德53国民调 全球美国大失民心，中国受欢迎持续上升

德机构53国民调：全球范围内，美国大失民心，中国受欢迎程度持续上升

观察者网 2024 5月8日

（文/观察者网 齐倩）5月8日，德国民调机构拉塔纳调查公司发布“2024年民主感知指数”报告。报告发现，美国在本轮巴以冲突中对于以色列的顽固支持严重损害了其声望，导致美国在中东、北非以及欧洲等地区的受欢迎程度急剧下降。相较之下，各地区国家对中国的正面看法正持续增长。

据美国政治新闻网欧洲版“Politico EU”报道，拉塔纳调查公司对来自53个国家的约6.3万名受访者进行调查，于当日发布“2024年民主感知指数”，总结了国际社会对于民主、地缘政治和全球大国的态度。

自2023年初以来，美国的国际声誉受到了打击，全球受欢迎程度在过去一年下降了五个百分点。该指数显示，美国政府在加沙战争中对以色列的坚定支持遭到了穆斯林占多数国家的强烈反对。

更为重要的是，欧洲国家也加入了不欢迎美国的阵营，对美国持正面看法的受访者比例从2023年的18%下降至2024年的10%，在受调查地区中位列最后一名。

民调显示，美国在全球受欢迎程度近两年急剧下降。图自拉塔纳调查公司

拉塔纳调查公司的高级研究员弗雷德里克·德沃进一步分析说：“自拜登政府执政以来，许多西欧国家对美国的看法首次恢复为净负面。德国、奥地利、爱尔兰、比利时和瑞士等国家对美国态度从负面到正面再到负面的忽升忽降尤其明显。”

与此同时，亚洲、北非、中东和拉丁美洲等地区国家对中国的正面看法在过去一年持续增长。即使在欧洲，受访者对于中国的正面态度也开始逐步恢复。其中，在穆斯林占多数的北非、中东国家，对中国持正面看法的受访者比例从2023年的19%上升至至2024年的30%。

此外，全球受访者对于俄罗斯的态度同样出现正面增长趋势。报告认为，俄乌冲突爆发之初，俄罗斯在全球范围内获得了压倒性的负面印象；但现在，在除欧洲外的多数受访地区，俄罗斯的形象似乎开始恢复。

“尽管美国在全球舞台上总体上仍被认为是老大，但在曾经坚定挺美的西欧盟国内部，民众对美国的态度开始出现裂痕，”Politico EU最后总结道，同时，“俄罗斯和中国在其他地区越来越受欢迎”。

自去年10月7日以来，本轮巴以冲突已经导致加沙地带超3.4万人死亡，超百万人被迫流离失所。就在加沙人道主义局势急剧恶化之际，以色列执意要大举进攻正容纳约140万平民避难的加沙南部城市拉法。

目前，一直顽固挺以并提供军援的拜登政府面临来自国内外的巨大舆论压力。

据英国《独立报》报道，3月27日公布的盖洛普民调显示，约55%的美国人不赞成以色列继续进攻被围困的加沙地带，36%的人赞成。报道指出，这是民调首次发现多数美国人不支持这场战争，与去年11月的调查结果相比发生重大转变，那时大多数人都表示支持。

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新报告称美国在全球范围内的受欢迎程度下降

https://www.politico.eu/article/america-popularity-waning-worldwide- Russia-and-china-gain-on-us-global-stage/

