - herstory
fatherly - motherly
brotherly - sisterly
protector- protectress
policeman- policewoman
chairman - chairwoman
churchman-churchwoman
man-made - people-made
craftsman - craftspeople
actor - actress
waiter - waitress
alumnus - alumnae
heir - heiress
conductor - conductress
legislator - legislatress
baron - baroness
citizen - citizeness
murder - murderess
orator - oratress
monitor - monitress
tailor - tailoress
conductor - conductress
steward - stewardess
creator - creatress
ambassador - ambassadress
director - directress
4,动物界也讲性别平等
总称 雄性名称 雌性名称 小动物名称
chicken 鸡 cock rooster hen chick
duck 鸭 drake duck duckling
goose 鹅 gander goose gosling
horse 马 stallion mare foal
cattle 牛 bull cow calf
pig 猪 boar sow shat
dog 狗 dog bitch puppy
sheep 羊 ram ewe lamb
deer 鹿 stag doe fawn