慕容青草的博客
哲学园地
戴榕菁
1. 背景
本文标题中提到的悖论的不是大家所熟悉的孪生子悖论，而是与之相关的可以直接推翻相对论的更为一般的一个悖论：凡要捍卫相对论的都必须否定相对论。本文给出的就是最近在academia.edu的讨论中遇到的一个典型例子【[1]】。整个讨论涉及到不同的人的发言，我这里将我与与讨论发起者Richard Lewis的对话的要点抽出来放在后面的附录中，并将那些要点译成中文如下：
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Hi Didier，你对广义相对论的哪一方面持有异议？广义相对论中的爱因斯坦方程得出了引力波、黑洞、太阳周围空间的弯曲、水星的轨道、引力透镜效应等预测。若不采用广义相对论，你又如何解释引力呢？
广义相对论中的引力波理论显然是错误的……引力的速度不可能等于光速，句号！
关于这一点我不得不与您持不同意见。来自中子星合并的引力波是由 LIGO 在 1.3 亿光年外探测到的。来自同一合并事件的伽马射线在别处被探测到，且其到达时间与引力波相差不到 2 秒。
那是个笑话……他们分别测量了引力波和辐射，然后宣布它们的速度相同……我支持诺贝尔奖在 2024 年不颁发给物理学家，如果他们在 2025 年颁发给物理学家，我会非常失望……主要原因在于包括实验物理学在内的整个物理学界不能让我觉得他们是始终诚实的。
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至于广义相对论中的引力波理论，引力的速度不可能与光速相同……怎么会有人认为此刻地球受到的来自太阳的引力是 8 分钟前计算出来的呢？那样的话地球早就疯狂旋转了！
对于您所阐述的观点，我有不同的看法。首先，“引力波”这个名称并不恰当，因为它实际上是一种空间扭曲波，只是在中子星合并的情况下是由两个大质量物体的相互作用引起的。我不认为太阳的引力像波一样传播。相反，我认为太阳对空间的弯曲作用在一定距离内是有效的，这样地球就直接受到局部空间弯曲的影响。
很遗憾，广义相对论并非文字游戏，它只提供一种引力波……要想通过所谓的引力波体验从远处测量怪物天体（膨胀）的刺激，你就得接受这样一个事实：任何两个质量体之间的相互作用都是通过所谓的引力波传递的，因为广义相对论没有为你提供其他传递机制……
所以，你不能在想欣赏遥远的碰撞时就开启引力波，而在想到太阳和地球之间的引力时又将其关闭……
但根据广义相对论，质量在现实中产生的效应并非如此。太阳的质量使空间和时间弯曲，这种效应随距离的增加而减弱，遵循平方反比定律。地球上的每一个原子都能感受到这种空间和时间的弯曲，从而产生向太阳的加速度。这里不存在引力波。
你刚刚暴露了典型的相对论主义症状：为了捍卫相对论，你不得不放弃相对论……
在你的辩解中，你显然忘记了相对论的基本原理：太阳与地球相比没什么特别之处……我们不必以太阳为参照系的中心……我们可以以地球为参照系的中心……所以现在从地球中心来看，每时每刻太阳都在远离它之前的位置，因此地球所在的空间的曲率必须感知到太阳远离它的运动，以便“计算”新的曲率……然而，根据广义相对论，地球所在的空间感知太阳的运动并计算出“新”曲率需要 8 分钟。
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上述对话中Richard Lewis所暴露出的悖论性思维的要点在于：当他考虑地球所受太阳引力时，他声称地球上的每个原子都能在它所处的空间感受到太阳质量在那个地方造成的所谓的空间和时间的弯曲，从而得到因太阳引力而产生的加速度。
他这种说法对于一般读者来说乍听起来可能挺唬人的，其实等于是在否定相对论！
所以，我随即指出了他的论点之悖论性：他的论点的前提是太阳比地球更特殊，因此需要在考虑太阳和地球之间的引力时需要把坐标系放在太阳上，这时因为太阳是不动的，我们只要估算地球上的每个原子所在地由太阳的质量造成的空间和时间弯曲便可用广义相对论算出它所受到的太阳的引力了。。。。但如果不把坐标系放在太阳上而是放在地球上的话，这时因为地球是不动的，我们看到的是太阳每时每刻在偏离它刚才所在的地方。可是，根据相对论，信息不可能瞬间传播而是要以不大于光速传播。。。。具体到引力，相对论声称它的速度与光速相同，所以地球上的每一点所感受到的不是太阳在当时的位置，而是太阳在8分钟前的位置；与之相应地，地球上的每一点所在的空间和时间的弯曲只能按照8分钟前太阳所在的位置来计算，因此地球所受到的是太阳在8分钟前的引力【[2]】！
在我昨天对他做出上述反驳之后，该讨论似乎停滞了，到此刻没人就广义相对论的引力速度问题再提出新的意见。
2. 讨论
Richard Lewis的论点之需要将坐标系放在太阳上这一前提从多个角度否定了他想要捍卫的相对论：
首先，他否定了相对论的最最基本的前提：太阳与地球是处于平等地位，谁也不比谁具有力学上的优先地位。。。。没有了这个前提，就没有他想要捍卫的相对论！
第二，当我们将坐标系放在地球上时，如果他继续假设地球上的每个原子都能知道太阳在任意时刻在它所处的位置造成的空间和时间的弯曲的话，那么他又否定了相对论所声称的信息不能瞬间传播而是要以不大于光速传播的说辞！
第三，即便是他将坐标系放在太阳上，他也需要让太阳知道地球在太阳上造成的空间和时间的弯曲所产生的对太阳的引力，但是，根据相对论，那时太阳所感受到的是8分钟前地球在太阳上产生的空间和时间的弯曲。。。。所以，根据广义相对论计算出来的地球对太阳的引力与太阳对地球的引力就不相等，从而打破了牛顿第三定律。。。。但是，相对论学者在宇宙学和天体物理的计算中从未声明广义相对论打破牛顿第三定律！
2.1. 打破牛顿第三定律的后果
