FANNIE AND FREDDIE, GUARANTEED OR NOT
China holds hundreds of billions of dollars in debt issued by FannieMae and Freddie Mac, the housing agencies known as Government SponsoredEntities, or GSEs.
Like many other investors, it purchased agency debt before thecrisis with the expectation that Fannie and Freddie were implicitlybacked by the U.S. government.
In September 2008, when the Treasury Department took control ofthe two GSEs, SAFE officials grew alarmed, the cables show. Suggestionsthat senior GSE debt holders would have to take a haircut sparked apublic outcry in China. The media warned that the government's currencymanager faced monstrous losses similar to those suffered earlier by thenation's sovereign wealth fund, China Investment Corp., after itsinvestments in U.S. financial institutions blew up.
Media outlets had already heavily criticized the government forCIC's losses -- a Financial Times story circulated by outlets such asChina Daily speculated that CIC had lost $80 billion of thegovernment's foreign reserves. In late 2008 Chinese newspapersroutinely ran headlines with the words "Fannie Mae" and "Freddie Mac"spelled out in English.
To defuse the situation, the Treasury Department sentUndersecretary for International Affairs David McCormick to Beijing fortwo days in October 2008. The gesture went over well.
"All of Undersecretary McCormick's counterparts appeared toappreciate his willingness to come to Beijing in the midst of afinancial crisis," Piccuta wrote in a cable dated October 29, 2008."Interlocutors stressed that unless leaders' concerns about theviability of banks and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) areassuaged, lower-level officials will be constrained from taking ongreater counter-party risks."
The cables show McCormick trying to reassure the Chinese. "Ineach meeting, Undersecretary McCormick emphasized that even though theU.S. government did not explicitly guarantee GSE debt, it effectivelydid so by committing to inject up to $100 billion of equity in eachinstitution to avoid insolvency and that this contractual commitmentwould remain for the life of these institutions," Piccuta wrote.
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