百思一解
每个人都在寻求认同，在几十亿的人海里。每个人都在寻求答案，在无穷多的可能中。
上一篇（http://blog.wenxuecity.com/myblog/71485/201608/1233008.html）讨论了非法移民对社会安全的影响。有兴趣的网友可以在我的博客上找到。这一篇会主要讨论非法移民对社会经济财政的影响。
先总结一下网友的主要论点：（1）非法移民也交税；（2）非法移民不享受社会福利；（3）非法移民对社安基金有着重要的支撑作用。
网友的主要根据是他们：(a) 付消费税；(b)付房产税；(c)很多人付收入税和社安税。
他们确实付消费税，但这一群体的收入极低，消费也极低。不能指望他们贡献多少消费税。同理，也不能指望他们买房，最多租房，还得是最低价的房租。
非法移民没有社安号，也是不敢去报税的，怕移民局。但确实有不少非法移民冒险去买伪造证件以便找一个更稳定的工作。虽然依然是最低时新，但雇主会直接提他们报社安税。所以网友在这一点上是对的。
但另一方面，一旦他们有了伪造的社安号，难道会不知道美国还有退税一说吗？这里有一则相关报道：
“。。。it is the Old Faithful of tax breaks that illegal aliens can access: the Additional Child Tax Credit (ACTC). Illegals filing their income taxes can claim the ACTC if they have (or claim to have) children in the United States. This tax credit, unlike virtually all others, can result in a negative income tax payment. That means that no taxes will be collected from the individual, but he or she will get a check in the mail for all taxes withheld plus a bonus for the credit。。。”-- http://cis.org/north/its-tax-refund-time-illegal-aliens?
这可能也是为什么不少非法移民家里孩子都很多的原因吧。
可能很多人认为非法移民不能享受国家福利，但事实上他们至少享受交通，公园，紧急医疗等基本公共福利。象前面所说，很多非法移民都使用非法证件，骗取福利就只是一步之遥。加上生的孩子是美国公民，税收，教育，医疗等各种福利都触手可及。
- “Now that these families have given birth to U.S. citizens, the families are eligible for benefits such as WIC and food stamps. Benefits such as these are for low income families. Illegal aliens often work in low paying jobs so they now qualify for benefits.”-- http://thelawdictionary.org/article/why-is-it-that-illegal-aliens-get-free-food-stamps-health-insurance-and-pay-no-taxes/
- “More than half of households headed by immigrants in the county illegally, or 62 percent, received welfare benefits in 2012, according to a report released by the Center for Immigration Studies.”-- http://freebeacon.com/issues/report-majority-of-illegal-immigrant-households-on-welfare/
- “Illegal immigrant households cost an average of $5,692 (driven largely by the presence of U.S.-born children), while legal immigrant households cost $6,378.”-- http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/cashing-in-illegal-immigrants-get-1261-more-welfare-than-american-families-5692-vs.-4431/article/2590744
非法移民对社安基金的贡献被大大夸大了，因为如上所述，非法移民绝对不是只付出不索取的。某媒体的报道中举了一个例子：
“。。。 More recently, he has also washed trucks, often working as much as 70 hours a week, earning $8.50 to $12.75 an hour。。。Last year, Mr. Martínez paid about $2,000 toward Social Security and $450 for Medicare through payroll taxes withheld from his wages。。。”-- http://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/05/business/illegal-immigrants-are-bolstering-social-security-with-billions.html?_r=0?
这是一个非常努力工作的非法移民，他一年大概交$2450的social security 和 medicare 税，因为他有伪造的社安号，只要他不那么高尚的话，就会去要退税。低收入家庭可以报很多退税项目，通常他们都是享受退税而不是缴税的。加上每年花在他们一家的福利（$5，000 左右），很难想像这是个赚钱的买卖。
网友的另一个连接提供了更多数据：“An illegal alien purchasing taxable goods in the amount of about $125,000 a year just to break even on what it costs Americans for that。。。” -- http://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2016/08/29/coulter_does_the_american_taxpayer_want_to_pay_for_illegal_immigrants_to_stay.html。也就是说一个非法移民一年需要购买价值十二万五千美刀的东西，其销售税才能持平国家花在他身上的钱。。。
If you feel that the tax rate applicable to them should be different, that is certainly a topic for discussion. Until then -- they are paying the taxes that are expected of them.
