酒精中毒与酒精戒断Alcohol intoxication and Alcohol Withdrawal

酒精中毒Alcohol intoxication

A. Recent ingestion of alcohol.
近期有饮酒
B. Clinically significant maladaptive behavioural or psychological changes (e.g., inappropriate sexual or aggressive behavior, mood lability, impaired judgment, impaired social or occupational functioning) that developed during, or shortly after, alcohol ingestion.
临床表现为显著的行为和精神失常(比如:不合适的性或攻击行为,情绪不稳,判断能力失常,社交或工作能力失常),这些现象发生发展在饮酒或饮酒后的短时间内.

C. One (or more) of the following signs, developing during, or shortly after, alcohol use:
以下一项或多项发生在饮酒时,或饮酒后的短期内.
(1)slurred speech
言词不清
(2) incoordiantion
动作失调
(3)unsteady gait
步态不稳
(4) nystagmus
眼球震颤
(5) impairment in attention or memory
注意力或记忆力失常
(6) stupor or coma
昏迷,不醒人事

D. The symptoms are not due to a general medical condition and are not better accounted for by another mental disorder.
以上症状不是由其他全身性疾病引起,也不符合其他精神疾病的诊断


酒精戒断Alcohol withdrawal

A. Cessation of (or reduction in) alcohol use that has been heavy and prolonged.
长期大量地饮酒后停止使用或减量

B. Two (or more) of the following, developing with several hours to a few days after Criterion A:
以上两种或以上现象发生在停止或减量使用酒精的几小时或数天内:

(1) autonomic hyperactivity (e.g., seating or pulse rate greater than 100)
自主神经活动高亢(如心律超过100次/分钟)
(2）increased hand tremor
渐多的手部颤动
(3）insomnia
失眠
(4) nausea or vomiting
恶心,呕吐
(5) transient visual, tactile, or auditory hallucinations or illusions
短暂的幻听,幻视,幻触,或错觉
(6) psychomotor agitation
精神与运动系统的烦躁不安
(7) anxiety
焦虑
(8) grand mal seizures
颠痫发作/抽风

C. The symptoms in Criterion B cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
以上症状导致显著的身体不正常,引起社交,工作或其他功能的失常

D. The symptoms are not due to a general medical condition and are not better accounted for by another mental disorder.
以上症状不是由其他全身性疾病引起,也不符合其他精神疾病的诊断

注意:如果需要戒酒,一定要有专业人士的指导,戒酒过程会有危险.