Frank Herbert,Dune/Allegory of the Cave害怕決定帶來的後果/人們奢望一個神來替他們做決定商

Most people don't want to make decisions because they are afraid of the consequences. So they expect or expect a god to make decisions for them, and after you finally put him on the supreme seat, the devil was born. Never leave the decision-making power to others, only you can control your destiny. "Frank Herbert," Author of Dune. why?

人們多半不想做決定，因為他們害怕，害怕決定帶來的後果

所以他們期望或奢望一個神來替他們做決定，而在你終於把他捧上那至高無上的座位後，惡魔也隨之誕生了。

永遠別把決定權交予他人，唯有自己才能掌控命運。 「法蘭克赫伯特」 沙丘作者。

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The quote you referenced seems to encapsulate several profound ideas related to human psychology, autonomy, and power dynamics. Let's break down these ideas to understand why Frank Herbert, author of Dune, might emphasize the importance of individual decision-making and the dangers of relinquishing this power to others.

1. Fear of Consequences: Many people hesitate to make decisions because they are anxious about the potential negative outcomes. Decisions inherently involve risk and uncertainty, and the possibility of making a wrong choice can be paralyzing. This fear can lead individuals to seek external guidance or authority to make decisions on their behalf.

2. Deification of Authority: When people abdicate their decision-making responsibilities, they often look up to a higher authority—sometimes literally a god, or metaphorically a leader or an ideology—to take on this role. This deference to authority can stem from a desire for security, stability, and the avoidance of personal responsibility.

3. Corruption of Power: When an individual or entity is placed in a position of supreme power, the potential for corruption and the rise of malevolent influences increases. Herbert's statement, "after you finally put him on the supreme seat, the devil was born," suggests that absolute power can corrupt absolutely. History and literature are replete with examples of leaders who, once given unchecked power, become tyrannical or oppressive.

4. Autonomy and Destiny: Herbert advocates for personal autonomy and responsibility in decision-making. By retaining control over our own decisions, we exercise our free will and maintain our moral and ethical agency. This empowerment is crucial for personal growth and self-determination.

5. Themes in Dune: In Dune, themes of power, control, and destiny are central. The story explores the complexities of leadership, the burdens of power, and the consequences of reliance on prescient visions and prophetic figures. Herbert's narrative warns against the dangers of messianic figures and the seduction of power, emphasizing the importance of personal responsibility and the perils of dependence on others for critical decisions.

In summary, Frank Herbert's perspective emphasizes the importance of individual autonomy in decision-making. He warns against the dangers of ceding this power to others, highlighting the potential for corruption and the loss of personal control over one's destiny. This idea resonates deeply within the context of his work and broader philosophical and psychological principles.

 

 

biography of Frank Herbert

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Frank Herbert was an American science fiction writer best known for his novel Dune and its sequels, which form the Dune saga. Here is a detailed biography of Frank Herbert:

Early Life and Education

• Full Name: Franklin Patrick Herbert Jr.
• Birth: October 8, 1920, in Tacoma, Washington, USA.
• Family: He was born to Frank Patrick Herbert Sr. and Eileen McCarthy Herbert. His family had Irish heritage.
• Education: Herbert attended high school in Tacoma and went on to briefly attend the University of Washington in Seattle. He did not complete his degree due to a desire to pursue a writing career.

Early Career

• Journalism: Herbert began his career as a journalist, working for several West Coast newspapers such as the Seattle Star and the Oregon Journal. His journalism work provided him with a broad range of experiences and influenced his later writing.
• Military Service: During World War II, Herbert served in the U.S. Navy’s Seabees (construction battalions) for six months in 1941. However, he was given a medical discharge.
• Other Jobs: He held various jobs including photographer, radio commentator, and lecturer, which enriched his perspective and contributed to his writing style.

Writing Career

• Early Works: Herbert's first science fiction story, "Looking for Something?", was published in Startling Stories in 1952. He wrote a number of short stories and his first novel, The Dragon in the Sea (also known as Under Pressure), was published in 1956.
• Dune Creation: Herbert conceived the idea for Dune during a journalistic assignment on sand dunes in Oregon. The novel was published in 1965, after being serialized in Analog Science Fiction and Fact magazine. It was initially rejected by more than 20 publishers.
• Dune Success: Dune won the inaugural Nebula Award for Best Novel and shared the Hugo Award in 1966. It became one of the best-selling science fiction novels of all time and is considered a cornerstone of the genre. The success of Dune allowed Herbert to become a full-time writer.
• Dune Sequels: Herbert continued the series with sequels including Dune Messiah (1969), Children of Dune (1976), God Emperor of Dune (1981), Heretics of Dune (1984), and Chapterhouse: Dune (1985). The series explores complex themes such as politics, religion, ecology, and human evolution.

