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美记者和Dixie观察团在抗战时期对国共两党的观察

(2021-12-07 11:33:36) 下一个

这篇76年访谈很有点意思,美联社驻华记者Jim White 和 美军延安观察团领导 John Service (谢伟思)抗战期间在中国多年亲历,广泛接触国共双方包括高层。虽左翼观点,也是真实史料, 对那段历史有兴趣的非常值得听听,有很多一手资料

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LEVerjYGrHY

这里 (26:44)讲到在雅尔塔罗斯福把中国东北利益让给苏联, 以换取斯大林对国民党政府的支持。 当然后来共产党快速进军东北,苏联红军中下层官兵并不知道罗斯福和斯大林的秘密协定,协助中共接受日本投降,造成美苏之间的误会,

也讲到抗战中美国开始对中共持开放态度,而后来全面倒向支持国民党,美军观察团被贬黜。本来希望通过美军观察团获得美国支持的中共一度很困惑。 所以有人说啥司徒雷登留在北京, 而中共失去了和美国修好机会的,与史实不符。

这里 讲到48 49 年南京和上海的国民党政府的最后时刻包括民众心态。

下面摘录一些对国共的看法,

"Conditions in the Kuomintang area can only be described as very bad... they didn't have any system of rationing. They had a very cruel and corrupt system of conscription... the troops really supported themselves by robbing the people in the areas in which they were stationed.  (国民党腐败,抓壮丁,军队给养来自抢劫当地老百姓)

"There was tremendous inflation. This bred corruption in every sphere because it encouraged people to hoard and buy up goods which raised prices even more... it was a vicious circle, the whole life in China. (通货膨胀非常厉害, 造成全方位腐败 。。。。)

"[With the communist areas]... it was a contrast between night and day. (共产党方面完全不同。。。

"What surprised us most was the tremendous air of confidence. They had almost nothing... but the confidence that they were on the winning side was staggering. (他们什么资源都没有,但是人人都相信必胜..)

"Everyone was very friendly to everyone else - there was no sort of fancy living for anybody. There was no using of fancy titles..."

He goes on to talk about the personalities of Mao and the various Chinese generals he met at the time. 

"For someone that lived in China in the bad old days [Jack Service lived there from 1909 to 1945] the thing that strikes you now is that it is a country that is unified, it's a going concern, it's a modern state.

"This is a feeling you never got in the old China.

"This has been responsible for a whole new attitude in the people, a spirit... what's happened to China [has given] the people an air of confidence, of self-respect."

"There is a new spirit of egalitarianism - certainly the top leaders have their motor cars and live in a better house, but in dress and in manner and in approach to other people there is a surprising equality which wasn't there before.

"No one has any need to be servile or humble or obsequious. The man who waits on you in the hotel dining room... he talks to you straight and direct as man to man in a way that you would never meet in China in the old days.

"People are better clothed, better fed. No more beggars. No more poverty. Streets are clean. And so on.

"But there's a real change that's more deep than that.

"In the old days perhaps 10% of the people were literate. Today it's reversed. All the children go to school now."

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