作者：Lucia Mackenzie 和 Giovanna Coi 2024 年 5 月 8 日

华盛顿对以色列加沙战争的坚定支持可能会损害其受欢迎程度。

自 2023 年初以来，美国的国际声誉受到打击，尤其是在穆斯林国家。 | 侯赛因·贝里斯/法新社/盖蒂图片社

根据周三发布的 2024 年民主感知指数，美国作为全球大国的受欢迎程度正在世界范围内下降，特别是在穆斯林占多数的国家。

该指数对来自 53 个国家的约 63,000 名受访者进行了调查，总结了人们对民主、地缘政治和全球权力参与者的态度。

自 2023 年初以来，美国的国际声誉受到打击，尤其是在穆斯林国家，华盛顿对以色列加沙战争的坚定支持已被证明在这些国家造成了严重的分歧。

现在，欧洲也加入了这一趋势。 “自拜登政府上台以来，许多西欧国家首次恢复对美国的净负面看法。这种从消极态度到积极态度（又）又回到消极态度的上升和下降在德国、奥地利尤其明显 、爱尔兰、比利时和瑞士，”编制该指数的拉塔纳调查公司高级研究员 Frederick DeVeaux 表示。

与此同时，尽管欧洲仍持怀疑态度，但亚洲、北非、中东和拉丁美洲对中国的正面看法持续增长，使全球对北京的看法达到净正面。

俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京(Vladimir Putin)全面入侵乌克兰后，在全球范围内与压倒性的负面看法作斗争，在除欧洲外的大多数接受调查的地区，俄罗斯似乎也走上了形象重塑之路。

弗雷德里克·德沃克斯 (Frederick DeVeaux) 表示：“自拜登政府上台以来，许多西欧国家首次恢复对美国的负面看法。” Michal Cizek/法新社，盖蒂图片社

美国的受欢迎程度摇摇欲坠，加上俄罗斯和中国的排名有所提高，意味着在大多数接受调查的中东、北非和亚洲国家中，后者现在被视为与美国一样积极。

该指数所表达的态度不仅仅是一场全球人气竞赛，还可以影响各国政府阻止或应对全球大国侵略的能力。 例如，在德国，2022 年 2 月莫斯科袭击乌克兰后，国内对能源价格上涨的不满情绪引发了对俄罗斯石油出口上限的抗议和反对。

当调查受访者被问及他们的国家是否应该因俄罗斯入侵乌克兰而切断与俄罗斯的经济联系，以及如果中国入侵台湾时他们是否也应该这样做时，全球南北之间出现了分歧。

从2022年和2024年的结果比较来看，态度似乎有所软化。在之前的调查中，31个国家的受访者支持切断与俄罗斯的经济联系，而不是反对； 现在这个数字是23。

此外，除了少数例外，大多数国家支持切断经济联系的人数已经减少。

尽管就公众而言，美国在全球舞台上仍然占据主导地位，但曾经坚定的西欧盟友的民众内部开始出现裂痕，而俄罗斯和中国在其他地区也越来越受欢迎。

本文使用的数据来自拉塔纳研究公司和非营利民主国家联盟在 53 个国家进行的年度在线调查。 2022年的数据是在3月30日至5月10日期间收集的； 样本数量为 52,785，平均每个国家约 1,000 个。 2023年的数据是在2月7日至3月27日期间收集的； 样本数量为 53,970，平均每个国家约 1,000 个。 2024年的数据是在2月20日至4月15日期间收集的； 样本数量为 62,953 人，平均每个国家有 1,200 名受访者。 具有全国代表性的结果是根据每个国家人口的年龄、性别和教育程度的官方分布计算的，但在人口与互联网联系较少的国家，样本的受教育程度更高，也比总体平均水平更年轻。

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2024 年民主感知指数

https://www.allianceofdemocracies.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/DPI-2024.pdf

世界上最大的关于人们如何看待民主的年度研究

欢迎

民主感知指数 (DPI) 是世界上最大的关于人们如何看待民主的年度研究，由拉塔纳与民主国家联盟合作进行。 2024 年版本对地缘政治紧张局势和暴力冲突加剧时期全球对民主的态度进行了前所未有的比较。 结果基于 2024 年 2 月 20 日至 4 月 15 日期间对来自 53 个国家的超过 62,953 名受访者进行的全国代表性访谈。

DPI 在 2024 年哥本哈根民主峰会之前发布，以支持关于全球民主状况的讨论

Nico Jaspers 博士 Latana 首席执行官 © 2024 Latana

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我们的愿景是引领新一代研究技术的发展，使我们能够更好地了解世界各地人们的需求、愿望和偏好。