当一种理论计算出来的作用力与反作用力不平衡的时候，任何一个封闭系统在没有外力的时候都会动起来，因为它内部的作用力和反作用力不平衡。那样的理论模拟出来的是一个能量随时随地不断冒出来，动量乱七八糟的世界。为什么广义相对论没有出现这种状况呢？不是它不会出现这种状况而是没有人敢于用广义相对论来处理日常的问题。物理学界只用广义相对论研究遥远的巨大质量的天体问题，而且他们不能按光速来计算作用力延迟，也就是说他们在研究中不断地违背相对论原理----这是因为相对论本身就是自相矛盾的错误理论！。。。。一个不诚实的科学界已经成为了人类文明发展的巨大隐患！！！
3. 结束语
Richard Lewis 为了捍卫相对论为我们提供了一个这样一个典型例子：为了捍卫相对论必须否定相对论！这是相对论的最基本的普遍悖论！
考虑到Richard Lewis是一位资深的物理学家人士，一位应该精通他所要捍卫的相对论的学者，我们从他在对话中的表现看到了在坚持真理与逃避社会压力的角力中他心安理得地选择了为了逃避社会压力而回避真理 ---- 当一个简单的答案能够帮助他逃避来自主流舆论的内心压力时，他就不加审核地毫不犹豫地立即接受哪怕一个认真的中学生都能在稍微仔细的检讨中发现错误的结论。
这不是他一个人的问题，而是目前地球文明的整个学术界乃至整个世界所普遍存在的问题【[3]】。
4. 附录 对话原文要点摘录
….What aspect of General Relativity do you disagree with? The Einstein equations of GR result in the predictions of gravitational waves, black holes, the curvature of space around the sun, the orbit of the planet Mercury, gravitational lensing and more. How would you explain gravity without GR.
?Richard Lewis?, Gravity wave theory of GTR is OBVIOUSLY WRONG.....the speed of gravity can NOT equal the speed of light, period!
?Rongqing Dai?, I have to disagree with you on this one. The gravitational waves from a neutron star merger were detected by LIGO at a distance of 130 million light years. Gamma radiation from the same merger event was detected elsewhere and it arrived within 2 seconds of the gravitational wave.
Richard Lewis?, That was a joke....They measured the gravity wave and radiation separately and then announced that they were of the same speed......I support Nobel for not issuing award to Physicists in 2024 and I would be very disappointed if they issue award to Physicists in 2025....the main reason is that the community of Physics including experimental physics cannot make me feel that they are honest all the time.
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As for gravational wave theory of GTR, it is just impossible for the speed of gravity to be the same as speed of light.....How can anyone suppose that the gravitational force of earth from the Sun at this VERY moment was calculated 8 minutes ago? That would cause earth to rotate like crazy for the least!
Rongqing Dai?, I have a different understanding of the point that you are making. Firstly the name gravitational wave is not a good one because really it is a space distortion wave which happens to be caused by the interaction of two large masses in the case of the neutron star merger. I don’t thing of the gravitational force propagating from the Sun like a wave. Instead I think of the effect of the Sun in curving space to be effective at a distance so that the Earth is directly affected by that local space curvature.
