0224 TOEFL IBT vs IVY League

The Complete Guide to the TOEFL Test IBT Edition

Bruce Rogers

Vocabulary Exercise 1

abandon n.desert,leave behind

able adj.capable,qualified,fit

abolish v.end, eliminate

abrupt adj.sudden, hasty,unexpected

acclaim v.applaud,praise,honor; n.applause,praise,honor

accommodating adj helpful,welcoming,cooperative

acrid adj. bitter,sharp,biting

adapt v.adjust,modify

adept adj.skillful,expert

adhere v.stick,cling

admonish v.warn,caution,advise

adorn v.decorate,ornament

advent n.coming,arrival

adverse adj.hostile,negative,contrary

affluent adj.rich,wealthy,prosperous,well-to-do,thriving

aggravate v.annoy,irritate/ intensify,worsen

aggregate adj.entire,total,combined

agile adj.graceful,nimble,lively

ailment n.sickness,illness,disease

allot v.divide,distribute

amazing adj.astonishing,astounding,surprising,startling

amiable adj.agreeable,congenial,pleasant,friendly

anticipate v.foresee,expect,predict

anxious adj.worried,nervous,apprehensive/eager,avid

appraise v.evaluate,estimate,assess

apt adj.appropriate,suitable,correct,relevant,proper/ likely,prone

arduous adj.difficult,strenuous,exhausting

arid adj.dry,barren

aroma n fragrance, smell,odor,scent

artificial adj.synthetic,imitation,man-made

astonishing adj.surprising,amazing,astounding

astute adj.intelligent,clever,perceptive

attain v.accomplish,achieve

augment v.supplement,increase,strengthen,expand

austere adj.strict,harsh,severe,stern

authentic adj.genuine,true

averse adj.opposed to,against, hostile to

aversion n.dislike,hostility,fear

awkward adj. clumsy

*************************************************************

Vocabulary Exercise 2

baffle v.confuse,puzzle,mystify

balmy adj.mild,warm

ban v.prohibit,forbid

barren adj.sterile,unproductive,bleak,lifeless

barter v.trade,exchange

beckon v.summon,call,signal

belligerent adj.hostile,aggressive

beneficial adj.helpful,useful,advantageous

benevolent adj.benign,kind,compassionate,good

bias n.prejudice

blanched adj. whitened, bleached,pale

bland adj.mild,tasteless,dull

blatant adj.flagrant,obvious,overt

blend v.mix,mingle,combine;n.mixture,combination

bloom v.blossom,flower,flourish

blow up v. explode/ become angry/magnify,expend

blunder v.make a mistake n.error,mistake

blunt adj.unsharpened,dull/rude,abrupt,curt

blurry adj.unfocused,unclear,indistinct

bold adj.brave,courageous

bolster v.support,sustain,boost,buttress

bond v.join,connect; n.tie,link,connection

boom v.expand,prosper; n.expansion,prosperity,growth

brace v.support,reinforce

brilliant adj.bright,shiny,radiant,dazzling;/talented,gifted,intelligent

brisk adj. lively,quick,vigorous/ cool,chilly,invigorating

brittle adj.fragile,breakable,weak

bulky adj.huge,large,clumsy

bully v.torment,bother,force others to do things;
      n.a person who torments others

