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成诗的脉络 - 里尔克“拉撒路的复活”

(2022-03-26 12:52:23) 下一个

诗人里尔克旅行的时候,圣经是他随身带的两本书之一。他的一些诗直接取材于圣经,这就提供了一个了解他如何写诗的入口,这里做个尝试:对照圣经译诗,以寻求诗人成诗的脉络。他的这首“拉撒路的复活“/The Raising of Lazarus出自圣经新约”约翰福音“11章,故事略节:“伯大尼城,有个病人叫拉撒路,马利亚和她姐姐马大住在那里…… 两姐妹给耶稣捎信说∶主,您亲爱的朋友拉撒路病了。”…… 耶稣到来时,发现拉撒路已经下葬四天了…… 马大对耶稣说∶主,您若早点来,我的兄弟就不会死了。 ”……耶稣对她说∶你兄弟会活过来的…..我就是复活,我就是生命,信仰我的人,死了也将会再生”…… 马利亚来到耶稣那里......扑倒在他面前,对他说∶主,如果您早些来,我兄弟就不会死了。” 耶稣看到她和那些与她一起来的犹太人都痛哭着,便被深深地打动了,非常悲伤,他问道∶你们把他安葬在哪里了?他们告诉他∶主,请您过来看。耶稣也禁不住地哭了……他来到墓地,坟墓是一个洞穴,用一块石头封住了洞口。 耶稣说∶把石头移开。死者的姐姐马大说∶主,现在墓里会有恶臭,因为已经四天了。”……耶稣抬头说道∶父,感谢您,因为您已经听到了我,我知道您总是垂听我,我这样说,是为了周围站着的这许多人,以便让他们相信是您派遣我来的。” 说完,耶稣高声喊道∶拉撒路,出来吧。” 死人果然出来了,手脚上都裹着布,脸上还包着一块布。“ 整首诗只用了一段(英文附后),诗人用想象填充了耶稣从走到墓地到命令拉撒路复活之间的时间段,主题似乎是人的不容易信(符合路加福音18:8:When the Son of Man comes, will he find faith on the earth? 人子来的时候遇得见世上有信吗)和耶稣的怜悯。

**另文学城网友cxyz以专业水平翻译了大量里尔克的诗,喜欢读里尔克的请见 https://blog.wenxuecity.com/myblog/68411/127458.html。 

人要对大多数耐心

他们所求就像喊叫-

马大,和马利亚-他曾梦想

她们会满足于看见

他能。但没一个灵魂信他:

主啊,你来晚了,人们说。

向着所赐平安,即使令他哀伤

他开始做那不被允许的。

身体炙热,半目含愠

他悲伤地问,墓地在哪?

人们簇拥在他后面,好奇地

发现他似乎在流泪。

他走去墓时,整件事似乎怪异如

孩子气的,吓人的实验:

他突然心忧如焚

无所不包的争论

和他们的生死做对,他们所有的别离

全是自我造就,

他全身因那拒绝而颤抖

高声喊道把石头移开

有人回说那尸定是臭了

(已葬四天)-但他

巍然而立, 目不转睛地

举起手,那如此费力地

举起的手 (未曾有手

如此慢地举起,如此无法测度),

直到它停下,闪耀在一片愁云中。

它慢慢地,蜷起五指:

如果所有死去的都被吸引

上来,通过坟茔的管道,

那苍白如蛹般的物体

从一直沉睡的地方开始扭动?-

但它是独自站着的(没别的回应),

人们看到那模糊,无法分辨的

生命在迫求归属。

One had to bear with the majority -

what they wanted was a sign that screamed:

Martha, though, and Mary -he had dreamed

they would be contented just to see

that he could. But not a soul believed him:

‘Lord, you’ve come too late,’ said all the crowd.

So to peaceful Nature, though it grieved him,

on he went to do the unallowed.

Asked them, eyes half-shut, his body glowing

with anger, ‘Where’s the grave?’ Tormentedly.

And to them it seemed his tears were flowing,

as they thronged behind him, curiously.

As he walked, the thing seemed monstrous to him,

childish, horrible experiment:

then there suddenly went flaming through him

such an all-consuming argument

against their life, their death, their whole collection

of separations made by them alone,

all his body quivered with rejection

as he gave out hoarsely ‘Raise the stone’.

Someone shouted that the corpse was stinking

(buried now four days ago) - but He

stood erect, brim-full of that unblinking,

mounting gesture, that so painfully

lifted up his hand (no hand was ever

raised so slowly, so immeasurably),

till it stood there, shining in the gloom.

There it slowly, clawingly contracted:

what if all the dead should be attracted

upwards, through that syphon of a tomb,

where a pallid chrysalides thing

was writhing up from where it had been lying?-

But it stood alone (no more replying),

and they saw vague, unidentifying

Life compelled to give it harbouring.

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梅华书香 回复 悄悄话 真好啊,感谢分享了!!
EuphoriaF 回复 悄悄话 回复 'cxyz' 的评论 : ????????同粉里尔克,还不及你痴迷。。。对他将生命全然专注于艺术达到的心灵状态感兴趣,会译完他关于圣经的几首诗。他的大部分诗就去你那读啦????
cxyz 回复 悄悄话 另外,谢谢你的推荐 :)
cxyz 回复 悄悄话 这首我没有读过。对圣经不熟悉,没有你的前提注解看不明白。
问好,觉得文学城好像就喂们两个里尔克粉? 不知道能不能称你是粉,我是粉 :)
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