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《宋氏快译》快讯（英汉对照）（11）：投原子弹飞行员辞世（全文）
Pilot of plane that dropped A-bomb dies
By JULIE CARR SMYTH, Associated Press Writer
驾机投掷原子弹飞行员辞世
美联社记者 朱利叶。卡尔。斯密斯 撰文 宋德利 译
COLUMBUS, Ohio - Paul Tibbets, who piloted the B-29 bomber Enola Gay that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, died Thursday. He was 92 and insisted for six decades after the war that he had no regrets about the mission and slept just fine at night.
科伦拜-俄亥俄 -
驾驶B-29 型“埃诺拉•盖伊”号轰炸机在日本广岛投掷原子弹的帕尔。蒂贝茨，周四辞世，享年92岁。战后以来的六十多年里，他一直坚持不为那次使命后悔，晚上睡觉高枕无忧。
Tibbets died at his Columbus home. He suffered from a variety of health problems and had been in decline for two months.
帕尔。蒂贝茨在科伦拜自己家中故去。他生前为多种健康问题所困扰，近几个月来每况愈下。
Tibbets had requested no funeral and no headstone, fearing it would provide his detractors with a place to protest, said Gerry Newhouse, a longtime friend.
帕尔。蒂贝茨要求不举行葬礼，不立墓碑，怕的是这将为他的诋毁者提供一个抗议的地点，一位多年好友格里。纽豪斯如是说。
Tibbets' historic mission in the plane named for his mother marked the beginning of the end of World War II and eliminated the need for what military planners feared would have been an extraordinarily bloody invasion of Japan. It was the first use of a nuclear weapon in wartime.
帕尔。蒂贝茨驾驶的飞机为其母亲才这样命名，其驾机执行的历史使命不仅标志着二战末日的来临，也消除了军事策划者们的忧虑，（不然）他们总担心那次行动将会被认为是对日本极其血腥的侵略。
The plane and its crew of 14 dropped the five-ton "Little Boy" bomb on the morning of Aug. 6, 1945. The blast killed 70,000 to 100,000 people and injured countless others.
那架飞机及其14名机组成员于1945年8月6日早晨投掷了那颗五吨重，名为“小男孩”的炸弹。爆炸导致70，000至100，000人丧生，受伤者则不计其数。
Three days later, the United States dropped a second nuclear bomb on Nagasaki, Japan, killing an estimated 40,000 people. Tibbets did not fly in that mission. The Japanese surrendered a few days later, ending the war.
三天之后，美国又在日本长崎投掷了第二颗原子弹，导致40，000人丧生。蒂贝茨没有执行那次飞行任务。几天之后，日本人投降，从而结束了战争。
"I knew when I got the assignment it was going to be an emotional thing," Tibbets told The Columbus Dispatch for a story published on the 60th anniversary of the bombing. "We had feelings, but we had to put them in the background. We knew it was going to kill people right and left. But my one driving interest was to do the best job I could so that we could end the killing as quickly as possible."
“我知道我接受了任务就将是面临情感问题，” 《科伦拜快报》在轰炸60周年纪念那天发表一段相关的故事，蒂帕茨对这家报社说。“我们有情感，但是必须把它放入时代背景中。我们知道那无论如何也将会杀人的。但是我最感兴趣的一点就是尽我所能地把事情做好，以便我们尽快结束这次杀伤计划。”
Morris Jeppson, the officer who armed the bomb during the Hiroshima flight, said Tibbets was energetic, well-respected and "hard-nosed."
广岛飞行任务中负责开启炸弹保险的军官莫里斯。杰普森表示，蒂贝茨精力旺盛，德高望重，精明而讲究实际。
"Ending the war saved a lot of U.S. armed forces and Japanese civilians and military," Jeppson said. "History has shown there was no need to criticize him."
“结束战争拯救了众多的美军将士以及日本的百姓和军人，”杰普森说。“历史已经证明没有必要批评他。”
Tibbets, then a 30-year-old colonel, never expressed regret over his role. He said it was his patriotic duty and the right thing to do.
当年30岁的上校蒂贝茨对于自己的角色从未表示过后悔。他说那是他的爱国义务和应该做的好事。
"I'm not proud that I killed 80,000 people, but I'm proud that I was able to start with nothing, plan it and have it work as perfectly as it did," he said in a 1975 interview.