Latana 是一款人工智能驱动的品牌跟踪解决方案，它利用关键洞察来帮助公司跟踪其品牌和营销活动绩效。 作为品牌跟踪服务的国际市场领导者，Latana 还利用其技术来了解世界各地人们意见背后的潜在力量。

我们很自豪能够开创先进的机器学习技术，并惠及全球数十亿消费者。 这使我们能够快速了解消费者感知，从而预测消费者行为——品牌价值的基石。

前言

2024年民主感知指数在2024年哥本哈根民主峰会之前发布，以支持对全球民主状况的讨论。

民主国家联盟基金会主席、前北约秘书长、丹麦首相安德斯·福格·拉斯穆森表示

世界各地的人们都希望生活在民主制度下，但这些数字给所有民主政府敲响了警钟。 捍卫民主意味着在世界各地推进自由，但也意味着倾听国内选民的担忧。

这一趋势表明，我们面临着将南半球输给独裁政权的风险。 我们正在目睹从中国到俄罗斯再到伊朗的独裁轴心的形成。 我们现在必须采取行动，让自由比独裁更具吸引力，并通过民主国家联盟团结起来，反击胆大妄为的独裁者。

Latana 首席执行官 Nico Jaspers 博士表示

战争和暴力冲突被视为世界上最大的挑战，其次是贫困和气候变化。 令人鼓舞的是，人们对民主理念的信心空前高涨，但如果民主国家无法帮助解决世界挑战，那么对民主的支持受到影响只是时间问题。

执行摘要
民主感知指数（DPI）旨在了解世界各地的人们如何看待自己国家当今的民主状况以及未来的主要挑战。 这是关于人们对民主看法的最大规模的年度研究，涵盖 53 个国家，占世界人口的 75% 以上。
过去六年，全球对民主的信心依然很高，85% 的人表示，在自己的国家实行民主很重要。 然而，人们认为政府并没有达到其公民的民主期望：在我们调查的人中，只有略多于一半的人对其国家的民主状况感到满意（58%）。 这种不满不仅限于非民主国家，在美国、欧洲等具有悠久民主传统的国家也很普遍。

世界上大约一半的人，无论是民主国家还是非民主国家，都认为他们的政府只是为了一小部分人的利益而行事。 过去四年来，这种看法在拉丁美洲保持最高，在亚洲最低，自 2020 年以来在欧洲稳步上升，尤其是在德国。

以色列、乌克兰和俄罗斯都经历了“团结在旗帜周围”效应，在各自的冲突开始后，公众对政府行事符合大多数人民利益的看法迅速增加。 然而在乌克兰，这种看法在 2022 年达到顶峰后急剧下降。

民主国家

经济不平等连续第三年被认为是全球民主的头号威胁（68%），其次是腐败（67%）和跨国公司的影响（60%）。

当谈到社交媒体平台及其对民主的影响时，人们存在分歧：在欧洲和北美，绝大多数人认为社交媒体平台对民主具有负面或混合的影响。 在大多数

然而，在其他国家，人们的看法更为积极。

对民主的威胁

战争和暴力冲突越来越被视为最重要的全球挑战，其次是贫困和饥饿以及气候变化。 去年，全球认为移民和恐怖主义是世界最大挑战的人数有所增加，尤其是欧洲人。

在国家层面，大多数人希望政府更多地关注减贫、腐败和经济增长。 然而，优先事项存在很大的地区差异：

欧洲人和美国人更有可能希望他们的政府优先考虑改善医疗保健、应对气候变化和减少移民，而亚洲和拉丁美洲国家则认为打击腐败和促进增长更为重要。

过去两年，许多欧洲国家认为“减少移民”应该成为政府首要任务的人数比例急剧上升。 与此同时，这些国家优先考虑“应对气候变化”的愿望有所下降。 这种逆转在德国最为引人注目，目前德国希望政府重点关注减少移民的人数比例最高（44%）——位居所有其他优先事项之首——这一比例目前居世界首位，而现在这一比例几乎是应对气候变化的两倍 (24%)。

