Summary：药的流程； 大合法precursors 制造商

• Demand side

  • Patterns of opioid misuse, prescribing practices, and illicit market demand drive production and distribution at scale.

• Inputs / precursors (conceptual)

  • Chemical precursors (sometimes diverted from legitimate channels) are acquired through legal and illicit supply chains. (No specifics here.)

• Manufacturing (conceptual)

  • Synthesis and formulation occur in a range of settings from clandestine labs to larger illegal production sites; quality control is absent and potency varies widely — which increases overdose risk.

• Packaging adulteration (conceptual)

  • Finished product may be pressed into pills, mixed into powders, or blended with other substances/ cutting agents — this is a primary driver of accidental overdoses because potency is unpredictable.

• Distribution channels (high level)

  • Distribution uses multiple layers: wholesale brokers, regional distributors, local dealers; channels can include physical smuggling, postal/courier systems, and online markets. (I’m not describing how to exploit these channels.)

• Retail / consumption

  • Sold through street markets, peer networks, or online platforms; end users often unaware of potency.

• Waste diversion

  • Leftover materials and packaging can create trace evidence used by law enforcement and public health surveillance.

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大合法precursors?制造商

Below are typical categories and leading firms that dominate global chemical production. These are legitimate industrial suppliers whose product ranges include commodity petrochemicals, solvents, specialty reagents, polymers, and pharma intermediates — all used in lawful manufacturing across many industries. (This is market context only; do not use this for illicit purposes.)

Global petrochemical / commodity chemical leaders (large volumes, global footprints)

• BASF (Germany) — largest by revenue among chemical firms in most rankings. Chemical Engineering News+1.

• Sinopec / large Chinese petrochemical groups — major global volumes and upstream integration. chemanalyst.com+1.

• Dow (United States), SABIC (Saudi Arabia), LyondellBasell (Netherlands/US) — large-scale producers of commodity chemicals and intermediates. chemanalyst.com+1.

Specialty performance chemical firms (higher value, technical products)

• Evonik, Covestro, Wanhua, Formosa Plastics, LG Chem — large specialty/polymer and performance?chemicals players. chemanalyst.com+1.

Regional players contractors

• Numerous state?owned and regional companies (e.g., China National Chemical groups, large petrochemical refiners in the Middle East and Asia) play major roles in precursor and intermediate markets for legitimate industries. See industry rankings for details. chemanalyst.com+1.

Where to look for manufacturer intelligence

• Industry rankings (CEN / Chemical Engineering News Global Top 50, ChemAnalyst Top 100) and market databases are good starting points for identifying leading producers and their product portfolios. Chemical Engineering News+1.