“我并不为杀害了80，000人感到骄傲，但是令我感到骄傲的是我能够白手起家，而且还能为此做出计划，并且尽量完美地去落实，”他在1975年接受一次采访时说。
"You've got to take stock and assess the situation at that time. We were at war. ... You use anything at your disposal."
“那个时候你不得不对形势做出估计。我们是处在战争时期。-- 任何东西都由你自由支配使用。”
He added: "I sleep clearly every night."
他补充道：“每天晚上我都睡得问心无愧。”
Tibbets took quiet pride in the job he had done, said journalist Bob Greene, who wrote the Tibbets biography, "Duty: A Father, His Son, and the Man Who Won the War."
蒂贝茨为自己所做的工作感到相当的骄傲，写过蒂贝茨传记《一位父亲，他的儿子以及赢得战争的男人》的记者鲍勃。格林这样说。
"He said, 'What they needed was someone who could do this and not flinch — and that was me,'" Greene said.
“他说：‘他们需要一个能够做这件事，而不是畏缩不前的人 – 而那个人就是我，’”格林说。
Paul Warfield Tibbets Jr. was born Feb. 23, 1915, in Quincy, Ill., and spent most of his boyhood in Miami.
小帕尔。沃菲尔德。蒂贝茨于1915年2月23日出生在伊利诺斯州的奎因斯，但孩提时代大部分时间是在迈阿密度过的。
He was a student at the University of Cincinnati's medical school when he decided to withdraw in 1937 to enlist in the Army Air Corps.
他在1937年辍学参加空军时，还是辛辛那提医科学校的一名学生。
After the war, Tibbets said in 2005, he was dogged by rumors claiming he was in prison or had committed suicide.
蒂贝茨2005年说，战后他一直被谣言困扰，传说他锒铛入狱或自杀身亡。
"They said I was crazy, said I was a drunkard, in and out of institutions," he said. "At the time, I was running the National Crisis Center at the Pentagon."
“他们说我疯了，说我是个酒鬼，是医院的常客，”他说。“当时，我正在五角大楼主持国家危机中心的工作。”
Tibbets retired from the Air Force as a brigadier general in 1966. He later moved to Columbus, where he ran an air taxi service until he retired in 1985.
蒂帕茨1966年以准将军衔退役。之后他搬迁到科伦拜，他在那里开办一家空中的士服务中心，直到1985年退休。
The National Aviation Hall of Fame in Dayton plans a photographic tribute to Tibbets, who was inducted in 1996.
俄亥俄州代顿市的全国航空名人堂计划以照片形式对蒂贝茨表示敬意，1996年他已被名人堂载入史册。
"There are few in the history of mankind that have been called to figuratively carry as much weight on their shoulders as Paul Tibbets," director Ron Kaplan said in a statement. "Even fewer were able to do so with a sense of honor and duty to their countrymen as did Paul."
“人类历史上很少有人能像蒂贝茨那样被征召去象征性地承担如此重大的责任，”（名人堂）董事长朗。卡普兰在一份声明中说。“能够像帕尔那样带着一种荣誉感和对自己国人的义务感这样做的人，那就更少了。”
Tibbets' role in the bombing brought him fame — and infamy — throughout his life.
蒂贝茨在轰炸中扮演的角色在他一生中给他带来的既有美誉 – 也有恶名。
In 1976, he was criticized for re-enacting the bombing during an appearance at a Harlingen, Texas, air show. As he flew a B-29 Superfortress over the show, a bomb set off on the runway below created a mushroom cloud.
1976年，他因为在得州哈林根举办的一次航空展上露面，并重新演示轰炸动作而遭到批评。当他驾驶一架B-29型“超级堡垒”号在空展上方飞过时，一枚炸弹投掷到跑道上，生成一团蘑菇云。
He said the display "was not intended to insult anybody," but the Japanese were outraged. The U.S. government later issued a formal apology.
他说那次展示“无意侮辱任何人，”但是日本人却大发雷霆之怒。后来美国政府还就此发表一份正式道歉声明。
Tibbets again defended the bombing in 1995, when an outcry erupted over a planned 50th anniversary exhibit of the Enola Gay at the Smithsonian Institution.
1995年在史密斯索尼亚学院曾经为“埃诺拉•盖伊”号轰炸机举办一次问世50周年纪念展，蒂贝茨再次为那次轰炸辩护，当时就引起一片抗议的呐喊。
The museum had planned to mount an exhibit that would have examined the context of the bombing, including the discussion within the Truman administration of whether to use the bomb, the rejection of a demonstration bombing and the selection of the target.
