感恩节是移民特有的节日,历来解释和演义很多,却很少得其要领。今天把感恩节和探戈联系起来,想了想,这样的思路从哪里来,不禁翻出老电影《闻香识女人》重新看了一遍,不仅看懂了其中很多道理,也看明白了为什么感恩节是移民的节日。
最初是意大利作家Giovanni Arpino1969年写的小说《il buio e il miele》(黑暗与蜂蜜)启发出了1974年的意大利电影Profumo di donna de(唐娜的香水味儿)。1992年美国翻拍了这本小说或者电影,保留了唐娜在里面,片名也保留了“香味儿”:Scent of a Woman。汉译《闻香识女人》,基本误导大家往香艳思路上发展,也惋惜漂亮的唐娜只出现了跳探戈的十分钟,看完2个多小时的电影觉得“文不对题”“货不对板”。但是因为阿尔帕西诺精湛的表演,也就不深究了。
其实观众错过太多。首先,剧情改设在感恩节,场景是美国乡村的高级私立男校和纽约高级旅馆和餐厅,虽然保留了男大叔想自杀的念头,但是添加了男小哥为自己学业前途纠结的场景,两条线索如同“黑暗与蜂蜜”一样从平行到胶结,最后大叔和小哥互相帮助度过艰难的四天感恩节假期。大叔首先的想法是去重修家庭关系,但是以失败告终。然后是大把大把撒钱买快乐包括找妓女,但是发现根本不能解决自己的纠结,自杀的枪几乎马上上膛。唐娜的无邪与清澈如惊鸿一瞥提醒他性与美不是一回事,小哥的淳朴和真诚打动了他,而他主动去帮小哥脱险更是让他看见自闭在自己的困苦中不如伸出援手去帮助别人来得快乐。
很多误读在于认为结局是光明的,其实大叔最后还是说“it’s a difficult holiday”。没有当过移民的、没有在北美过过感恩节的,不容易了解这节里面的艰难。感恩,的确是“谢天谢地”,但是更多的是“又熬过了艰辛的一年”。尽管大叔救出小哥,但是现实社会的泥淖迟早还会污染小哥;尽管那十分钟的探戈无比“思无邪”,但是唐娜转身就被男友拉去会他们的朋友,清澈只是暂时。所以在最后的陈词中,大叔代表所有坐五月花号来到“彼岸”“乐土”的说出了移民的心声:
Their spirit is dead; if they ever had one, it's gone. You're building a rat ship here. A vessel for sea going snitches. And if you think you're preparing these minnows, for manhood you better think again. Because I say you are killing the very spirit this institution proclaims it instills. What a sham! What kind of show you guys puttin' on here today?
听这陈词的时候,耳边再次响起由阿根廷探戈无冕之王卡洛斯·伽达尔Carlos Cardel作曲,伊扎克.帕尔曼(Itzhak Perlman)演奏的探戈的曲调"Por una cabeza",中文译成《一步之差》,其实是“就差一点儿”的意思,原来的歌词唱出赌马的哀叹,说自己押注的只差一个马头输了比赛,自己的心上人也是飘逝而不可及。这首小提琴曲,自1935年诞生以来,成为电影中探戈的常选舞曲,因为充分体现了探戈的精神:可望不可及。
大叔警告美国的精英教育已经失去五月花号的精神,已经开始让人说谎、私下交易、扼杀真诚。所以他继续陈词道:
Makers of men, creators of leaders, be careful what kind of leaders you're producing here. I don't know if Charlie's silence here today is right or wrong; I'm no judge or jury. But I can tell you this: he won't sell anybody out to buy his future! And that my friends is called integrity, that's called courage. Now that's the stuff leaders should be made of. Now I have come to the crossroads in my life. I always knew what the right path was. Without exception, I knew. But I never took it, you know why? It was too damn hard. Now here's Charlie; he's come to the crossroads. He has chosen a path, it's the right path. It's a path made of principle, that leads to character. Let him continue on his journey. You hold this boy's future in your hands, committee! It's a valuable future. Believe me! Don't destroy...protect it...embrace it. It's gonna make you proud some day...I promise you.
这就是感恩节的旨归:日子的确很艰难,要做正确的决定的确很艰难,但是比起沉沦来说,向上的斗志千万不可扼杀,教育系统要好好呵护这样的苗子,“无食我黍”,方是“乐土”。所以把这电影看作小说翻拍、想成情色或鸡汤,都误读了。好莱坞很多把场景设在圣诞节,暗示团圆喜庆乃至伸冤。但是设在感恩节的电影不多,因为感恩是移民特有的节日和心情。
当然,移民不一定要跨过大西洋,任何生涯变化、地点变化、心态变化,都是要带着感恩的心坚强面对艰难岁月、鼓足勇气做正确的决定,为了“可望不可及”的目标努力探戈,因为探戈跳错一步,不必纠正,继续跳下去就行了,而且探戈跳的就是要跳出自己,不管你有没有跳过。你会为自己自豪的,大叔说:I promise you.
也建议片名改译成:《那一缕清香》。