网上看到的<我不相信她的故事:评傅苹回忆录>, 我也不相信
(2013-01-31 14:58:21)
下一个
转载者注: 我也不相信, 不能用编<白毛女>和<收租院>的方式来反对文革, 文革是不好, 但也得实事求是, 随口乱说就没劲了. 以下全是转载的.
感谢翻译的网友,原文由署名“lin”等读者以英文发表
★我不相信她的故事
作为一个中国人,我经历过那个时代。我和她有着类似的家庭,教育背景,我们都在童年经历了文化大革命的磨难。我认为她大多数(如果不是全部的)在中国的经历是伪造的,想象的,过度夸大和故意误导。如果一个人只看了媒体对她书的报道,他/她也许会认为媒体不过选取了书里轰动性的部分再夸张一点好帮助她卖书。不是的,不是这样的。她整本书从头到尾都是撒谎,即使是那些细小的细节也不例外。我很惊奇她够胆敢在如此受公众瞩目的书里撒这么明显的谎言。这里是一些那个时期中国的社会和文化背景:在传统中国儒家社会里,孩子被认为是父母的财产。父母对孩子有着绝对的权利,包括虐待和卖孩子的权力。
自从毛领导的共产党夺取政权之后,父母不能卖孩子了,但是其他的权力仍然被尊重,包括养父母对孩子的权力(如果过程合法且文件完整)。文化大革命没有改变这些。在文革期间,很多政府官员,高校老师,教授们和知识分子被迫害和受监禁。我的父母就是那些人中的一员,就像傅苹父母一样(如果她说的是真的话)。曾经有这么一段时间我父母都处于监禁中,但他们安排亲朋好友照顾我,我有的时候也住在一个寄宿学校。
我很多亲戚和很多类似处境的人们的孩子和我都有差不多的经历。我从未听说过哪家孩子被政府带走,这简直匪夷所思。没人,包括政府可以把别人的孩子带走。没有什么社会福利机构能干这活或者收容这样的孩子。这样的机构必然要花钱,中国那时候很穷,孩子们是个负担。 红卫兵是“革命家”,他们忙着批判和迫害像我父母(或者傅苹女士父母)这样的人,或者忙着内斗。他们不在乎小孩,更没兴趣照顾小孩。像我们这样的小孩无人过问,虽然在学校和社会上常受歧视。文革之后,很多中国人写文章回忆文革中的经历,大多数故事多多少少和我的经历差不多,我从未听说过傅苹女士书中所说的儿童集中营。
傅苹女士作为一个儿童的经历听上去不可能,和那个时候的很多事情也对不上。中国的性文化背景和西方完全不同。在八十年代之前,中国在性方面非常保守。年轻人在遇到要结婚的对象之前对性非常无知,一般也没什么性经验。人民甚至也不谈论或者拿性话题开玩笑。年轻人的强奸事件非常少见,特别是在城市里,几十年前强奸可是非常严重的罪行。年轻人强奸或者性侵犯儿童更为罕见。集团轮奸闻所未闻。我在二十多年在中国的生活中,唯一一次听说的轮奸时间是八十年代外国人干的。红卫兵是“革命者”,不是街头混混或者强奸犯,他们也许会打人迫害别人,但是他们不强奸。
在媒体采访里,她说她10岁的时候被一群年轻的红卫兵轮奸(在书里她说被一群十几岁的男孩在大学校园里光天化日之下轮奸),因为她试图去救她的小妹妹,这简直是无法想像。如此有违于中国的性文化,中国人的思维方式,特别是不符合红卫兵的思维和行为方式。大多数地方的学校在1968年重新开门,即使是对我这种父母被迫害的孩子们来说也是免费的。南京是中国最大的城市之一,我实在想象不出傅苹为什么无法去学校。而且在七十年代,大多数高中毕业生必须被“上山下乡”,留在城市很难。七十年代工厂的工作被认为是很好的工作很难得到。很多人得行贿或者利用关系才能给他们的孩子找到一份工厂里的工厂。
工厂不接受未毕业的孩子做工。学校倒是可能会组织孩子去工厂实习积累经验,我初中就做过。傅苹“在中国最大的城市之一里因为在工厂里做工因而不能去学校”的故事完全不可能是真的。中国的大学在1966年和1976年之间没有招收任何高中毕业生。文革之后第一次高考在1977年。任何一个在1966年1976年之间毕业的高中生都可以参加考试。为了那几个有限的大学席位的竞争可以说是白热化。八十年代早期之后只有应届毕业生才能参加高考,只有4%的考生才能进高校。所以你可以想象77年高考的竞争能有多激烈,复习材料和书籍非常稀缺,既没被父母抚养也没上过学的傅苹女士能在1977年考进大学,她真的是一个超人。所以的中国大学生得上四年大学英语,超人傅苹女士在毕业之后一年到美国的时候只会说三个词:谢谢,你好,帮助。饶了我吧。
