诗书乐及大自然

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Hope_Hope读曲师'写在罗马济慈故居'有感, 曲未平'写在罗马济慈故居' 和介绍济慈

(2010-02-27 16:03:36) 下一个


Hope_Hope读曲师"写在罗马济慈故居"有感, 曲未平"写在罗马济慈故居"  和介绍济慈


读了诗人Hope_Hope(望望)和曲未平有关济慈两首诗
很有感触,遂转载在这里,并加上介绍的百度资料。

特别引用望望的:

人类的历史,如浩荡的列车,将继续行驶。

只是我们,将坐在怎样的位子,

留下怎样的文字,执着于怎样的坚持。



读曲师"写在罗马济慈故居"有感

by

Hope_Hope


曲师,我读了你的小诗,

心中泛起阵阵涟漪。

思绪,难以平止。

是啊,一代诗杰,英年早逝,

让人痛心,让人惋惜。



他留给后世的,是无尽的仰止,

和无边的思忆。

他给我们的启迪,

是真诚的生活,和好好的珍惜。



每每想起,这些伟大诗人的品格和事迹,

我心振荡,我灵激励。

人类的精神和灵思,

是诗歌,把她们带到了极至。

而他们,这些伟大的诗人,站在诗歌的巅峰之上,

向我们招手,向我们示意,

更给我们无尽的启迪和鼓励。



在这个世界里,物欲的充斥,

人性的堕落,和人伦的无耻,

把人与生俱来的诗情诗性,

层层剥离,无情吞噬。

我们越来越生活在一个,

没有诗的世界里。



但是,因为有他们,

还有一个又一个执着的后来者,

如他,如你,

在不懈的努力,

因而在人类心灵的荒漠里,

依然奏响着,

那永恒之诗的曲子。



今天,我们怀念先人,追忆往昔,

一缕缕往事,一首首小诗,

都是那么可歌可泣。

人类的历史,如浩荡的列车,将继续行驶。

只是我们,将坐在怎样的位子,

留下怎样的文字,执着于怎样的坚持。



诚如你诗中所写的,

那短暂的交会,

便是身心的一场洗礼。

因为,那是心灵的共振,

是思想的共鸣,

是跨世纪的相识与相知。



你所感受到的新的活力,

也一样奔涌于我的身体。

心灵之光,透过你的文字,

跨越时间和土地,

在向往诗歌、真诚和美好的人们心里,

冉冉升起。



同样,那一片闪亮于你的晨曦,

也一样照亮我的天空,

当今天,我和你,

在他乡异地,在此时,

一起默默追忆,

这位伟大的诗人,济慈。



2010年2月10日




=====================================


写在罗马济慈故居

by

-曲未平-



踏上这螺旋的扶梯,

我不觉摒止了呼吸。

小楼是诗人的故居,

别搅乱那沉思的静谧。



我浏览满架的书籍,

辨认那模糊的手迹。

当年那抱病的诗魂,

我该从何处寻觅?



我静静走到窗前,

窗外是西班牙阶梯。

阶梯上的欢声笑语,

曾激起他怎样的诗漪?



他来自社会的底层,

却开创了浪漫的天地。

欢乐如《夜莺》的歌吟,

绚丽如《秋天》的云霓。



凝视着诗人的画像,

我涌起锥心的痛惜。

才二十五岁的年华啊,

雕谢在二月的春季!



他说他名字写在水上。

啊,只有水才长流不息。

广场上那喷涌的清泉,

已追忆了两个世纪!



虽然是短暂的交会,

身心如经历了一场洗礼。

任凭困苦疾病和飘泊,

折不断灵感的羽翼。



我留下真诚的敬意,

感受到心中新的活力。

他在我生命的历程,

添了一片闪亮的晨曦。



(20100131初稿于罗马,略改于瑞典)




济慈

  

