Phonological disorder (语音障碍)

A. Failure to use developmentally expected speech sounds that are appropriate for age and dialect.
患者不能使用与其年纪对应的正确的语音表达方式会发错音,用错音,混淆不同词的发音.

B. The difficulties in speech sound production interfere with academic or occupational achievement or with social communication.
因为语音障碍使得患者无法取得正常的学业成就,也不能进行正常的社交交流.

C. If mental retardation, a speech-motor or sensory deficit, or environmental deprrivation is present, the speech difficulties are in excess of those usually associated with these problems.
如果患者还伴有智力发育迟缓,语言运动或感觉神经障碍,或者因为环境的剥夺,那么在诊断时就要确定患者的语音障碍超出了前面这些因素所造成的影响.