中国的“独生子女”政策在1980年晚些时候才正式开始。那年傅苹女士不过是大三学生。作为一个在城里长大的孩子,居然想起来要把一个因为政府刚刚实施的政策而导致在乡村杀死女婴的问题作为毕业论文,听起来不大可能。中国的“独生子女“政策和强迫堕胎问题直到九十年代初才引起国际社会的注意。在文化大革命之后,中国政府也不大因为政治原因逮捕人了,除了一些个例。八十年代早期我的一些大学同学做了些更有影响和更不能为政府接受的事情,也不过有些麻烦,也没有被逮捕或者监禁。 八十年代中国仍然很穷。超声波是很少见,很昂贵的医疗仪器。即使在北京或者上海最好的医院里,超声波检查也不是孕妇常做的检查。
人们也不知道超声波检查可以鉴别胎儿性别。我不知道傅苹女士如何能在1980-1981年发现农村里存在预知胎儿性别而强迫堕胎女婴的现象的。而且八十年代初期中美还处于蜜月中。那时候中国可不像今天这么被批评和被妖魔化。中美两国实际上某种联盟共同对抗苏联。直到九十年代之前中国也不大驱逐异见人士。即使是在驱逐之前,两国政府往往进行紧张的谈判。美国可不什么接受什么无名之辈,美国只接受著名的异见人士。傅苹女士只不过是个无名之辈,也没人听说过她。她1982年春天从大学毕业,1983年来美(有的报道说1982年)。在这短短的一年里,她的毕业论文登在媒体上,被国内外所关注(我当时就在中国,我从未听说过这个故事),她被中国政府监禁,被驱逐到美国。无论中国还是美国政府都没这么高效率。
中国媒体在八十年代初更无什么自由来报道这种新闻,就是不可能。所以整个因为毕业论文被监禁驱逐到美国的故事与那个时代一切因素抵触。儿童士兵。我不知道傅苹所在的这个“儿童士兵”是什么。在中国没有所谓的“儿童士兵”。文革期间,军队士兵拥有最高的社会等级,收入也相对较高。即使是高中生参军也很难。唯一我所知道的“儿童士兵”是那些因为有特殊的“孩子”:比如说唱歌,跳舞,演奏乐器或者表演。他们是作为文艺兵参军的,他们在部队文艺部门里学习,被培训。那些孩子被认为极其幸运,多有人都羡慕他们。如果我们能从这本书里学习到任何东西,那就是一个人能如此明目张胆地撒谎。也许这也是她在美国成功的秘诀。无辜的美国民众被迫通过这些谎言来了解中国,文革和中国人民实在是太糟糕了。
补充说明我最初的读者评论写于一月二十二日,在我听了NPR的新闻之后。评论基于她的维基页面,NPR和其它媒体对她书的报道和一些读者在亚马逊上对她书的评价。我上个星期读了她的书,在我写了最初的评论之后。我附近的图书馆里有这本书。附近一家BN(巴诺)书店把她的书放在显著的位置(我一毛钱也不会花在她书上),看起来这本书马上就要成为最畅销书的样子。今天我打电话给BN(巴诺)书店建议他们把该书撤出书架。他们不应当把彻头彻底的谎言以二十七点九五美元卖给不明的顾客。
我敦促大家都采取同样的行动。 傅苹本人在我的读者评论上留言希望和我直接通过电子邮件对话。她认为她可以回答大多数我的问题。我对傅苹女士的建议是:她应当对大众回答这些问题,要么在亚马逊的作者领域或者其他办法。和我私下交流毫无意义。这本书对我而言读起来非常困难,因为这本书从头到尾每页都是彻头彻底的谎言。以下是三个最大的谎言仅见于书中:在书的一开始,她声称1966年的一天,红卫兵到她父母上海的家中命令她的兄弟们和他们走。她的兄弟们被“上山下乡”(她的原话)。任何知道那段中国历史的人都知道把年轻人送去上山下乡是从1969年开始,而不是1966年,是毛在1968年12月份鼓励年轻人去农村接受再教育。红卫兵把人从家里搞出来打发到农村去不是年轻人被送到农村去的途径。
她声称,1982年在宣布“独生子女”政策之后,她学校的官员强迫所有女学生交出卫生护垫以检查她们的月经期。当一些女孩把她们朋友的卫生护垫交出去之后,官员用手指插入“我们的阴道”检查是否有出血。(是的,她用了“我们”一词)。我不禁想,什么人有这么变态的心理来编造这样离谱的谣言。并且她也许忘了1982年的时候市场上可没有卫生护垫卖,城市里的妇女使用卫生纸来对付月经。她说1982年秋季她在校园里漫步准备毕业(她忘记了77年高考的人应当82年春天就毕业了,78年高考的人才是82年秋季毕业)。一个人偷偷接近她,拿一个黑头套套在她头上,把她带到未知的场所将她逮捕。政府为啥要这么秘密地逮捕她?