济慈简介

  济慈,全名约翰·济慈John Keats(1795年—1821年),出生于18世纪末年的伦敦,他是杰出的英诗作家之一,也是浪漫派的主要成员。父亲是马厩的雇工领班。自幼喜爱文学,由于家境窘困,不满16岁就离校学医。他8岁丧父,14岁丧母,虽然与弟弟和妹妹相互支持,但过早失去父母的悲伤始终影响着他,于是他从此热衷于医学。在恩菲尔德学校(Enfield School),济慈接受了传统正规的教育,在阅读和写作方面,济慈受到了师长克拉克(Charles Cowden Clarke)的鼓励。年轻的济慈非常钟爱维吉尔(Virgil),14岁时,他将维吉尔的长诗《埃涅阿斯纪》("Aeneid")翻译成英语。1810年,济慈被送去当药剂师的学徒。五年后济慈考入伦敦的一所医学院,但没有一年,1815年济慈便放弃了从医的志愿,而专心于写作诗歌。济慈很早就尝试写作诗歌,他早期的作品多是一些仿作,1817年,济慈的第一本诗集出版。这本诗集受到了一些好的评论,但也有一些极为苛刻的攻击性评论刊登在当时很有影响力的一本杂志(Blackwood`s magazine)上。济慈没有被吓倒,他在来年的春天复印了新诗集安迪密恩(“Endymion”)。1818年夏天,济慈前往英格兰北部和苏格兰旅行,途中得到消息说他的兄弟汤姆得了严重的肺结核,济慈即刻赶回家照顾汤姆。这一年年底,汤姆死了,济慈搬到一个朋友在汉普斯泰德(Hampstead)的房子去住,现在人们已将那所房子认为济慈之家。在那里,济慈遇见并深深的爱上了一位年轻的女邻居,芬妮·布朗(Fanny Brawne)。在接下来的几年中,疾病与经济上的问题一直困扰着济慈,但他却令人惊讶的写出了大量的优秀作品,其中包括《圣艾格尼丝之夜》《秋颂》《夜莺颂《致秋天》等名作,表现出诗人对大自然的强烈感受和热爱,为他赢得巨大声誉。1820年3月,济慈第一次咳血,之后不久,因为迅速恶化的肺结核,1821年2月23日,济慈于在意大利疗养时逝世。 去世的时候,只有年轻而忠诚的朋友画家塞文陪伴着他。
  他的墓志铭写着:Here lies one
  whose name was written in water
  此地长眠者,声名水上书。

作品及影响

  
  济慈创作的第一首诗是《仿斯宾塞》,接着又写了许多优秀的十四行诗,他的这些早期诗作收集在1817年3月出版的第一本《诗集》中。次年,他根据古希腊神话写成的《安迪密恩》问世,全诗想象丰富,色彩绚丽,构架宏大,洋溢着对自由的渴望。
  1818年到1820年,是济慈诗歌创作的鼎盛时期,他先后完成了伊莎贝拉》《圣亚尼节前夜》《海伯利安等著名长诗,最脍炙人口的《夜莺颂》《希腊古翁颂》《秋颂》等名篇也是在这一时期内写成的。
  济慈诗才横溢,与雪莱拜伦齐名。他生平只有25岁,但其遗下的诗篇一直誉满人间,被认为完美地体现了西方浪漫主义诗歌的特色,并被推崇为欧洲浪漫主义运动的杰出代表。他主张“美即是真,真即是美”,擅长描绘自然景色和事物外貌,表现景物的色彩感和立体感,重视写作技巧,语言追求华美,对后世抒情诗的创作影响极大。
  “1821年2月23日,他客死罗马,安葬在英国新教徒公墓,年仅二十五岁。……如果天以借年,他能够达到什么样的成就,是难以逆料的。但是人们公认,当他二十四岁停笔时,他对诗坛的贡献已大大超越了同一年龄的乔叟、莎士比亚和弥尔顿。”  
  “在英国的大诗人中,几乎没有一个人比济慈的出身更为卑微。” (BY《济慈诗选》序/屠岸)
  注:济慈以及其诸多诗作,曾经在著名的科幻作品系列海伯利安中被提及。
  济慈特指约翰.济慈,(John Keats),其他“Keats”译为“基茨”。

