Anxiety Disorder 焦虑症(二)

Anxiety Disorder II 焦虑症(二)

Panic Disorder Without Agoraphobia恐慌症不伴随广场恐惧

A. Both (1) and (2)有以下(1)和(2)的症状

(1) recurrent unexpected Panic Attacks反复的无预兆的恐慌发作

(2) at least one of the attacks has been followed by 1 month (or more) of one (or more) of the following:
至少有一种发作伴随一个月或更长的以下症状

(a）persistent concern about having additional attacks持续地在意更多的发作

(b) worry about the implications of the attack or its consequences (e.g., losing control, having a heart attack, “going crazy”)担心发作的寓意和发作的后果(如:失去控制, 心脏病发作,变成疯子)

(c）a significant change in behavior related to the attacks与发作相关的显著的行为改变

B. Absence of Agoraphobia没有广场恐惧症

C. The Panic Attacks are not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or general medical condition (e.g., hyperthroidism).
恐慌发作不是由于某种药物引起(如毒品,药品)也不是某种疾病引起(如:甲亢).

D. The Panic Attacks are not better accounted for by another mental disorder, such as Social Phobia (e.g., occurring on exposure to feared social situations), Specific Phobia (e.g., on exposure to a specific phobic situation), Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (e.g., on exposure to dirt in someone with an obsession about contamination), Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (e.g., Separation Anxiety Disorder (e.g., in response to being away from home or close relatives).
以上恐慌发作不能诊断为其它的精神疾病,如社交恐惧症(仅仅回避社交场合,因为害怕受羞辱),特定恐惧症(回避某种特定场合,如电梯内),强迫症(如害怕沾染细菌而避免肮脏),创伤后应激症(如回避引起严重创伤的刺激),或分离焦虑症(如:害怕离开家或亲属).


Agoraphobia Without History of Panic Disorder广场恐惧不伴随恐慌症

A. The presence of Agoraphobia related to fear of developing panic-like symptoms (e.g., dizziness or diarrhea). 广场恐惧的出现是因为害怕发展成恐慌样症状(如:眩晕,腹泻).

B. Criteria have never been met for Panic Disorder.症状不符合恐慌症

C. The disturbance is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or a general medical condition.
这种障碍不是由于某种物质引起(如:毒品或药物),也不是有某种疾病引起

D. If an associated general medical condition is present, the fear described in Criterion A is clearly in excess of that usually associated with the condition.
如果伴有疾病引起的症状(如:眩晕,腹泻),那种害怕也超出实际情况.