新叶投旅笔记

3 C's of life: choice, chance, and change.
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生活小常识: 酒精 vs 双氧水 vs 次氯酸基伤口清洁剂

(2025-06-29 06:42:40) 下一个

 

 

后补: 左边是这次试验的产品, 右边是弃用的, 最后的结果很好, 不仅愈合时间比去年同类皮肤擦伤缩短2/3, 而且几无明显伤痕留下。 很好的一次:学以致用的结局。

 

 

 

昨天家人骑MTB 摔跤贴伤严重,去医院处理, 告诉护士我们在家用用水清洁沙土后, 用酒精消毒了伤口, 涂了Polysporin.  护士特别提醒不要用酒精, 那是“OLD way”。

 

回家后查了YT:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WZYudqb1OXI

Dermatologist Explains: The Most Common Wound Care Mistakes to Avoid When Dealing with Cuts

 

Major takeaways: Petrolatum-based ointments include 3 brands: CeraVe, Aquaphor, and Vaseline.

 

 

参考了几个皮肤科与外科手术医生的YT, 最好的外伤消毒方法应该是用hypochlorous acid-based wound cleanser (次氯酸基伤口清洁剂 designed for managing minor skin abrasions. It's less damage to the good cells and better and faster for the healing:

 

 

回家后查了一下GROK:

 

 

医院用双氧水(hydrogen peroxide)代替酒精消毒是否更有效,取决于具体的使用场景、消毒对象和病原体的类型。以下是对两者在消毒效果、适用范围和优缺点的比较分析:

1. 双氧水和酒精的消毒机制

  • 双氧水:双氧水是一种强氧化剂,通过释放活性氧破坏细菌、病毒和真菌的细胞壁和蛋白质,达到杀菌效果。它对多种病原体(包括细菌、病毒、真菌和部分芽孢)有效,尤其在低浓度(如3%-6%)时常用于表面消毒或伤口清洁。
  •  
  • 酒精:医用酒精(通常为70%-75%乙醇)通过使蛋白质变性、破坏细胞膜和溶解脂质来杀菌。酒精对细菌、病毒(尤其是包膜病毒)效果显著,但对某些非包膜病毒和细菌芽孢效果较差。

2. 消毒效果比较

  • 双氧水的优势
    • 对细菌芽孢有一定杀灭作用,而酒精对芽孢几乎无效
    • 适用于伤口、黏膜等组织的消毒,因为低浓度双氧水对人体组织刺激性较低,且分解后生成水和氧气,无残留毒性。
    • 在高浓度下(如35%),可用于无菌环境或医疗器械的深度消毒。
  • 酒精的优势
    • 酒精挥发快,适合快速消毒皮肤、医疗器械表面或环境表面。
    • 对大多数常见细菌和包膜病毒(如流感病毒、SARS-CoV-2)杀灭速度更快。
    • 使用方便,无需稀释,适合急救或日常消毒。
  • 局限性
    • 双氧水:对某些非包膜病毒(如诺如病毒)效果较弱;高浓度双氧水可能对皮肤或组织有刺激性;不稳定,易分解,储存要求较高。
    • 酒精:对细菌芽孢和某些非包膜病毒无效;不适合开放性伤口或黏膜消毒(会引起刺激和疼痛);易燃,储存和使用需注意安全。

3. 医院使用场景

  • 双氧水
    • 常用于清洗伤口(如3%双氧水)以去除坏死组织、污物,同时杀菌。
    • 适合需要温和消毒的场景,如口腔或黏膜护理。
    • 在某些情况下用于医疗器械的浸泡消毒(高浓度)或环境表面消毒。
    •  
  • 酒精
    • 广泛用于皮肤消毒(如注射前、手术前皮肤准备)。
    • 用于快速擦拭医疗器械表面或环境表面。
    • 不适合用于开放性伤口或大面积创面。

4. 是否更有效?

  • 双氧水并非全面优于酒精
    • 如果目标是快速杀灭常见细菌和包膜病毒(如新冠病毒),酒精(70%-75%)通常更有效且方便。
    • 如果需要杀灭细菌芽孢或处理开放性伤口,双氧水可能是更好的选择。
    • 在医院环境中,双氧水和酒精往往是互补使用的,而不是完全替代。例如,酒精用于皮肤消毒,双氧水用于伤口清洁或特定器械消毒。
  • 具体选择取决于
    • 消毒对象(皮肤、伤口、器械、环境表面)。
    • 病原体类型(细菌、病毒、芽孢等)。
    • 安全性(是否对组织有刺激性)和操作便捷性。