buttress v. support,bolster,boost

Vocabulary Exercise 3

calamity n.disaster,catastrophe

candid adj. honest,truthful,realistic

capable adj.competent,able, efficient,skillful

carve v.cut,sculpt,slice

casual adj. informal, relaxed/accidental,chance

categorize v. classify, sort

caustic adj.biting,harsh,sarcastic

cautious adj.careful,alert,prudent

celebrated adj.distinguished, famous,prominent

charming adj.delightful,lovely,attractive

cherish v. appreciate,esteem,treasure

choice n.selection,option adj.exceptional,superior

cite v.quote,mention,refer to, list

clash v.argue,dispute,quarrel;      n.argument,conflict,dispute

classify v. categorize

clever adj.smart,sharp,witty,bright

cling v.stick,adhere,hold

clog v.block,obstruct

clumsy adj.awkward, inept

clue n.hint,suggestion,sign,piece of evidence

cluster n.group,bunch,collection

coax v.persuade,urge

colossal adj. huge,enormous,gigantic

commence v.begin,initiate,start

commerce n.trade,business

commodity n.product,good,merchandise

compel v.force,require,coerce

competent adj.adept,skillful,capable,able

****************************************************

Vocabulary Exercise 4

complement v.supplement,complete; n.supplement,addition

compliment v.praise,flatter,commend; n.praise,flattery

comprehensive adj.complete,thorough, exhaustive

compulsory adj.necessary,obligatory,mandatory

concede v.admit,acknowledge,recognize

concise adj.brief,short,abbreviated

concrete adj.tangible,specific,real

conflict n.disagreement,argument/battle,war

congregate v.assemble,gather

conspicuous adj.noticeable,obvious,prominent

constant adj.continuous,steady

contemplate v.think about,ponder,speculate

controversial adj.disputable,debatable

convenient adj.accessible,available,handy

conventional adj.standard, ordinary,normal

cope with v. deal with, manage, handle

copious adj.abundant, ample,plentiful

cordial adj.congenial, warm,friendly

cosmopolitan
adj.sophisticated,worldly, urbane,well traveled/
international,worldwide,universal

courteous adj.polite, refined,gracious

covert adj. secret,hidden

cozy adj. comfortable, warm/ friendly,intimate,close

crave v.desire, long for, hope for

craving n. desire,need

craze n.fad, popular(but short-lived) fashion

critical
adj. unfavorable, fault-finding,disapproving/
important,crucial,vital,key/
serious,grave,dangerous/
analytical, judgmental