尽管世界上 33% 的人表示气候变化是世界三大挑战之一，但只有 14% 的人表示应对气候变化应成为政府的三大优先事项之一。

即使在制裁三年之后，欧洲和美国仍然高度支持因俄罗斯入侵乌克兰而与俄罗斯断绝经济关系。 但在世界其他地方，大多数人更喜欢保持联系。

当被问及如果中国入侵台湾是否会切断与中国的经济联系时，世界也分为西方和其他国家。 西方民主国家的人们普遍赞成在中国遭受入侵时切断与中国的关系。 其中包括中国几个最大的贸易伙伴：美国、日本和德国。 然而，大多数其他国家更愿意
保持联系。

过去两年，世界上大多数国家，特别是南半球国家和穆斯林占多数的国家，态度更多地转向与俄罗斯和中国保持而不是切断关系。

尽管过去两年北约向乌克兰提供了大量援助，但全球三分之一（34%）的人口仍然表示为乌克兰提供的援助“太少”，大约一半的人表示援助是“适量” (46%)。 一小部分人（19%）表示为援助乌克兰“做得太多”。

然而，认为为乌克兰提供的援助“太少”的感觉正在下降，而认为援助“太多”的比例虽小但在增加。 这种“援助疲劳”现象在德国尤其普遍，目前有很多人（40%）表示为乌克兰提供了“太多”帮助——在所有接受调查的国家中排名最高——紧随其后的是中国（37%） ）、奥地利（37%）和匈牙利（31%）。

地缘政治
几乎所有接受调查的国家的人们都对欧盟、联合国和美国持正面看法，对俄罗斯持负面看法。

对于中国的看法，世界存在分歧：西方民主国家，特别是美国、欧洲国家、澳大利亚、日本和韩国对中国持负面看法，而世界其他国家则持积极看法。

对俄罗斯和中国的态度表明，北半球国家的消极看法与南半球国家的积极看法之间存在明显的意见分歧。 从 2022 年到 2024 年，人们对俄罗斯和中国的看法稳步变得更加积极，特别是在全球经济中，从而进一步分裂全球舆论。

2023 年春季至 2024 年春季，美国的声誉在全球范围内受到损害。在接受调查的穆斯林占多数的国家（印度尼西亚、马来西亚、土耳其、摩洛哥、埃及和阿尔及利亚），人们对美国的积极态度下降尤为明显。 以及许多欧洲国家（瑞士、爱尔兰、乌克兰和德国）。

大多数国家仍认为美国对全球民主具有积极影响

世界各地，特别是拉丁美洲、亚洲以及波兰和乌克兰等几个东欧国家。 然而，美国对全球民主的影响在西欧国家更为严重，这些国家的态度褒贬不一，甚至略显消极。 在过去的四年里，从2020年到2024年，人们对美国全球影响力的看法变得更加积极——在2022年或2023年达到顶峰——然后在2024年急剧下降。

US popularity shrinks worldwide, new report says

https://www.politico.eu/article/america-popularity-waning-worldwide-russia-and-china-gain-on-us-global-stage/

By Lucia Mackenzie and Giovanna Coi May 8, 2024 

Washington's staunch backing for Israel's war in Gaza likely hurt its popularity.

America's international reputation has taken a hit since early 2023, particularly in Muslim countries. | Hossein Beris/ AFP via Getty Images

America's popularity as a global power is waning worldwide, particularly in Muslim-majority countries, according to the 2024 Democracy Perception Index published Wednesday.

Canvassing some 63,000 respondents across 53 countries, the index summarizes attitudes toward democracy, geopolitics and global power players.

America's international reputation has taken a hit since early 2023, particularly in Muslim countries where Washington's unwavering support of Israel in its war in Gaza has proven intensely divisive.