博物馆已经计划设立一个展台，以审视轰炸事件的来龙去脉，包括杜鲁门政府内部讨论的问题，诸如，是否使用炸弹，否决轰炸演示和目标的选择。
Veterans groups objected, saying the proposed display paid too much attention to Japan's suffering and too little to Japan's brutality during and before World War II, and that it underestimated the number of Americans who would have perished in an invasion.
老兵组都表示反对，说建议中的演练对二战之前和二战期间日本的痛苦注意过多，而对日本的残忍注意过少，还说这样做低估了在一次入侵行动中美国人死亡的数量。
They said the bombing of Japan was an unmitigated blessing for the United States and the exhibit should say so.
他们说对日本的轰炸对美国来说是一种货真价实的祝福，而展览应该提到这一点。
Tibbets denounced it as "a damn big insult."
蒂贝茨则将其痛斥为“一种天大的耻辱。”
The museum changed its plan and agreed to display the fuselage of the Enola Gay without commentary, context or analysis.
博物馆改变了它的计划，同意只展示“埃诺拉•盖伊”号轰炸机的机身，既不加评论，也不讲述来龙去脉，更不做分析。
He told the Dispatch in 2005 that he wanted his ashes scattered over the English Channel, where he loved to fly during the war.
2005年，他告诉《快报》，他想让自己的骨灰撒在英吉利海峡上，战争年代他喜欢在那里飞行。
Newhouse confirmed that Tibbets wanted to be cremated, but he said relatives had not yet determined how he would be laid to rest.
纽豪斯证实，蒂贝茨想火化，但是他说亲属们还没有决定他将如何安息。
Tibbets is survived by his wife, Andrea, and three sons — Paul, Gene and James — as well as a number of grandchildren and great-grandchildren. A grandson named after Tibbets followed his grandfather into the military as a B-2 bomber pilot currently stationed in Belgium.
蒂贝茨身后撇下遗孀安德丽和三个儿子 – 帕尔、基尼和詹姆斯 – 以及一堆孙辈和重孙辈。其中一个取名蒂帕茨的孙子追随祖父参军，成为一名B-2 型轰炸机飞行员，目前驻扎在比利时。
Pilot of plane that dropped A-bomb dies
By JULIE CARR SMYTH, Associated Press Writer
驾机投掷原子弹飞行员辞世
美联社记者 朱利叶。卡尔。斯密斯 撰文 宋德利 译
COLUMBUS, Ohio - Paul Tibbets, who piloted the B-29 bomber Enola Gay that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, died Thursday. He was 92 and insisted for six decades after the war that he had no regrets about the mission and slept just fine at night.
科伦拜-俄亥俄 -
驾驶B-29 型“埃诺拉•盖伊”号轰炸机在日本广岛投掷原子弹的帕尔。蒂贝茨，周四辞世，享年92岁。战后以来的六十多年里，他一直坚持不为那次使命后悔，晚上睡觉高枕无忧。
Tibbets died at his Columbus home. He suffered from a variety of health problems and had been in decline for two months.
帕尔。蒂贝茨在科伦拜自己家中故去。他生前为多种健康问题所困扰，近几个月来每况愈下。
Tibbets had requested no funeral and no headstone, fearing it would provide his detractors with a place to protest, said Gerry Newhouse, a longtime friend.
帕尔。蒂贝茨要求不举行葬礼，不立墓碑，怕的是这将为他的诋毁者提供一个抗议的地点，一位多年好友格里。纽豪斯如是说。
Tibbets' historic mission in the plane named for his mother marked the beginning of the end of World War II and eliminated the need for what military planners feared would have been an extraordinarily bloody invasion of Japan. It was the first use of a nuclear weapon in wartime.
帕尔。蒂贝茨驾驶的飞机为其母亲才这样命名，其驾机执行的历史使命不仅标志着二战末日的来临，也消除了军事策划者们的忧虑，（不然）他们总担心那次行动将会被认为是对日本极其血腥的侵略。
The plane and its crew of 14 dropped the five-ton "Little Boy" bomb on the morning of Aug. 6, 1945. The blast killed 70,000 to 100,000 people and injured countless others.