Richard Lewis?, Unfortunately, GTR is not a game of wordplay and it only offers one type of gravitational wave.....in order to have the excitement of measuring whatever from afar by whatever monster objects, you have to accept that the interaction between ANY TWO masses is transferred by the so-called gravitational wave since GTR does not offer you any other mechanism for that transfer......
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So you cannot turn on the gravitational wave when you want to enjoy the remote collision and then turn it off when you think about the gravity between Sun and Earth....
Rongqing Dai?, But that is not the way that the effect of mass operates in reality according to the general theory of relativity. The mass of the Sun curves space and time and that effect diminishes with distance as an inverse square law. The individual atoms in the Earth each detect this space and time curvature and this results in an acceleration towards the Sun. There is no gravitational wave involved.
Richard Lewis?, Richard, you just exposed the TYPICAL RELATIVSTIC SYMPTOM: in order to defend relativity, you have to abandon relativity.....
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In your defense you obviously forgot the basic principle of relativity: The Sun is nothing special compared with the Earth....We do not need to take the Sun as the center of the reference....we can take the Earth as the center of the reference.....So from the center of Earth now we see every moment the Sun moves aways from its previous position so that the curvature of the space where the Earth locates has to sense the movement of the Sun away from it in order to "calculate" the new curvature.....However, according to GTR, it will take 8 minutes for the space where the Earth locates to sense the movement of the Sun and thus to calculate the "New" curvature.
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相关链接：
[[1]] Lewis, R. (2025). Discussion. URL: https://www.academia.edu/community/V9aJwQ
[[2]]Dai, R. (2025). Speed of Gravity Cannot Equal To Speed of Light. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/388401292_Speed_of_Gravity_Cannot_Equal_To_Speed_of_Light
【[3]】戴榕菁（2025）将真理进行削体适衣的地球文明
Carl G Grimes
1d
?Rongqing Dai? I think everyone is conflating wave propagation speed with gravity's reactive influence. What we register at LIGO is not gravity. Gravity is a constant emergent force that does not travel at any speed. It is the glue that holds the universe together.
Imagine a bowl of jello, where the jello is gravity. Then you disturb the jello/gravity causing a wave to propagate through the jello/gravity. Did the effects of gravity's influence change? No, the gravity/jello remained constant.
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I have several papers on gravity.
Rongqing Dai
23h
?Carl G Grimes? It is not everyone conflating anything, it is GTR that does not offer any other mechanism for the propagation of the change of gravity except for the propagation of the change of curvature of spacetime while claiming that any change cannot propagate faster than the speed of light.....
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You can defend whatever you want, but you should not assume everyone else in the world are all stupid or all should be fooled by you only for your own benefit....If anyone tries to pretect their own interest at the cost of corporate humanity, that person is practically the enemy of the whole earth civilization...The following link tells you what is wrong with GTR in terms of gravity speed:
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https://www.academia.edu/s/bbd87dca29?source=link
Carl G Grimes
5h
?Rongqing Dai? Hi, I think you may have missed my point, and I didn't call anyone stupid. I was talking about the cosmological community and people in general. Secondly, I am not defending any other concepts except my own. I have no corporate affiliation or any other interest to be beholding to. I am just an old, retired person with a theory. Period!
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Gravity is not a force; it is a result of the wave interaction of all matter in motion/vibrating. There is no gravity force to travel anywhere and what LIGO is measuring is a disturbance of the matter that exists in the universe, because of an energetic event. Any energy waves propagating through the universe/field, will create a condition from which a gravitational effect emerges. There is no force that is reaching out to attract other matter.
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Maybe this paper will help explain my position a little better.
??Mathmatics of gravity?
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AI review below, most of the suggestions are covered in other papers. This paper is but a piece of the complete theory that spans over 100 pages. AI does not have access to it all at one time, so it does not know some context conditions.
https://www.academia.edu/ai_review?attachment_id=123562397
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Rongqing Dai
just now
?Carl G Grimes? 1) Cosmology uses physics instead of the reverse. Cosmology uses gravitational wave for their purposes does not mean physics only applies to cosmology without the need of applying to objects on earth;
2) It is very strnage that when people defend relativities they often forgot what relativity principles or openly against relativity principles....You said gravity is not a force, so what? Does the curvature of spacetime change when a massive object left? If the curvature of spacetime changes, can remote objects instantly sense the change? If you claim object can instantly sense the change of curvature of spacetime when a massive body left, then you are violating relativity principles because relativity is firmly against the instant propagation of information!
3) Once again, relativistic scholars always conflict with their own theories when defending relativities...the undertone of this can only be interpreted as that they assume they can stand above logic so that whatever they say is correct even if it is illogical!
https://www.academia.edu/s/bbd87dca29?source=link