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克里斯蒂亚·弗里兰：自由民主国家正在“被愤怒的民粹主义政客劫持”
https://dailyhive.com/vancouver/chrystia-freeland-minister-foreign-affairs-canada
加拿大外交部长克里斯蒂亚·弗里兰（Eric Zimmer / Daily Hive）
克里斯蒂亚·弗里兰 (Chrystia Freeland) 表示，自 2015 年成为加拿大外交部长以来，仅仅四年后的今天，世界发生了如此大的变化，这让她“震惊”。
“国际范式已经改变，我们需要采取不同的行为方式，”她在本周接受 Daily Hive 采访时表示。
虽然她认为，作为加拿大人，“我们的原则和价值观是完全相同的”，但她也认为现在是“采取不同方法的时候了，因为威胁是不同的”。
随着自由党在上周日公布了其纲领，以及几周后的联邦选举，弗里兰表示，该党外交政策的“中心主题”是“反击这些威胁”，以建立基于规则的国际秩序和自由主义国家。 民主。
虽然这听起来有些戏剧性，但弗里兰很认真地希望让大家认识到这项政策的重要性。
“我认为我们确实需要认真对待整个自由民主理念所面临的威胁，”她继续说道。
而且这也不一定是“来自威权政权等试图破坏自由民主的外部威胁”。
相反，弗里兰说，“怀疑在自由民主内部蔓延……自由民主正在变成完全两极分化的社会，分为这些敌对甚至交战的部落，他们无法相互交谈，而社会则被愤怒的人劫持”。 民粹主义政客。”
弗里兰说，这个主题存在于她所谓的“不快乐的自由民主国家”，其中“细节可能是独特的，但基本的故事情节是相同的。”
她继续说道，所发生的情况是，“中产阶级被掏空了，有相当一部分人感到被剥夺了权利、被剥夺了权利，甚至与国家的治理方式隔绝了。”
她说，他那部分“被剥夺了公民权”的人口“为不负责任的政客提供了动力，让他们去找他们，将这种挫败感转化为炽热的民粹主义愤怒。”
虽然她相信加拿大是世界上“最聪明的自由民主国家”，但政府的“最大使命”以及“所有加拿大人都应该有的使命”就是不让她所描述的情况成为现实 在加拿大，她说。
她说：“我认为，我们与志同道合的国家一起，在这段时间学到的是，如果我们将拥有共同观点并共同努力的国家联盟聚集在一起，我们就能发挥最大的作用，而加拿大在这方面非常擅长。” 。 “今天实际上没有一个超级大国，所以我认为实际上每个人都受益于基于规则的国际秩序，而且有很多国家的想法与加拿大的方式相同。”
她说：“对我来说，我们为加拿大人接种疫苗以抵御这一威胁的方式是，我们继续投资于我们的中产阶级，我们不会让我们的国家出现那些感到绝望和被抛在后面的人。”
对中产阶级的投资是自由党 2019 年选举纲领的中心主题。
“真正重要的是这个平台作为一个整体，”弗里兰说。 “具体的部分有很多，但整体大于各个部分的总和。”
她继续说，该平台“旨在对加拿大人的一些重要领域、中产阶级以及那些正在努力加入中产阶级的人进行投资，进行全方位的投资。”
在国内外
方慧兰还反思了过去四年来她担任外交部长的角色意味着什么、她所做的工作类型以及加拿大在全球舞台上扮演的角色。
“我们一直在解决许多问题，”她说。 “我们在 LGBTQ 权利平等权利联盟中发挥领导作用，加拿大仍然是《巴黎协定》以及所有这些多边组织的坚定支持者。”
她还谈到支持多边主义的“更广泛努力”，并指出这是过去四年加拿大外交政策的主题，“将是我们需要加倍努力的事情”。
弗里兰当然知道，并非所有国家都认同这种世界观。
她说：“我们还必须做好准备，当我们大声疾呼捍卫人权和基于规则的国际秩序时，有些人可能会不喜欢。” “会有国家和领导人反对，但这没关系； 这实际上意味着我们正在产生影响，人们正在注意到我们正在做的事情。”
她还谈到了她今年早些时候参与备受瞩目的北美自由贸易协定（NAFTA）重新谈判的情况，该协定现在通常被称为美国-墨西哥-加拿大（USMCA）协议，由唐纳德·特朗普总统创造。
弗里兰说：“我认为，北美自由贸易协定的否决，无论是过程还是结果，都代表了加拿大的最佳表现，而我们处理此事的方式，确实是加拿大团队的表现。” “不仅仅是我，甚至不仅仅是核心小组，还有整个议会——全国各地的所有内阁同事和总理。”
她还回忆起总理在来回过程中说过的话。
“我记得就在我们宣布对钢铁和铝关税进行报复之后——这是我们自二战以来最大的贸易行动——总理正在与内阁交谈，”她说。 “他说‘这将是我们的做法：我们不会升级，也不会退缩。’”
弗里兰说，对她来说，这是“对‘加拿大人性’的完美概括，这当然就是世界上的加拿大：我们不会升级，我们不会出去打架，但我们也不会后退 向下。”
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Chrystia Freeland: Liberal democracies are being "hijacked by angry populist politicians"
https://dailyhive.com/vancouver/chrystia-freeland-minister-foreign-affairs-canada
Since becoming Canada’s Minister of Foreign Affairs in 2015, Chrystia Freeland said it’s “striking” to her how different the world is today, just four years later.