Personal Life

• Marriages: Herbert married Flora Parkinson in 1940, with whom he had one child before they divorced. He married Beverly Ann Stuart in 1946, with whom he had two sons, Brian and Bruce. Beverly passed away in 1984. Later, he married Theresa Shackleford in 1985.
• Interests: Herbert was deeply interested in ecology, psychology, philosophy, and history, which heavily influenced his writing.

Later Life and Legacy

• Health Issues: Herbert faced several health issues later in life, including a fight against cancer.
• Death: Frank Herbert died on February 11, 1986, in Madison, Wisconsin, due to a pulmonary embolism and complications from pancreatic cancer surgery.
• Legacy: Frank Herbert's Dune series remains a monumental work in science fiction. His exploration of intricate themes and his creation of a richly detailed universe have inspired numerous writers, filmmakers, and other creators. His son, Brian Herbert, along with author Kevin J. Anderson, continued the Dune series with prequels and sequels based on Frank Herbert's notes.

Herbert's work has left a lasting impact on the science fiction genre, and his insights into power, ecology, and human nature continue to resonate with readers worldwide.

 

柏拉圖的洞喻（Allegory of the Cave）是古希臘哲學家柏拉圖（Plato）在他的著作《理想國》（The Republic）中描述的一個著名寓言，這個洞喻旨在探討真理、知識和人類認識的本質。以下是洞喻的詳細解釋：

洞喻的故事

在柏拉圖的寓言中，有一群人從出生起就被囚禁在一個洞穴中，他們的脖子和腿被鎖鏈束縛，只能看到洞壁。他們的背後有一堆火，火光照在他們和火之間的一堵矮牆上，牆後有一些人舉著各種物品在移動，這些物品的影子投射在洞壁上。由於囚犯只能看到這些影子，他們錯誤地認為這些影子就是現實的全部。

寓言的象徵意義

洞穴：洞穴象徵著感官經驗的有限性和人類無知的狀態。生活在洞穴中的囚犯只了解影子的世界，他們不知道真實世界的存在。

囚犯：囚犯代表普通人，他們的認識受到感官的限制，誤以為感官所見即是全部真理。

影子：影子象徵著表象和假象，它們是物體在光源照射下的投影，代表著人們通過感官所獲得的不完全和扭曲的知識。

火光：火光代表有限的真理之光，雖然比完全的黑暗（完全的無知）要好，但仍然不能揭示事物的真相。

逃脫的囚犯：有一個囚犯設法掙脫鎖鏈，離開洞穴，並逐漸適應了外面的光亮，最終看到了真實世界的全貌。這位逃脫的囚犯象徵著哲學家，他們通過理性和智慧追求真理，超越了感官經驗的限制。

太陽：當囚犯走出洞穴，最終看到太陽時，太陽象徵著最高的真理和知識的源泉，代表著柏拉圖的“理念世界”（Realm of Forms）中的“善的理念”（Form of the Good）。

洞喻的哲學意涵

知識的層次：柏拉圖通過洞喻闡述了知識的不同層次，從感官經驗中的表象（影子）到理性思維所達到的真理（太陽）。哲學家的任務就是超越感官的假象，追求更高層次的真理。

教育的重要性：洞喻強調了教育在使人類從無知走向知識的過程中的重要性。真正的教育應該引導人們從“洞穴”中走出，認識到更高層次的真理。

哲學家的角色：柏拉圖認為哲學家在社會中應該擔任領導者的角色，因為他們具備認識真理的能力，能夠引導其他人走出無知的黑暗。

現實和表象：洞喻還探討了現實和表象之間的區別。人們往往容易被表象所迷惑，誤以為感官所見即是真實，而忽略了背後更深層次的真理。

結語

柏拉圖的洞喻是西方哲學中極具影響力的寓言之一，它不僅深刻探討了人類認識的局限和知識的追求，還對後世的哲學、教育學和心理學產生了深遠影響。洞喻的核心思想在於強調理性和智慧在追求真理中的重要性，並警示人們不要被感官的假象所迷惑。

請詳商君書馭民五術：愚民、弱民、貧民、疲民、辱民
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《商君书》是战国时期法家代表人物商鞅所著或与其思想有关的政治著作，其中提出了一些治理人民的方法，被称为“驭民五术”：愚民、弱民、贫民、疲民、辱民。这些策略在商鞅的治国思想中占有重要地位，用来巩固统治者的权力。以下是对这五种术的详细解释：

1. 愚民

解释：愚民术即使民众愚昧无知，不具备足够的知识和智慧去质疑或反抗统治者的权威。

方法：

限制教育：控制教育资源，使大部分人无法接受高等教育。
信息控制：严格审查和控制信息的传播，防止民众接触到有可能激发他们思考和质疑的内容。
宣传洗脑：通过宣传和灌输特定的思想，使民众形成盲目的忠诚和服从。