部分作品

  以下为济慈三首诗作。
  ————————————————————
  Ode To A Nightingale
  John Keats
  夜莺颂
  济慈
  My heart aches, and a drowsy numbness pains
  My sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk,
  Or emptied some dull opiate to the drains
  One minute past, and Lethe-wards had sunk
  我的心痛,困顿和麻木
  毒害了感官,犹如饮过毒鸩,
  又似刚把鸦片吞服,
  一分钟的时间,字句在忘川中沉没
  'Tis not through envy of thy happy lot,
  But being too happy in thine happiness,--
  That thou, light-winged Dryad of the trees
  In some melodious plot
  Of beechen green, and shadows numberless,
  Singest of summer in full-throated ease.
  并不是在嫉妒你的幸运,
  是为着你的幸运而大感快乐,
  你,林间轻翅的精灵,
  在山毛榉绿影下的情结中,
  放开了歌喉,歌唱夏季。
  O, for a draught of vintage! that hath been
  Cool'd a long age in the deep-delved earth,
  Tasting of Flora and the country green,
  Dance, and Provencal song, and sunburnt mirth!
  O for a beaker full of the warm South,
  Full of the true, the blushful Hippocrene,
  With beaded bubbles winking at the brim,
  And purple-stained mouth
  That I might drink, and leave the world unseen,
  And with thee fade away into the forest dim
  哎,一口酒!那冷藏
  在地下多年的甘醇,
  味如花神、绿土、
  舞蹈、恋歌和灼热的欢乐!
  哎,满满一杯南方的温暖,
  充满了鲜红的灵感之泉,
  杯沿闪动着珍珠的泡沫,
  和唇边退去的紫色;
  我要一饮以不见尘世,
  与你循入森林幽暗的深处
  Fade far away, dissolve, and quite forget
  What thou among the leaves hast never known,
  The weariness, the fever, and the fret
  Here, where men sit and hear each other groan;
  Where palsy shakes a few, sad, last gray hairs,
  Where youth grows pale, and spectre-thin, and dies;
  Where but to think is to be full of sorrow
  And leaden-eyed despairs,
  Where Beauty cannot keep her lustrous eyes,
  Or new Love pine at them beyond to-morrow.
  远远的离开,消失,彻底忘记
  林中的你从不知道的,
  疲惫、热病和急躁
  这里,人们坐下并听着彼此的呻吟;
  瘫痪摇动了一会儿,悲伤了,最后的几丝白发,
  青春苍白,古怪的消瘦下去,后来死亡;
  铅色的眼睛绝望着;
  美人守不住明眸,
  新的恋情过不完明天。
  Away! away! for I will fly to thee,
  Not charioted by Bacchus and his pards,
  But on the viewless wings of Poesy,
  Though the dull brain perplexes and retards
  Already with thee! tender is the night,
  And haply the Queen-Moon is on her throne,
  Cluster'd around by all her starry Fays;
  But here there is no light,
  Save what from heaven is with the breezes blown
  Through verdurous glooms and winding mossy ways.
  去吧!去吧!我要飞向你,
  不用酒神的车辗和他的随从,
  乘着诗歌无形的翅膀,
  尽管这混沌的头脑早已跟随你,
  夜色温柔,而月后
  正登上她的宝座,
  周围是她所有的星星仙子,
  但这处那处都没有光,
  一些天光被微风吹入幽绿,
  和青苔的曲径。
  I cannot see what flowers are at my feet,
  Nor what soft incense hangs upon the boughs,
  But, in embalmed darkness, guess each sweet
  Wherewith the seasonable month endows
  The grass, the thicket, and the fruit-tree wild;
  White hawthorn, and the pastoral eglantine;
  Fast fading violets cover'd up in leaves;
  And mid-May's eldest child,
  The coming musk-rose, full of dewy wine,
  The murmurous haunt of flies on summer eves.
  我不能看清是哪些花在我的脚旁,
  何种软香悬于高枝,
  但在温馨的暗处,猜测每一种甜蜜
  以其时令的赠与
  青草地、灌木丛、野果树
  白山楂和田园玫瑰;
  叶堆中易谢的紫罗兰;
  还有五与中旬的首出,
  这啜满了露酒的麝香蔷薇,
  夏夜蝇子嗡嗡的出没其中。
  Darkling I listen; and, for many a time
  I have been half in love with easeful Death,
  Call'd him soft names in many a mused rhyme,
  To take into the air my quiet breath;
  Now more than ever seems it rich to die,
  To cease upon the midnight with no pain,
  While thou art pouring forth thy soul abroad
  In such an ecstasy!
  Still wouldst thou sing, and I have ears in vain--
  To thy high requiem become a sod.
  我倾听黑夜,多少次
  我几乎爱上了逸谧的死亡,
  在如此多的沉思之韵中呼唤她轻柔的名,
  编织成歌,我无声的呼吸;
  现在她更加华丽的死去,
  在午夜不带悲伤的飞升,
  当你正向外倾泻灵魂
  这般的迷狂!
  你仍唱着,而我听不见,
  你那高昂的安魂曲对着一搓泥土。
  Thou wast not born for death, immortal Bird!
  No hungry generations tread thee down;
  The voice I hear this passing night was heard
  In ancient days by emperor and clown:
  Perhaps the self-same song that found a path
  Through the sad heart of Ruth, when, sick for home,
  She stood in tears amid the alien corn;
  The same that oft-times hath
  Charm'd magic casements, opening on the foam
  Of perilous seas, in faery lands forlorn.
  Forlorn! the very word is like a bell
  To toll me back from thee to my sole self!
  Adieu! the fancy cannot cheat so well
  As she is fam'd to do, deceiving elf.
  Adieu! adieu! thy plaintive anthem fades
  Past the near meadows, over the still stream,
  Up the hill-side; and now 'tis buried deep
  In the next valley-glades:
  Was it a vision, or a waking dream?