5. 注意事项

  • 双氧水的浓度:医院常用3%-6%的双氧水用于伤口或表面消毒,高浓度(如35%)用于特殊消毒,但需专业操作,避免对人体或设备造成损害。
  • 酒精的浓度:70%-75%的乙醇是最佳消毒浓度,过高(如95%)反而因快速挥发降低杀菌效果。
  • 联合使用:在某些情况下,医院可能联合使用酒精和双氧水(如先用酒精快速消毒表面,再用双氧水处理深层伤口)以达到最佳效果。

结论

双氧水和酒精各有优劣,不能简单说双氧水代替酒精是更有效的消毒手段。医院会根据具体需求选择合适的消毒剂。双氧水在伤口清洁和芽孢杀灭方面有独特优势,而酒精在快速消毒皮肤和表面方面更高效。两者在医院中通常是互补使用,而非完全替代。

如果您有具体场景(如某种伤口或器械消毒),可以提供更多细节,我可以进一步分析!

 

 

--------参考了几个皮肤科与外科手术医生的YT, 最好的外伤消毒方法应该是用hypochlorous acid-based wound cleanser (次氯酸基伤口清洁剂 ) designed for managing minor skin abrasions. It's less damage to the good cells and better and faster for the healing:

 

在AMAZON上找到皮肤科医生推荐的一个产品:

Vashe Wound Solution OTC is a hypochlorous acid-based wound cleanser designed for managing minor skin abrasions, lacerations, irritations, cuts, and intact skin. Here’s how to use it based on available information:

1. **Preparation**: Ensure your hands are clean and you have sterile gauze or a clean wound dressing ready. Vashe is available in spray or pour bottles (e.g., 4 oz, 8.5 oz, 16 oz).

2. **Cleansing the Wound**:
   - Apply a sufficient amount of Vashe Wound Solution to cover the wound and surrounding area. You can pour or spray it directly onto the wound.[](https://vasheotc.com/)[](https://www.medicaleshop.com/vashe-wound-solution)
   - Alternatively, dampen a piece of gauze with Vashe (squeeze out excess liquid to avoid dripping) and place it on the wound for 3–10 minutes to cleanse and debride. Gently pat the area dry afterward if needed.[](https://www.amazon.com/Vashe-Hypochlorous-Acid-Preserved-Non-Cytotoxic-Skin-Neutral/dp/B019660RPG)[](https://medicalmonks.com/product/vashe-skin-wound-burn-cleansing-solution/)

3. **Moistening Dressings**:
   - To keep a dressing moist, apply Vashe directly to the wound dressing 1–3 times daily, ensuring it fully covers the wound area.[](https://vasheotc.com/)[](https://www.medicaleshop.com/vashe-wound-solution)
   - Soak the dressing thoroughly with Vashe before applying to aid in easier removal during dressing changes.[](https://vasheotc.com/)

4. **Frequency**:
   - Clean the wound with Vashe at each dressing change or as recommended by a healthcare provider. Inspect the dressing at least twice daily and change it if oozing or discharge occurs.[](https://vasheotc.com/)[](https://medicalmonks.com/product/vashe-skin-wound-burn-cleansing-solution/)
   - Typical use is once or twice daily, but follow your healthcare provider’s guidance for specific wound types.[](https://www.amazon.ca/Vashe-Hypochlorous-Acid-Preserved-Non-Cytotoxic-Skin-Neutral/dp/B019660RPG)[](https://www.medicaleshop.com/vashe-wound-solution)

5. **Storage and Shelf Life**:
   - Store Vashe at room temperature. Use within 30 days of opening the bottle to ensure effectiveness.[](https://medicalmonks.com/product/vashe-skin-wound-burn-cleansing-solution/)

6. **When to Stop or Consult a Professional**:
   - Stop using Vashe and consult a healthcare provider if redness, swelling, or pain persists for more than 7 days, the wound enlarges, or there are no signs of healing, as these may indicate infection.[](https://vasheotc.com/)

**Tips**:
- Vashe is non-cytotoxic, non-irritating, and safe for sensitive skin, making it suitable for children or delicate areas. It doesn’t sting like alcohol-based cleansers.[](https://www.amazon.com/Vashe-Hypochlorous-Acid-Preserved-Non-Cytotoxic-Skin-Neutral/dp/B019660RPG)[](https://www.medicaleshop.com/vashe-wound-solution)
- It’s effective for minor cuts, scrapes, burns, and chronic wounds like diabetic or pressure ulcers, but consult a doctor for severe or infected wounds.[](https://vasheotc.com/)[](https://www.vitalitymedical.com/vashe-wound-cleanser-4-8-18oz-bottles.html)

 

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for personalized wound care. If you have specific concerns, check the product label or contact a medical professional.[](https://www.medicaleshop.com/vashe-wound-solution)

 

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