Now, Europe is joining the trend. “For the first time since the start of the Biden administration, many Western European countries have returned to net negative perceptions of the U.S. This rise and decline, from negative attitudes to positive [and] back to negative attitudes is particularly stark in Germany, Austria, Ireland, Belgium and Switzerland,” said Frederick DeVeaux, senior researcher for the Latana survey company that compiled the index.

Meanwhile, positive perceptions of China in Asia, North Africa, the Middle East and Latin America continue to grow, bringing the global perception of Beijing to a net positive, despite continued European skepticism.

Russia, battling overwhelmingly negative perceptions across the globe in the initial aftermath of President Vladimir Putin’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, also appears to be on the path to image rehabilitation in most regions surveyed, with the exception of Europe.

“For the first time since the start of the Biden administration, many Western European countries have returned to net negative perceptions of the U.S.,” said Frederick DeVeaux, | Michal Cizek/AFP via Getty Images

America's faltering popularity, combined with Russia and China’s improved standings, means the latter are now viewed as positively as the U.S. in most Middle Eastern, North African and Asian countries surveyed.

More than a mere global popularity contest, the attitudes expressed in the index can affect the ability of governments to deter or react to aggression by global powers. In Germany, for instance, domestic discontent connected to rising energy prices fueled protests and opposition to export caps on Russian oil following Moscow's February 2022 assault on Ukraine.

A divide between the global north and south emerged when survey respondents were asked if they thought their country should cut economic ties with Russia over its invasion of Ukraine, and whether they should do the same if China invaded Taiwan.

Attitudes seem to have softened, judging from a comparison of the results from 2022 and 2024. In the earlier survey, more respondents supported cutting economic ties with Russia than opposed it in 31 countries; the number is now 23.

Moreover, with a few exceptions, the majority in favor of cutting economic ties has shrunk in most countries.

While the U.S. broadly remains the top dog as far as the public are concerned on the global stage, cracks are beginning to show within the populations of once-staunch Western European allies, while Russia and China are gaining popularity in other regions.

The data used in this piece came from an annual online survey across 53 countries conducted by the Latana research company and the Alliance of Democracies non-profit. In 2022 the data was collected between March 30 and May 10; the sample was 52,785, averaging around 1,000 in each country. In 2023 the data was collected between Feb. 7 and March 27; the sample was 53,970, averaging around 1,000 per country. The 2024 data was collected between Feb. 20 and April 15; the sample was 62,953 and averaged 1,200 respondents per country. Nationally representative results were calculated based on the official distribution of age, gender and education in each country’s population, but in countries whose populations are less connected to the internet, the sample was more educated and younger than the overall average.

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Democracy Perception Index 2024

https://www.allianceofdemocracies.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/DPI-2024.pdf

The world's largest annual study on how people perceive democracy

Welcome

The Democracy Perception Index (DPI) is the world’s largest annual study on how people perceive democracy, conducted by Latana in collaboration with the Alliance of Democracies. The 2024 edition offers an unprecedented comparison of global attitudes towards democracy during a time of rising geopolitical tensions and violent conflicts. Results are based on nationally representative interviews with over 62,953 respondents from 53 countries conducted between February 20th and April 15th, 2024.

The DPI was published ahead of the 2024 Copenhagen Democracy Summit to support the discussion on the global state of democracy

Dr. Nico Jaspers CEO at Latana

© 2024 Latana

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Foreword

The Democracy Perception Index 2024 was published ahead of the 2024 Copenhagen Democracy Summit to support the discussion on the global state of democracy.

Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Chair of the Alliance of Democracies Foundation, former NATO Chief, and Danish Prime Minister says

Around the world people want to live under democracy but these figures are a wake-up call for all democratic governments. Defending democracy means advancing freedom around the world, but it also means listening to voters’ concerns at home.

The trend shows we risk losing the Global South to the autocracies. We are witnessing an axis of autocracies forming from China to Russia to Iran. We must act now to make freedom more attractive than dictatorship and unite through an alliance of democracies to push back against the emboldened autocrats.

