佛卡恰面包（Focaccia）

Focaccia is related to pizza, but not considered to be the same.

Focaccia is quite popular in Italy and is usually seasoned with olive oil and sometimes herbs, and may be topped with onion, cheese and meat, or flavored with a number of vegetables. However, by far the most typical focaccia is simply baked dough topped with olive oil and a simple herb like rosemary or sage, and salted with coarse salt. It is very popular as a snack in Italy and school children will often purchase a slice from a baker on the way to school, to enjoy at break time.

In the late 19th century an Italian immigrant to the United Kingdom created a version of foccacia with a unique English twist. The local baker to Kings Clipstone, Nottinghamshire developed his version, known locally as Italian Lard Bread, using that staple ingredient of every Englishman's diet at that time in history, lard.

 
Homemade Focaccia with olives and herbsFocaccia doughs are similar in style and texture to pizza doughs, consisting of high-gluten flour, oil, water, salt and yeast. It is typically rolled out or pressed by hand into a thick layer of dough and then baked in a stone-bottom or hearth oven. Bakers often puncture the bread with a knife to relieve bubbling on the surface of the bread.

Also common is the practice of dotting the bread. This creates multiple wells in the bread by using a finger or the handle of a utensil to poke the unbaked dough. As a way to preserve moisture in the bread, olive oil is then spread over the dough, by hand or with a pastry brush prior to rising and baking. In the northern part of Italy, lard will sometimes be added to the dough, giving the focaccia a softer, slightly flakier texture. Focaccia recipes are widely available, and with the popularity of bread machines, many cookbooks now provide version of dough recipes that do not require hand kneading.

Focaccia can be used as a side to many meals, as a base for pizza, or as sandwich bread.

摘自allrecipes 网页

为了更好的做好这款意式面包，翻查过好几个网页的书，大同小异，各有千秋，我参考了书的配方，修改了用量，加上了从网页上用草本的材料，结果烤出来香到要晕的感觉，脆脆的外皮加上迷迭香、萝勒和蒜头香味，炒不可言/

材料：
A 高筋粉200克，水100-115克（依面粉的吸水性适量增减），盐1/4茶匙，面包机酵母3克（大半茶匙），细砂糖1茶匙，橄榄油6克（1+1/2茶匙）。
B 橄榄油适量（用来刷面包表面）、黑胡椒面少量、干萝勒叶1/4茶匙、干迷迭香1/4茶匙、蒜头4-5粒（不是以组计）。

数量：1

操作步骤：
一、用一碗装温水，加酵母和糖，搅拌均匀，歇3分钟左右，加放盐，搅几下，倒入面包机，再加入面粉，开机搅拌，等到第一次快速揉面Deep Depp声响，倒入橄榄油，再让机包机继续揉面，一直等到结束（包含面包机发酵时间），然后取出面团，搓几下去气泡，再滚圆，盖上薄膜纸，醒10分钟；
二、烤盆在末放面团时用橄榄油刷底部和四周，将面团放在烤盘或四方（长方）盆，形状没严格规定，可以灵活些，这款是扁平面包，方的圆的都可以，用手将面向烤盆的四角抻齐，刷上橄榄油，再用手指在表面压出许多个凹洞，不用穿到底，撒一层黑胡椒面和盐；
三、撒上干迷迭香叶和干萝勒叶。将蒜头切成片状。末发酵时面团似乎挺薄的，但一旦发酵起来，就变得厚厚的了。
四、然后在温暖的环境中进行最后发酵30分钟左右，烤盆无盖，用薄膜盖好；
五、发酵好后用小剪刀在面团表面有间隔地剪小口，插入蒜片，放入预热好的烤箱，400F15-18分钟左右（要视面团的厚薄和大小来确定温度），烤10分钟左右，转动烤盆180° ，到烤到面包浅黄色时，拿出来，用刷子绕过插着的蒜片刷一层橄榄油，再放入烤箱，烤至金黄色；
六、烤好取出放凉，用刀轻轻趟下盆的四周，面包很容易脱盆。





成品：



看，脱盆后依然十分完整。那个真叫香哦。





此款包面是外脆内软，香气十足，领导用来就着比萨酱意粉吃，蘸着比萨酱汁，有滋有味儿的。

小小实践心得：
一、查过书和网上资料，找出好几款这类型的面包，有的在面包表面，有的放黑橄榄、洋葱、牛至，也有的放某些蔬菜。
二、看网上一VIDEO，在烤到浅黄色时再刷一层橄榄油，本人也就照做了，成色还不错。

初次实验，不周之处，敬请包涵。谢谢大家！