  Fled is that music:--Do I wake or sleep?
  永生的鸟啊!你不为了死亡出生!
  饥饿的时代无法把你蹂躏;
  这逝去的夜晚里我所听见的
  在那远古的日子也曾为帝王和小丑听见;
  可能相同的歌在露丝那颗忧愁的心中
  找到了一条路径,当她思念故乡,
  站在异邦的谷田中落泪;
  这声音常常
  在遗失的仙城中震动了窗扉
  望向泡沫浪花
  遗失!这个字如同一声钟响
  把我从你处带会我单独自我!
  别了!幻想无法继续欺骗
  当她不再能够,
  别了!别了!你哀伤的圣歌
  退入了后面的草地,流过溪水,
  涌上山坡;而此时,它正深深
  埋在下一个山谷的阴影中:
  是幻觉,还是梦寐?
  那歌声去了:我醒了?我睡着?
  ————————————————————
  再附一首代表作: La Belle sans Merci:A Ballad
  1
  O what can ail thee,kings at arms,
  Alone and palely loitering?
  The sedge has wither'd from the lake,
  And no birds sing.
  2
  O what can ail thee,kings at arms,
  So haggard and so woe-begone?
  The squirrel's granary is full,
  And the Harvest's done.
  3
  I see a lily on thy brow
  With anguish moist and fever dew,
  And no thy cheeks a fading rose
  Fast withered too.
  4
  I met a lady in the meads,
  Full beautiful,and a fairy's child;
  Her hair was long,her foot was light,
  And her eyes were wild.
  5
  I made a garland for her head,
  And bracelets too,and Fragrant zone;
  She looked at me as she did love,
  And made sweet moan.
  6
  I set her on my pacing street,
  And nothing else saw all day long,
  For sidelong would she bend,and sing
  A fairy's song.
  7
  She found me roots of relish sweet,
  And honey wild,and manna dew,
  And sure in languages strange she said--
  I love thee true.
  8
  She took me to her elfin grot,
  And there she wept,and sigh'd full score,
  And there I shut her wild wild eyes
  With kisses four.
  9
  And there she lulled me asleep,
  And there I dream'd--Ah!Woe betide!
  The latest dream I ever dream'd
  On the cold hill's side.
  10
  I saw pale kings,and princes too,
  Pale warriors,death pale were they all;
  They cried--'La belle dame sans merci
  Hath thee in thrall!'
  11
  I saw their starv'd lips in the gloam
  With horrid warning gaped wide,
  And I awoke and found me here
  On the cold hill's side.
  12
  And this in why I sojourned here,
  Alone and palely loitering,
  Though the sedge has wither'd from the lake,
  And no birds sing.
  ——————————————————————————
  To Autumn
  by John Keats J.
  1
  Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness,
  Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun,
  Conspiring with him how to load and bless
  With fruit the vines that round the thatch-eves run;
  To bend with apples the moss’d cottage-trees,
  And fill all fruit with ripeness to the core;
  To swell the gourd, and plump the hazel shells
  With a sweet kernel; to set budding more,
  And still more, later flowers for the bees,
  Until they think warm days will never cease,
  For Summer has o’er-brimm’d their clammy cells.
  2
  Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy store?
  Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may find
  Thee sitting careless on a granary floor,
  Thy hair sort-lifted by the winnowing wind;
  Or on a half-reap’d furrow sound asleep,
  Dows’d with the fume of poppies, while thy hook
  Spares the next swath and all its twined flowers.
  And sometimes like a gleaner thou dost keep
  Steady thy laden head across a brook;
  Or by a cyder-press, with patient look,
  Thou watchest the last oozings hours by hours.
  3
  Where are the songs of Spring? Ay, where are they?
  Think not of them, thou hast thy music too,
  While barred clouds bloom the soft-dying day,
  And touch the stubble-plains with rosy hue;
  Then in a waiful choir the small gnats mourn
  Among the river sallows, borne aloft
  Or sinking as the light wind lives or dies;
  And full-grown lambs loud bleat from hilly bourn;
  Hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble soft
  The red-breast whistles form a garden-croft;
  And gathering swallows twitter in the skies.
  秋颂
  1
  雾气洋溢、果实圆熟的秋,
  你和成熟的太阳成为友伴;
  你们密谋用累累的珠球,
  缀满茅屋檐下的葡萄藤蔓;
  使屋前的老树背负着苹果,
  让熟味透进果实的心中,
  使葫芦胀大,鼓起了榛子壳,
  好塞进甜核;又为了蜜蜂
  一次一次开放过迟的花朵,
  使它们以为日子将永远暖和,
  因为夏季早填满它们的粘巢。
  2
  谁不经常看见你伴着谷仓?
  在田野里也可以把你找到,
  弥有时随意坐在打麦场上,
  让发丝随着簸谷的风轻飘;
  有时候,为罂粟花香所沉迷,
  你倒卧在收割一半的田垄,
  让镰刀歇在下一畦的花旁;
  或者.像拾穗人越过小溪,
  你昂首背着谷袋,投下倒影,
  或者就在榨果架下坐几点钟,
  你耐心地瞧着徐徐滴下的酒浆。
  3
  啊.春日的歌哪里去了?但不要
  想这些吧,你也有你的音乐——
  当波状的云把将逝的一天映照,
  以胭红抹上残梗散碎的田野,
  这时啊,河柳下的一群小飞虫
  就同奏哀音,它们忽而飞高,
  忽而下落,随着微风的起灭;
  篱下的蟋蟀在歌唱,在园中
  红胸的知更鸟就群起呼哨;
  而群羊在山圈里高声默默咩叫;
  丛飞的燕子在天空呢喃不歇。
  另外还有诗《蝈蝈与蛐蛐
  1816年发表处女作《哦,孤独》
  O SOLITUDE!