“The international paradigm has changed, and we need to behave differently,” she said, during a sit-down interview with Daily Hive this week.
And while she believes that, as Canadians, “our principles and our value are exactly the same,” she also believes now is the time to “take different approaches, because the threats are different.”
And with the Liberal Party unveiling its platform this past Sunday, and the federal election just weeks from now, Freeland said the “central theme” of the party’s foreign policy is “fighting back against these threats” to a rules-based international order and liberal democracy.
And while this may sound somewhat dramatic, Freeland is serious in her desire to drive home the importance of this policy.
“I think we do need to take seriously the threats that the whole idea of liberal democracy is facing,” she continued.
And it’s not necessarily “threats from the outside from places like authoritarian regimes trying to undermine liberal democracy,” either.
Instead, said Freeland, it’s “the doubts creeping in inside liberal democracy… liberal democracies that are becoming totally polarized societies, divided into these hostile – even warring – tribes who can’t talk to each other, and societies that have been hijacked by angry populist politicians.”
Freeland said this theme exists in what she called “unhappy liberal democracies,” where “the details may be unique but the basic storyline is the same.”
What has happened, she continued, “is the middle class has been hollowed and there is a significant group of people who feel disenfranchised, dispossessed, even cut off from how the country is being run.”
his “disenfranchised” segment of the population, she said, then “provides the fuel for an irresponsible politician to go to them and to whip that kind of frustration into red-hot populist anger.”
And while it’s her belief that Canada is “the smartest liberal democracy” in the world, the “single biggest mission” the government has, and “all Canadians should have,” is to not let a scenario like the one she describes come to fruition in Canada, she said.
“I think we’ve learned in this time — along with like-minded countries — is we can be most effective if we bring together alliances of countries that share our view and work together — and Canada is pretty good at that,” she said. “There is actually no single hyperpower today, so I think actually everyone benefits from a rules-based international order, and there are a lot of countries that think the way Canada does.”
“For me, the way we vaccinate Canadians against this threat, is we keep on investing in our middle class, and we don’t let our country have that group of people exist who feel hopeless and left behind,” she said.
“What’s really important is this platform as a whole,” said Freeland. “There are a lot of specific pieces, but the whole is even greater than the sum of its parts.”
The platform, she continued, “is about investing in Canadians in a number of essential areas, the middle class, and those who are working hard to join our middle class, with investment across the spectrum.”
At home and abroad
Freeland also reflected on what her role as foreign affairs minister has meant, the type of work she’s done, and the role that Canada has played on the global stage, over the past four years.
“We’ve been working on a number of issues,” she said. “Our leadership of the equal rights coalition on LGBTQ rights, the fact that Canada continues to be a strong supporter of the Paris Accords, all of these multi-lateral groups.”
She also spoke about a “broader effort” to support multilateralism, noting this has been a theme of Canada’s foreign policy over the last four years, and “will be something that we need to double down on.”
Freeland knows of course, that not all countries share this world view.
“We also have to be prepared for some people not to like it when we speak of up in defence of human rights, and in defence of the rules-based international order,” she said. “There will be countries and leaders who object, and that’s okay; it actually means that we’re having an impact and people are noticing what we’re doing.”
She also spoke about her involvement with the high-profile renegotiation of NAFTA — now popularly referred to as the US-Mexico-Canada (USMCA) agreement, as coined by President Donald Trump — earlier this year.
“The NAFTA negation, both the process and the outcome, I think, represent Canada out our best, and the way we approached it, was really as team Canada,” said Freeland. “It wasn’t just me or even just the caucus, it was the whole parliament — it was all cabinet colleagues and premiers across the country.”
She also recalled something the prime minister had said during the back-and-forth process.
“I remember that right after we announced our retaliation on the steel and aluminum tariffs — which was our biggest trade action since the second world war — and the PM was talking to cabinet,” she said. “He said ‘this is going to be our approach: we do not escalate and we do not back down.'”
Freeland said that for her this was “a perfect summary of ‘Canadian-ness’ and that is certainly Canada in the world: we don’t escalate, we’re not out there looking for a fight, but we also don’t back down.”
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