crooked adj.curved,twisted,zigzag/ dishonest, corrupt

crucial adj.critical,decisive,key

crude adj.rude,impolite,vulgar/ unprocessed,raw,unrefined

cruel adj. brutal,vicious,ruthless

cryptic adj. secret,mysterious

curb v.restrict, limit,control

curious adj.inquisitive,fascinated/ odd,strange,unusual

curt adj.abrupt, blunt,impolite

Vocabulary Exercise 5

damp adj.moist,wet,humid

daring adj.bold,courageous,brave

dazzling adj.shining,sparkling,blinding,bright

debris n. wreckage, ruins,broken pieces

declare v.announce,proclaim

defective adj.flawed,faulty,broken,malfunctioning

defiant adj.rebellious, insubordinate

delicate adj.exquisite,fragile

delightful adj.charming,attractive,enchanting

delusion n.illusion, dream,fantasy

demolish v.tear down, destroy,wreck

dense adj.thick, solid,packed

desist v.stop,cease,discontinue

detect v.observe,spot,sense,perceive

determine v.decide,agree on/ control,shape,govern

device n.instrument,tool,mechanism

devise v.invent,play,figure out

dim adj.unclear,faint,indistinct

din n.noise,clamor,commotion

dire adj.desperate,grievous,serious

discard v.abandon,leave behind

dismal adj.gloomy,depressing,dreary

disperse v.scatter,distribute,spread

dispute n.argument,quarrel,debate,clash,feud,conflict

distinct adj.discrete,separate,different

distinguished adj.celebrated, notable, famous,well known

diversity n.variety,assortment

divulge v.reveal,admit,disclose

dogged adj.stubborn,determined,persistent

domestic adj.home/household,residential/national

dominate v.rule,control,govern

dominant adj.strongest,main,ruling,leading

dot v. are located in, are scattered around,
    n.spot,point

downfall n.collapse,defeat

doze v.sleep,nap

drab adj.dull,plain,uninteresting,dreary

draw v.sketch,make a picture/ pull,attract

drawback n.disadvantage,weakness,flaw

dreary adj.dismal,gloomy,bleak,drab

drench v. wet,soak

drowsy adj.sleepy,tired

dubious adj.doubtful,gloomy,bleak,drab

durable adj.lasting,enduring,resistant

dusk n.evening,sunset,twilight

dwell v. live,reside,inhabit

dwelling n.house,home,residence

dwindle v. decrease,diminish

dynamic adj.energetic,forceful,active,vibrant

***********************************************

Vocabulary Exercise 6

eerie adj.strange,odd,unusual,mysterious,frightening

elderly adj.old,aged

electrify v.excite,thrill,exhilarate

elegant adj.sophisticated,polished,stylish

eligible adj.suitable,qualified,acceptable

elude v.escape,avoid,evade,stay away from

eminent adj.delightful,charming,captivating

encounter v.meet,find,come across;
          n.meeting,confrontation

endeavor n.attempt,venture

endorse v.authorize,approve,support

enhance v. intensify,amplify,strengthen

ensue v.follow,result

entice v.lure,attract,tempt

era n period,age, stage

essential adj.critical,vital,crucial,key

esteem v.cherish,honor,admire

evade v.escape,avoid,elude

exhaustive adj.thorough,complete,comprehensive

exhilarating adj.exciting,thrilling,stimulating,electrifying

extravagant adj.excessive,lavish

fable n.mythical story,tale

fabled adj.legendary,mythical,famous

facet n.aspect,point,feature

faint adj.dim,pale,faded,indistinct

fancy adj.decorative,ornate,elaborate

fasten v.attach,secure

fatal adj.mortal,lethal,deadly

fatigue v. tire,exhaust; n.exhaustion,weariness

faulty adj.flawed,inferior

feasible adj.possible

fee n.payment,fare

ferocious adj.fierce,savage,violent

feverish adj. running a temperature, having a fever,hot
        /intense,buy

fiery adj.blazing,burning/passionate,fervent

fitting adj.suitable,proper,apt,appropriate

flagrant adj.blatant,obvious

flaw n.defect,imperfection,fault

flee v.escape, go away,elude

fleeting adj.short-lived,quick

flimsy adj.fragile,frail,weak,feeble

foe n.enemy, opponent

forage v. hunt,look for, search

forego v.abandon, give up,do without

foremost adj.chief,principal,leading,dominant

forge v.create,form,make/ falsify,fake,copy improperly

fragment n.particle,piece,bit

fragrant adj.aromatic,scented

fraudulent adj. basic,integral,elemental

fuse v.join,combine,unite

fusion n. blend,merger,union

futile adj.useless,pointless,vain

fuzzy adj.furry,hairy/ unclear,blurry,unfocused,hazy/
      uncertain,indefinite

*********************************************
Vocabulary Exercise 7

gag
n.joke, trick/something that prevents someone from speaking
v.choke for a moment,feel momentarily sick/
  prevent someone from speaking

gala adj.festive,happy,joyous

gap n.break,breach,opening

garrulous adj.talkative,chatty

gaudy adj.showy,flashy,conspicuous

genial adj.pleasant,cordial,agreeable

gentle adj.mild,kind,considerate,nice

genuine adj.authentic,real,valid

glitter v.sparkle, shine,glisten

glory n.grandeur,majesty,fame

gorgeous adj.attractive,beautiful

grade n.quality,value,worth

graphic adj.related to visual images/ clear,explicit,vivid

grasp v.grab,seize,grip/understand

grave adj.serious,grievous

gregarious adj.sociable,friendly

grim adj.severe,dreary,bleak,somber

grip v.hold,grasp,seize; n.hold,grasp,possession

grueling adj.exhausting,difficult,arduous

hamper v.delay,obstruct,hinder,block

handful n.not many,only a few

haphazard adj.random,chance,aimless,unplanned

hardly adv.barely,scarcely

hardship n. difficulty,trouble

harm v.injure,damage

harmful adj.hurtful,destructive

harmony n.accord,agreement,peace

harmonious adj.agreeable,friendly,peaceful

harness v.control,utilize

harsh adj.severe,rough,strict

hasty adj.quick,rushed,hurried

hazardous adj.dangerous,risky

hazy adj.misty,cloudy,foggy/unclear,fuzzy,obscure

heed v.obey,listen to,mind,follow

hinder v. block,obstruct,hamper

hitherto adv.up to now,previously,so far

hoist v. lift,raise,pick up

hue n.color,tint,shade

huge adj.enormous,giant,colossal,immense

hurl v.pitch,throw,fling