  by John Keats
  O Solitude! if I must with thee dwell,
  Let it not be among the jumbled heap
  Of murky buildings; climb with me the steep,-
  Nature's observatory- whence the dell,
  Its flowery slopes, its river's crystal swell,
  May seem a span; let me thy vigils keep
  'Mongst boughs pavillion'd, where the deer's swift leap
  Startles the wild bee from the fox-glove bell.
  But though I'll gladly trace these scenes with thee,
  Yet the sweet converse of an innocent mind,
  Whose words are images of thoughts refin'd,
  Is my soul's pleasure; and it sure must be
  Almost the highest bliss of human-kind,
  When to thy haunts two kindred spirits flee.
  哦,孤独
  约翰·济慈 查良铮
  哦,孤独!假若我和你必需同住,
  可别在这层叠的一片
  灰色建筑里,让我们爬上山,
  到大自然的观测台去,从那里——
  山谷、晶亮的河,锦簇的草坡
  看来只是一拃;让我守着你
  在枝叶荫蔽下,看跳纵的鹿糜
  把指顶花蛊里的蜜蜂惊吓。
  不过,虽然我喜欢和你赏玩
  这些景色,我的心灵更乐于
  和纯洁的心灵(她的言语
  是优美情思的表象)亲切会谈;
  因为我相信,人的至高的乐趣
  是一对心灵避入你的港湾。

扩展阅读:
1.纪伯伦
2.丹·西蒙斯,《海伯利安》(HYPERION),《安迪密恩》(Endymion)

(来源: http://baike.baidu.com/view/39091.htm?fr=ala0_1_1)

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