目的：防止民众因为知识和见识的增加而产生反抗思想，从而维护统治者的绝对权威。

2. 弱民

解释：弱民术即削弱民众的体质和力量，使其不具备反抗的能力。

方法：

军事控制：限制民间武器的拥有和使用，确保只有国家垄断武力。
健康控制：通过各种方式限制民众的健康发展，比如通过征兵、征税等方式消耗他们的精力和体力。

目的：确保民众身体虚弱，不具备反抗的力量和意志。

3. 贫民

解释：贫民术即通过经济手段使民众保持贫穷，使其无力反抗。

方法：

重税：征收高额的税收，让民众的财富被国家吸纳。
有限资源：控制经济资源的分配，使民众难以积累财富。
消费诱导：引导民众进行不必要的消费，使其无法储蓄。

目的：通过经济压力使民众忙于生计，无暇顾及政治事务，避免他们积累力量进行反抗。

4. 疲民

解释：疲民术即通过各种手段使民众疲于奔命，无力思考或从事反抗活动。

方法：

繁重劳动：通过强制劳动或高强度的工作任务使民众疲惫不堪。
频繁征兵：不断征召民众服兵役，使他们无休止地疲于奔命。
政策繁琐：制定繁琐复杂的政策和法规，使民众在应对日常事务上耗费大量精力。

目的：通过使民众过度劳累，使其无力进行反抗和争取权利。

5. 辱民

解释：辱民术即通过侮辱和贬低民众的尊严，使其心理上处于服从和顺从状态。

方法：

阶级压迫：通过社会制度和法律强化阶级差异，使民众认命于低下的社会地位。
严厉惩罚：对任何违抗行为进行严厉的公开惩罚，以震慑其他民众。
舆论导向：利用舆论工具贬低民众的价值观，使其内心自卑。

目的：通过心理打击使民众丧失自尊和反抗的意愿，从而更容易被统治和控制。

结语

商鞅的“驭民五术”反映了法家思想中对权力集中和统治稳定的追求。虽然这些策略在古代具有一定的现实意义，但从现代角度来看，它们是极端且不人道的，违背了现代社会的民主、自由和人权原则。然而，这些思想在历史上确实对统治策略和政治理论产生了深远影响，对于理解古代政治思想和制度有重要的参考价值。

一個人對拉莫的驢說，我們家全靠你了，沒有你，我們家就要吃粗糧。驢低著頭笑了笑，拉莫更來勁了，然後人吃著驢拉莫出來的糧食，對孩子說你不要像那頭傻驢一樣，只會低頭拉磨，驢吃著秸稈對他的孩子說，你要快點長大，我要把手藝交給你，這是一個受人尊敬的職業expalain why?
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這段話是一個寓言故事，通過人與驢的對話和行為來揭示一些深刻的人生哲理和社會現象。讓我們來詳細分析這段話，理解其背後的含義。

寓言的角色和情節

人對驢的稱讚：人對驢說，「我們家全靠你了，沒有你，我們家就要吃粗糧」。這句話表面上是在稱讚驢的重要性，因為驢的勞動（拉磨）為家庭提供了糧食。但實際上，人只是在利用驢的勞動，而並不真正尊重驢的價值。

驢的反應：驢低著頭笑了笑，這反應顯示出驢可能已經意識到自己被利用，但它並不反抗，仍然默默工作。

人的言行：人吃著驢拉磨出來的糧食，對孩子說「你不要像那頭傻驢一樣，只會低頭拉磨」。這表明人對驢的勞動不僅不尊重，還貶低其價值，把驢的辛勤勞動稱作「傻」。

驢對孩子的教育：驢吃著秸稈對自己的孩子說，「你要快點長大，我要把手藝交給你，這是一個受人尊敬的職業」。這句話反映了驢對自己勞動的認同和對未來的期望。驢希望孩子能學會這門技藝，並且認為這是值得尊重的工作。

深層意涵分析

勞動與尊重：這個故事揭示了社會中對不同勞動的價值觀和態度。人類依賴驢的勞動來生產糧食，但卻不尊重驢的勞動，甚至貶低它。而驢雖然被利用，卻仍然自豪地認為自己的工作是有價值的，并希望將這種精神傳承給下一代。

教育與傳承：人的教育方式是貶低勞動，勸誡孩子不要像驢那樣辛苦工作，而應該追求別的生活方式。這反映了現實中有些家長對待某些職業的偏見和態度。而驢則希望自己的孩子繼承自己的技能，認同並尊重自己的勞動價值。

尊嚴與勞動者：驢的話表達了勞動者的尊嚴和自我認同。即使社會不尊重它，它仍然堅信自己的工作是有價值的，並且這種自尊心是它能傳承給下一