Dr. Nico Jaspers, CEO at Latana says

War and violent conflict is seen as the world's biggest challenge, followed by poverty and climate change. It is encouraging to see that people's belief in the idea of democracy is at an all-time high, but if democratic countries are unable to help solve the world's challenges, then it will be only a matter of time until support for democracy will suffer. 

Executive Summary

Executive Summary

The Democracy Perception Index (DPI) aims to understand how people around the world perceive the state of democracy in their country today and the major challenges that lie ahead. It is the largest annual study on people’s perception of democracy,
spanning 53 countries that represent over 75% of the world’s population.
Faith in democracy has remained high across the globe over the past six years, with 85% saying
that it’s important to have democracy in their country. Governments, however, are not seen to be
living up to the democratic expectations of their citizens: only a little more than half of the people
that we polled are satisfied with the state of democracy in their country (58%). The dissatisfaction is
not limited to non-democratic countries, but is also very prevalent in the US, Europe and in other
countries with a long democratic tradition. 

About half of the people around the world, in both democratic and non-democratic countries, feel
that their government is acting only in the interest of a small group of people. Over the past four
years, this perception has remained highest in Latin America, lowest in Asia and has steadily
increased in Europe since 2020 – particularly in Germany. 

Israel, Ukraine and Russia have all experienced a “rally around the flag” effect, with public
perception that the government is acting in the interest of the majority of the people increasing
rapidly after the start of their respective conflicts. In Ukraine, however, this perception declined
sharply after it peaked in 2022. 

State of Democracy

For the third year in a row, economic inequality is still perceived to be the number one threat to
democracy worldwide (68%), followed by corruption (67%) and the influence of global corporations
(60%). 

When it comes to social media platforms and their impact on democracy, people are divided: in
Europe and North America, a large majority of people view social media platforms as having a
negative or mixed impact on democracy. In most other countries, however, people have a more
positive view.

Threats to Democracy

War and violent conflict is increasingly seen as the most important global challenge, followed by
poverty and hunger, and climate change. The last year has seen a global rise in the share of people
who say that migration and terrorism are among the world’s largest challenges, particularly among
Europeans. 

At the national level, most people want their governments to focus more on poverty reduction,
corruption and economic growth. However there are strong regional differences in priorities:
Europeans and Americans are much more likely to want their government to prioritize improving
healthcare, fighting climate change, and reducing immigration than countries in Asia and Latin
America, where fighting corruption and promoting growth are seen as more important. 

Over the past two years, many European countries have seen a sharp rise in the share of people
who say that “reducing immigration” should be a top government priority. At the same time, the
desire to prioritize “fighting climate change” has decreased in these same countries. Nowhere is this
reversal more striking than in Germany, which now leads the world with the highest share of people
who want their government to focus on reducing immigration (44%) – topping all other priorities –
and now nearly twice as high as fighting climate change (24%). 

Despite 33% of the world saying that climate change is one of the world’s top three biggest
challenges, only 14% of people say fighting climate change should be among the top-three priorities
for their government. 

Support for cutting economic ties with Russia over its invasion of Ukraine remains high in Europe
and the United States even after three years of sanctions. But in the rest of the world most people
prefer keeping ties. 

When asked about cutting economic ties with China if it were to invade Taiwan, the world is also
divided between the West and the rest. People in western democracies are generally in favor of
cutting ties with China in the event of an invasion. This includes several of China’s largest trading
partners: the United States, Japan and Germany. Most other countries, however, would prefer to
keep ties. 

Over the past two years, attitudes have shifted more in the direction of keeping, rather than cutting
ties, with both Russia and China in most countries around the world, particularly in the Global South
and in muslim-majority countries. 

Despite heavy NATO assistance to Ukraine over the past two years, one third (34%) of the global
population still says that “too little” has been done to assist Ukraine, and roughly half say that the
assistance has been the “right amount” (46%). A much smaller share (19%) says that “too much”
has been done to assist Ukraine. 