那架飞机及其14名机组成员于1945年8月6日早晨投掷了那颗五吨重，名为“小男孩”的炸弹。爆炸导致70，000至100，000人丧生，受伤者则不计其数。
Three days later, the United States dropped a second nuclear bomb on Nagasaki, Japan, killing an estimated 40,000 people. Tibbets did not fly in that mission. The Japanese surrendered a few days later, ending the war.
三天之后，美国又在日本长崎投掷了第二颗原子弹，导致40，000人丧生。蒂贝茨没有执行那次飞行任务。几天之后，日本人投降，从而结束了战争。
"I knew when I got the assignment it was going to be an emotional thing," Tibbets told The Columbus Dispatch for a story published on the 60th anniversary of the bombing. "We had feelings, but we had to put them in the background. We knew it was going to kill people right and left. But my one driving interest was to do the best job I could so that we could end the killing as quickly as possible."
“我知道我接受了任务就将是面临情感问题，” 《科伦拜快报》在轰炸60周年纪念那天发表一段相关的故事，蒂帕茨对这家报社说。“我们有情感，但是必须把它放入时代背景中。我们知道那无论如何也将会杀人的。但是我最感兴趣的一点就是尽我所能地把事情做好，以便我们尽快结束这次杀伤计划。”
Morris Jeppson, the officer who armed the bomb during the Hiroshima flight, said Tibbets was energetic, well-respected and "hard-nosed."
广岛飞行任务中负责开启炸弹保险的军官莫里斯。杰普森表示，蒂贝茨精力旺盛，德高望重，精明而讲究实际。
"Ending the war saved a lot of U.S. armed forces and Japanese civilians and military," Jeppson said. "History has shown there was no need to criticize him."
“结束战争拯救了众多的美军将士以及日本的百姓和军人，”杰普森说。“历史已经证明没有必要批评他。”
Tibbets, then a 30-year-old colonel, never expressed regret over his role. He said it was his patriotic duty and the right thing to do.
当年30岁的上校蒂贝茨对于自己的角色从未表示过后悔。他说那是他的爱国义务和应该做的好事。
"I'm not proud that I killed 80,000 people, but I'm proud that I was able to start with nothing, plan it and have it work as perfectly as it did," he said in a 1975 interview.
“我并不为杀害了80，000人感到骄傲，但是令我感到骄傲的是我能够白手起家，而且还能为此做出计划，并且尽量完美地去落实，”他在1975年接受一次采访时说。
"You've got to take stock and assess the situation at that time. We were at war. ... You use anything at your disposal."
“那个时候你不得不对形势做出估计。我们是处在战争时期。-- 任何东西都由你自由支配使用。”
He added: "I sleep clearly every night."
他补充道：“每天晚上我都睡得问心无愧。”
Tibbets took quiet pride in the job he had done, said journalist Bob Greene, who wrote the Tibbets biography, "Duty: A Father, His Son, and the Man Who Won the War."
蒂贝茨为自己所做的工作感到相当的骄傲，写过蒂贝茨传记《一位父亲，他的儿子以及赢得战争的男人》的记者鲍勃。格林这样说。
"He said, 'What they needed was someone who could do this and not flinch — and that was me,'" Greene said.
“他说：‘他们需要一个能够做这件事，而不是畏缩不前的人 – 而那个人就是我，’”格林说。
Paul Warfield Tibbets Jr. was born Feb. 23, 1915, in Quincy, Ill., and spent most of his boyhood in Miami.
小帕尔。沃菲尔德。蒂贝茨于1915年2月23日出生在伊利诺斯州的奎因斯，但孩提时代大部分时间是在迈阿密度过的。
He was a student at the University of Cincinnati's medical school when he decided to withdraw in 1937 to enlist in the Army Air Corps.
他在1937年辍学参加空军时，还是辛辛那提医科学校的一名学生。
After the war, Tibbets said in 2005, he was dogged by rumors claiming he was in prison or had committed suicide.
蒂贝茨2005年说，战后他一直被谣言困扰，传说他锒铛入狱或自杀身亡。
"They said I was crazy, said I was a drunkard, in and out of institutions," he said. "At the time, I was running the National Crisis Center at the Pentagon."
“他们说我疯了，说我是个酒鬼，是医院的常客，”他说。“当时，我正在五角大楼主持国家危机中心的工作。”
Tibbets retired from the Air Force as a brigadier general in 1966. He later moved to Columbus, where he ran an air taxi service until he retired in 1985.