很多人回应我的读者评论给我发了一张她年轻时照片的链接,链接来自于推销她和她的公司的网页。在那张照片了,傅苹和一群小孩戴着红卫兵袖章站在红卫兵旗帜下(意味着他们都是红卫兵)。但傅苹声称他们是”文革期间被迫生活在政府宿舍里的小孩“。亚马逊的顾客Z Li回应了我的读者评论,提供了一个傅苹2010接收NPR采访的链接。在那个采访里,几乎每个从她嘴里说出关于中国的话都是离谱的谎言。
★用中国人的苦难敛财
“弯而不折”,作为一本扭曲事实的图书的名称真是再合适不过了!你可以扭曲事实,但你永远无法破坏真相。我和这里的所有读者一样厌恶文革,但是傅萍在文革问题上的扭曲和捏造有些太过分,她分明就是在用自己同胞的苦难来聚敛钱财。傅萍她本人就是一个红卫兵!她自己就在文革中迫害过他人!现在她还说自己曾经被红卫兵迫害施暴?!她还不如说一些纳粹分子被自己的纳粹同僚迫害过……
★她绝对是一个骗子
这本书很显然充满了谎言,只有那些不懂中文并且不了解中国现代史的人才会相信书中所说的故事。有的谎言甚至做一下简单的推理计算就可以被揭穿:1,傅女士是1958年出生,文革是在1966年到1976年,这么小的孩子是不可能被送去劳改的。2, 傅女士称自己在1977年考入了苏州大学。文革之后的第一次高考是在1977年,在那时政治审查是必须的,如果她是在劳改,她绝对不可能通过审查。更别说苏州大学是在1982年才建立起来的,她怎么可能1977年的时候就过去读书了?
★很遗憾我们今天有互联网了
傅萍说的很好,“我写书不是因为现在的成就,而是因为曾经的默默无闻。”对于那个根本不存在的“默默无闻”的人来说,她甚至可以把自己写成上帝。
★不要浪费自己的时间了
我要对那些还没有看过这本书的人说,不要浪费时间看这本书,就像很多人说的那样,这本书充满了肮脏的谎言。我同时要对那些写过书评的人说,不要浪费时间评论这本书了,我了解你们想要揭穿那些赤裸裸的谎言的心情。毕竟,任何一个有基本推理能力的人类都可以轻易发现他们。不过对于那些只愿意相信他们相信的“真相”的人来说,你也无法改变他们对于中国的想法。不幸的是后者还是占大多数。他们不在乎你在书评中写了什么,他们会指控你为红色中国的间谍,五毛党,或者其他什么。他们也许还会说,“可怜的人,被共产主义洗脑了”。但是我们知道真正被洗脑的是谁。
★她的经历都是捏造的
几年前我曾经看过一篇关于她的报道,我当时就很愤怒,因为她自己讲述的在中国的经历听上去特别虚假。现在她又写了一本书来欺骗更多的人么?这是一个真实的世界,不是什么好莱坞电影。如果你想要通过编造故事和扭曲事实来增加销量,就不要说这是一本自传。
★满是谎言
我自己经历过文革,我父亲在文革中还被拘捕过。但是我知道事实并不是作者书中所描述的那样,这些故事显然都是捏造的。有很多网友已经提出了很好的质疑,我在这里就不再重复了。我只希望傅萍可以给我们一个解释。
★让我感到很恶心
我不想再指出书中那些疯狂又显而易见的谎言。我只是想问为什么这种书能被出版,这让些相似的谎言被一遍一遍地重复?散布有关中国的谎言已经成了这个国家媒体的一种习惯了。
★谁是傻子?
毫无疑问傅萍是在骗人,但是谁被她骗到了呢?出版社?《福布斯》杂志?在电视上采访她的主持人?都不是,这些人都在帮助她去欺骗别人。他们都应该感到羞耻!