However, the sense that “too little” has been done to help Ukraine is declining, while the share who
say that “too much” has been done is small but growing. This “aid fatigue” is particularly prevalent
in Germany, which now has a plurality of people (40%) who say that “too much” has been done to
help Ukraine – the highest in all countries surveyed – followed closely by China (37%), Austria (37%)
and Hungary (31%). 

Geopolitics
People in almost all countries surveyed have positive perceptions of the European Union, the United
Nations and the United States, and negative perceptions of Russia. 

When it comes to perceptions of China, the world is divided: western democracies, particularly the
United States, European countries, Australia, Japan and South Korea, have negative views of China,
while the rest of the world has positive views. 

Attitudes towards Russia and China reveal a stark divide in opinion between the negative
perceptions in the Global North and positive perceptions in the Global South. From 2022 to 2024,
perceptions of both Russia and China have steadily become more positive, particularly in the Global
South, thus further dividing global public opinion. 

The United States’s reputation has suffered globally between the Spring of 2023 and the Spring of
2024. This drop in positive attitudes towards the US is particularly stark in the muslim-majority
countries surveyed (Indonesia, Malaysia, Turkey, Morocco, Egypt, and Algeria) as well as many
European countries (Switzerland, Ireland, Ukraine and Germany). 

The United States is still seen as having a positive influence on global democracy by most countries
around the world, particularly in Latin America, Asia and several Eastern European countries such
as Poland and Ukraine. The US’s impact on global democracy is seen more critically in Western
European countries, however, where attitudes are mixed or even slightly negative. Over the past four
years, from 2020 to 2024, perceptions of the US's global influence became more positive – peaking
in 2022 or 2023 – and then declined sharply in 2024.

Methodology

Overview

This report presents an overview of a study conducted by Latana and the Alliance of Democracies in the spring of 2024, between
February 20th and April 15th. The sample of n=62,953 online-connected respondents was drawn across 53 countries, with an
average sample size of around 1,200 respondents per country. Nationally representative results were calculated based on the
official distribution of age, gender, and education for each country’s population, sourced from the most recent and available data
from Barro Lee & UNStat, and census.gov. The average margin of error across all countries sampled is (+/-) 2.9 percentage points. 

How the DPI Categorizes Democracies

In order to compare public opinion results between more democratic countries and less democratic countries, the DPI uses the
2024 categories from Freedom House to create two groups:

"Free" - the most democratic countries, labeled as "Free" by Freedom House.

"Less Free" - countries labeled as "Partly Free" or "Not Free" by Freedom House.

Free Speech

In some countries surveyed, the government plays an active role in shaping public opinion and/or has policies in place that restrict
freedom of speech around certain topics. This can have a strong influence on the survey results.
Summary Tables

Here are the full summary tables of the results used in this report: (DPI 2024 - Topline Results)
Data Collection 

Latana’s surveys are conducted online through internet-connected devices, such as smartphones, tablets, and computers. Latana
follows an open recruitment approach that leverages the reach of over 40,000 third-party apps and mobile websites. To ensure
coverage across different demographic groups and geographical regions, Latana targets a highly diverse set of apps and websites
– from news to shopping, to sports and games. As a result, Latana generates up to 21 million answers every month from
respondents living in as many as 100 different countries.

Data Privacy and Anonymity

Once a user opts in to complete a survey, Latana informs the respondent about the nature of the questionnaire and explains that
all answers – including the generic demographics that are part of the targeting and quality assurance process – are recorded
anonymously. To ensure respondent privacy and high-quality response data, Latana does not collect any personally identifiable
information (PII) on users. In contrast to surveys conducted face-to-face or by telephone, the anonymity offered by Latana’s
methodology may help reduce response bias, interviewer bias, and respondent self-censorship.
For more information, please contact:

Fred DeVeaux

Senior Researcher at Latana

[e-mail]

Methodology
Democr