蒂帕茨1966年以准将军衔退役。之后他搬迁到科伦拜，他在那里开办一家空中的士服务中心，直到1985年退休。
The National Aviation Hall of Fame in Dayton plans a photographic tribute to Tibbets, who was inducted in 1996.
俄亥俄州代顿市的全国航空名人堂计划以照片形式对蒂贝茨表示敬意，1996年他已被名人堂载入史册。
"There are few in the history of mankind that have been called to figuratively carry as much weight on their shoulders as Paul Tibbets," director Ron Kaplan said in a statement. "Even fewer were able to do so with a sense of honor and duty to their countrymen as did Paul."
“人类历史上很少有人能像蒂贝茨那样被征召去象征性地承担如此重大的责任，”（名人堂）董事长朗。卡普兰在一份声明中说。“能够像帕尔那样带着一种荣誉感和对自己国人的义务感这样做的人，那就更少了。”
Tibbets' role in the bombing brought him fame — and infamy — throughout his life.
蒂贝茨在轰炸中扮演的角色在他一生中给他带来的既有美誉 – 也有恶名。
In 1976, he was criticized for re-enacting the bombing during an appearance at a Harlingen, Texas, air show. As he flew a B-29 Superfortress over the show, a bomb set off on the runway below created a mushroom cloud.
1976年，他因为在得州哈林根举办的一次航空展上露面，并重新演示轰炸动作而遭到批评。当他驾驶一架B-29型“超级堡垒”号在空展上方飞过时，一枚炸弹投掷到跑道上，生成一团蘑菇云。
He said the display "was not intended to insult anybody," but the Japanese were outraged. The U.S. government later issued a formal apology.
他说那次展示“无意侮辱任何人，”但是日本人却大发雷霆之怒。后来美国政府还就此发表一份正式道歉声明。
Tibbets again defended the bombing in 1995, when an outcry erupted over a planned 50th anniversary exhibit of the Enola Gay at the Smithsonian Institution.
1995年在史密斯索尼亚学院曾经为“埃诺拉•盖伊”号轰炸机举办一次问世50周年纪念展，蒂贝茨再次为那次轰炸辩护，当时就引起一片抗议的呐喊。
The museum had planned to mount an exhibit that would have examined the context of the bombing, including the discussion within the Truman administration of whether to use the bomb, the rejection of a demonstration bombing and the selection of the target.
博物馆已经计划设立一个展台，以审视轰炸事件的来龙去脉，包括杜鲁门政府内部讨论的问题，诸如，是否使用炸弹，否决轰炸演示和目标的选择。
Veterans groups objected, saying the proposed display paid too much attention to Japan's suffering and too little to Japan's brutality during and before World War II, and that it underestimated the number of Americans who would have perished in an invasion.
老兵组都表示反对，说建议中的演练对二战之前和二战期间日本的痛苦注意过多，而对日本的残忍注意过少，还说这样做低估了在一次入侵行动中美国人死亡的数量。
They said the bombing of Japan was an unmitigated blessing for the United States and the exhibit should say so.
他们说对日本的轰炸对美国来说是一种货真价实的祝福，而展览应该提到这一点。
Tibbets denounced it as "a damn big insult."
蒂贝茨则将其痛斥为“一种天大的耻辱。”
The museum changed its plan and agreed to display the fuselage of the Enola Gay without commentary, context or analysis.
博物馆改变了它的计划，同意只展示“埃诺拉•盖伊”号轰炸机的机身，既不加评论，也不讲述来龙去脉，更不做分析。
He told the Dispatch in 2005 that he wanted his ashes scattered over the English Channel, where he loved to fly during the war.
2005年，他告诉《快报》，他想让自己的骨灰撒在英吉利海峡上，战争年代他喜欢在那里飞行。
Newhouse confirmed that Tibbets wanted to be cremated, but he said relatives had not yet determined how he would be laid to rest.
纽豪斯证实，蒂贝茨想火化，但是他说亲属们还没有决定他将如何安息。
Tibbets is survived by his wife, Andrea, and three sons — Paul, Gene and James — as well as a number of grandchildren and great-grandchildren. A grandson named after Tibbets followed his grandfather into the military as a B-2 bomber pilot currently stationed in Belgium.
蒂贝茨身后撇下遗孀安德丽和三个儿子 – 帕尔、基尼和詹姆斯 – 以及一堆孙辈和重孙辈。其中一个取名蒂帕茨的孙子追随祖父参军，成为一名B-2 型轰炸机飞行员，目前驻扎在比利时。
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