★想要了解中国的近代史么?我推荐《上海生死劫》
我研究中国近代历史已经超过20年了。正如其他读者指出的那样,傅萍书中很多关于自己中国生活的细节都经不住事实的考证。比如说她称自己被中国政府驱逐的地方就不可能是真的,因为不管是过去还是现在,只有在国际上有知名度的人权活动家才有可能被驱逐到西方世界。美国政府不可能接受所有被中国驱逐的人。对于一个年轻的大学毕业生来说,想去美国通常的做法是在美国大使馆外等上几个小时或者整个晚上来申请签证。有很多人到了美国之后就开始编造各种耸人听闻的到美国寻找政治庇护的故事。中国文革时期的历史被很完整得记录了下来,有众多的回忆录和存档资料,其中的大部分都是可信的,你可以拿他们和现存的文件做校对。对于不太了解中国近代史的读者,我推荐郑念的《上海生死劫》(Life and Death in Shanghai),这是作者的一本回忆录,用英文写的,亚马逊上面也可以买到.
以下为原文:
As a Chinese, I lived through that period of time in China. I have similar family and educational background as hers and suffered during Culture Revolution as a child. I think her experiences in China mostly, if not all, are fabricated, imagined, overly exaggerated or deliberately miss leading.
If one just read the media reports about her book, he/she may think that media might just pick the sensational parts of the book and exaggerated a little bit to help her to sell the book. No, it is not the case. She lied from very beginning to the end in the book, even on the small detailed events. I am amazed by her audacity of telling so many blatant lies in such a well publicized book.
Here are some of the social and culture background of that period of time in China:
1. In traditional Confucius Chinese culture, children were considered as property of their parents. Parents had absolute rights to their children, including the rights to abuse or sell their kids. Since Mao's communists took over the power of China, parents can't sell their kids anymore, but all other rights were respected, including the rights of adopted parents (if the adoptions were legal and paper work complete). Culture Revolution didn't change any of that.
During Culture Revolution, many government officials, college teachers and professors, and intellectuals were persecuted or locked up. My parents were among those people just like Ping Fu's parents(if her claims are true). There were a period of time that both of my parents were locked up. My parents arranged me to be taken care by relatives, family friend or to live in a boarding child care center. Many of my relatives' children and other people in similar situation all had similar experiences as me. I had never heard of any kids being taken away by authorities, it is just against way of thinking. No one, including government could take people's children away. There isn't such agency to do that kind of job and no facility for that kind of children. That would cost money too and China was very poor at that time, children were burdens.
Red Guard were "revolutionists", they were busy criticizing and persecuting people like my parents (or Ping's parents), or fighting each other. They didn't care about little kids, and didn't interested in taking care of children. Kids like us were left alone, although often were discriminated in schools and in society in general. After Culture Revolution ended, Many people in China wrote about their experiences during that time. All of those stories regarding kids that I've read of were more or less similar to mine, I had never heard of or read about any camp like what Ping wrote in her book, nothing close to what she told. Ping's story as a child just sounds impossible and did not add up with many things in that time.
2. The culture on sex in China have been completely different from the West. China was extremely conservative on sex before 80's. Young people were very ignorant about sex and usually didn't have any sexual experiences before they met the person they would marry. People don't even talk or joke about sex. Rape committed by young men was rare at that time, especially in cities. Rape was a very serious crime in China and punishment could be the death decades ago. Raping or molestation of little children by young people was even rarer. Gang rape was unheard of. In my whole 20+ year living in China, the only gang rape I had heard of were committed by foreigners in 80's.
Red Guard were "revolutionists", not street thugs or rapists, they might beat or persecute people, but not rape. Ping's claim that she was GANG raped by young Red Guards (as reported by many media. But in her book, she was rape by a bunch of young teen boys under broad day light at a university campus) at age 10 because she saved her little sister against their will is just so unimaginable, so against China's sexual culture and thinking, especially against Red Guards' way of thinking and behaving.
3. The schools were re-open in 1968 in most of the places, and were free, even for kids whose parents being persecuted like me. Najing is one of the biggest city in China. I just couldn't imagine the reason that Ping could not go to school. Besides, in 70's, most of high school graduates had to go to poor and rural countryside, there were very limited job for them in the cities. Factory jobs were considered very good jobs and extremely hard to get in 70's. Many people had to bribe or use their connection to land their kids a factory job. And factory don't accept child as employee or labor unless they finished their schooling. Schools may organize kids to work in factories for several weeks to get experiences though. I did that in middle school.