(2): The "benefits" and "welfare" that you refer to in the body of the article -- as you acknowledged: they are paid to the children, who are Americans.
Unless the law changes, the Americans are entitled to receive these benefits.
(3): >>>非法移民對社安基金的貢獻被大大誇大了
I am not sure what you mean. Here's the data from the Social Security Administration:
...According to the Social Security Administration (SSA), unauthorized immigrants -- who are not eligible to receive Social Security benefits -- have paid an eye-popping $100 billion into the fund over the past decade.
"They are paying an estimated $15 billion a year into Social Security with no intention of ever collecting benefits," Stephen Goss, chief actuary of the SSA told CNNMoney. "Without the estimated 3.1 million undocumented immigrants paying into the system, Social Security would have entered persistent shortfall of tax revenue to cover payouts starting in 2009," he said.
See http://money.cnn.com/2014/11/20/news/economy/immigration-myths/
(4): With regard to the issue of economic benefits, please note:
(a):
Alan Greenspan, former Federal Reserve Chairman, testified:
"But there is little doubt that unauthorized, that is, illegal, immigration has made a significant contribution to the growth of our economy. Between 2000 and 2007, for example, it accounted for more than a sixth of the increase in our total civilian labor force. The illegal part of the civilian labor force diminished last year as the economy slowed, though illegals still comprised
an estimated 5% of our total civilian labor force. Unauthorized immigrants serve as a flexible component of our workforce, often a safety valve when demand is pressing and among the first to be discharged when the economy falters."
See https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/greenspan_testimony_04_30_09.pdf
(b):
Professor Francine J. Lipman (University of Nevada, Las Vegas):
"Americans believe that undocumented immigrants are exploiting the United States' economy. The widespread belief is that illegal aliens cost more in government services than they contribute to the economy. This belief is undeniably false. [E]very empirical study of illegals' economic impact demonstrates the opposite . . .: undocumenteds actually contribute more to public coffers in taxes than they cost in social services. Moreover, undocumented immigrants contribute to the U.S. economy through their investments and consumption of goods and services; filling of millions of essential worker positions resulting in subsidiary job creation, increased productivity and lower costs of goods and services; and unrequited contributions to Social Security, Medicare and unemployment insurance programs.
Eighty-five percent of eminent economists surveyed have concluded that undocumented immigrants have had a positive (seventy-four percent) or neutral (eleven percent) impact on the U.S. economy."
See http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=881584
(c): Professor Raul Hinojosa (UCLA):
"Q: How is the undocumented immigrant community affecting the U.S. economy?
A: First and foremost, it's a source of value added. The total goods and services that they consume through their paycheck, plus all that they produce for their employers, is close to about $800 billion.
They're also producing at relatively lower costs because the undocumented population typically gets about 20% less in wages than if they were legalized. That leads to lower prices for us and higher profits to employers.
In addition, they're obviously a huge consumer base. We've seen that 90% of the wages that the undocumented population gets are spent inside the U.S. Remittances are sent abroad, but that only represents about 10% of immigrants' income. The numbers are becoming quite huge. We estimate about $50 billion dollars in remittances this year. That means that total consumptive capacity remaining in the U.S. is $400 billion to $450 billion."
See https://biz.yahoo.com/special/illegal05_article2.html
(5):
One final note:
Federal tax law prohibits the IRS from sharing data with other government agencies, including USCIS. See https://www.irs.gov/government-entities/federal-state-local-governments/disclosure-laws
The reason? So that the federal government can collect tax revenues against them.
In other words, the US is purposefully and knowingly taxing these individuals, knowing that they do not have legal status.