So Ping's story of working in the factory as a child and not be able to go to school in one of the biggest and most developed city in China is just not impossible to be true.
4. China's college didn't admit any high school graduates from 1966 to 1976. The first college entrance exam after Culture Revolution was held in 1977. Any person who graduated high school between 1966 and 1976 could take the exam. The competition for limited college seats was fierce. In early 80's, when only currently year high school graduates could take the college entrance exam, only 4% could get into college. So you can imagine how competitive to get into college in year 77. The study materials and books were very limited at that time. Unparented and unschooled Ping Fu could get into college in 1977, she must be a supper human.
5. All college students in China had to take 4 years of English classes. The supper human Ping Fu could only speak three phrases of English when she came to the US, one year after graduating from college: thank you, hello, and help. Give me a break.
6. China's One Child policy officially started in later year of 1980. At that year, Ping should be a college junior. For a person grew up in city to think of writing her college senior year graduation thesis about killing of baby girls in rural countryside because of a newly started government policy, it is just sounds impossible for me. China's one child policy and related abortion issue wasn't caught international attention until 90's. So, even if Ping Fu wrote something about that, I don't think that government cared. Beside, after Cultural Revolution, Chinese government don't arrest people for political reason anymore, except few rare cases. In early 80's, there were several students at my college did something politically more influential and considered much more unacceptable to the government than Ping's paper, they got some trouble but not arrested or detained.
In 80's, China was still very poor. Ultrasound was rare and expensive medical equipment. Ultrasound exam wasn't a routine exam for pregnant women even in the best hospitals in the biggest city like Shanghai or Beijing. People also didn't have the knowledge that ultrasound exam can tell the gender of the fetus. I don't know how Ping Fu could find that there were prevalent practice of forced abortions of young girl fetuses in poor rural China between 1980-1981, .
Besides, US and China were still in honey moon in early 80's. China wasn't demonized and criticized so much by the West like nowadays. Two countries were kind of allies against then Soviet Union. China didn't started the practice of deporting dissidents to US until 90's. And each time before the deporting, the two government had to negotiate extensively. US don't accept nobody, they only accept those famous dissents. Ping Fu was nobody and unheard of.
She graduated from college in Spring of 1982, came to the US in 1983(some media says in 1982). In this short one year or even less, her college graduation paper reached media, gained domestic and international media attention(I was in China at that time, never heard of that story), she was detained by Chinese government and then deported to the US. None of the US and Chinese government was that efficient. Chinese media wasn't that free to dig and report that kind of news at early 80's. This is just impossible.
So this whole episode of imprisonment because of a paper and deportation to the US is just contradict with everything in that period of time.
7,"Child soldier". I don't know what this "Child soldier" she was. In China, there was no "Child soldier". During Cultural Revolution, military soldiers and personnels had the highest social status and relatively better paid. It was hard for even high school graduates to join the army. The only "Child soldiers" that I knew of were kids with special talents, such as singing, dancing, playing music instruments, or acting. They were recruited by entertainment units of the military. They would study, be trained and taken care of in those military entertainment units. Those were considered extremely lucky kids and envied by every body.
If anything we can learn from this book, it probably would be the audacity a person could have to lie. May be that's the only secrete of her success in the US. It is too bad that innocent American people have to learn about China, Cultural Revolution and Chinese people through this kind of lies.
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1/29
Afternotes:
1. I wrote my initial review on 1/22 after I heard news on NPR. The review were based on wikipedia page about her, NPR and several other media reports about the book, and first several customer reviews on amazon. I read the book last week after I wrote the review.
2. My local library has the book. A Barnes and Noble' retail store near my place puts the book in prominent place (I wouldn't spend a dime on lies). Looks like this book is on it way to the best seller lists
我也是从别的地方转载来得, 无"版权".
文革时期北京西城区每隔一段日子就会有判刑的布告贴出来,那种罪刑最多? 性犯罪! 批斗大会那种犯人多? 性犯罪!
那个年龄段的多? 年轻的多! 北京那时候叫他们“gan 犯“
文革不是清教徒的时代,而是释放了各种野心的疯狂年代!
严重同意。
49年后慢慢叫江苏省高等师范学院。
文革后该称苏州大学。不知为何没改回东吴。
但是英文名改回Soochow,和49年前一样。台湾应该还有东吴大学。
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Bravo
下面网点有报道:
http://www.forbes.com/sites/jennagoudreau/2013/01/31/bend-not-break-author-ping-fu-responds-to-backlash/
撒谎者,终被谎言所吞噬。这应该是,大自然自古以来就存在着的规律。