美国罗斯福总统的“经济权利法案”Franklin D. Roosevelt“The Economic Bill of Right

美国罗斯福总统的 “ 经济权利法案 ” Franklin D. Roosevelt “The Economic Bill of Rights” Excerpt from 11 January 1944 message to Congress on the State of the Union

It is our duty now to begin to lay the plans and determine the strategy for the winning of a lasting peace and the establishment of an American standard of living higher than ever before known. We cannot be content, no matter how high that general standard of living may be, if some fraction of our people—whether it be one-third or one-fifth or one-tenth—is ill-fed, ill-clothed, ill-housed, and insecure.
这是我们的责任，由现在开始来奠定的计划和确定方针，为赢得 持久和平和建立一个美国人的生活标准，超过以往所知的任何时候。 不管我们一般生活的水准有多高，假如 我们小部分的人民，无论是三分之一或五分之一或十分之一，吃不饱，穿不暖， 住不好与活得不安全， 我们都不能因此而满意 。

This Republic had its beginning, and grew to its present strength, under the protection of certain inalienable political rights—among them the right of free speech, free press, free worship, trial by jury, freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures. They were our rights to life and liberty.
这共和国有其开始，发展到目前的实力，在某些不可剥夺 政治权利的保护下，其中有言论自由、出版自由、信仰自由、由陪审团审判、不受不合理的搜查和扣押的自由。 它们是我们的生命权和自由。

As our nation has grown in size and stature, however—as our industrial economy expanded—these political rights proved inadequate to assure us equality in the pursuit of happiness.
正如我们的民族是扩大了规模和地位，但作为工业经济蓬 勃发展，这些政治权利证明不足以保证我们在追求幸福的权利平等。

We have come to a clear realization of the fact that true individual freedom cannot exist without economic security and independence. “Necessitous men are not free men.” People who are hungry and out of a job are the stuff of which dictatorships are made.
我们明确的认识到了一个事实，真正的个人自由，不能存在於没有经济安全和独立。 “贫乏的人是不自由的人。” 饥饿和失业的人们，是独裁的前体。

In our day these economic truths have become accepted as self-evident. We have accepted, so to speak, a second Bill of Rights under which a new basis of security and prosperity can be established for all—regardless of station, race, or creed.
在我们今天这些经济真理已成为自我接纳自明。 我们已经接受，可以说，权利下的安全与繁荣的新的基础 上可以对所有的设立第二项条例草案，不论地位，种族或信仰。

Among these are: 其中包括：

The right to a useful and remunerative job in the industries or shops or farms or mines of the nation;
到一个行业或在商店或农场或民族地雷有益和有报酬的工 作的权利 ;

The right to earn enough to provide adequate food and clothing and recreation;
有权获得足以提供足够的食物和衣物和娱乐 ;

The right of every farmer to raise and sell his products at a return which will give him and his family a decent living;
每个农民有权提出和出售自己的产品的回报，这将给他和 他的家人体面的生活 ;

The right of every businessman, large and small, to trade in an atmosphere of freedom from unfair competition and domination by monopolies at home or abroad;
每一个商人，大大小小的权利，在自由的气氛中贸易的不 公平竞争和在国内或国外垄断的统治 ;

The right of every family to a decent home;
每个家庭的权利安居 ;

The right to adequate medical care and the opportunity to achieve and enjoy good health;
在适当的医疗服务，并有机会实现和身体健康的权利 ;

The right to adequate protection from the economic fears of old age, sickness, accident, and unemployment;
在从老年，疾病，事故的经济担忧充分保护的权利，和失 业 ;

The right to a good education.
有受良好教育的权利。

All of these rights spell security. And after this war is won we must be prepared to move forward, in the implementation of these rights, to new goals of human happiness and well-being.
所有这些权利代表的是安全。 之后是赢得这场战争，我们必须准备向前迈进，在这些权 利的落实，对人类幸福和新的目标福祉。

America’s own rightful place in the world depends in large part upon how fully these and similar rights have been carried into practice for our citizens.
美国自己在国际上应有的地位取决于如何充分这些和类似 的权利已付诸实践为我们的公民在很大程度上。

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Roosevelt's January 11 address was delivered via radio, due to the President's illness at the time. During the last portion dealing with the Second Bill of Rights, he asked news cameras to come in and begin filming for later broadcast. This footage was believed lost until it was uncovered in 2008 in South Carolina by Michael Moore while researching for the film Capitalism: A Love Story. The footage shows Roosevelt's Second Bill of Rights address in its entirety, as well as a shot of the Five Rights printed on a sheet of paper

罗斯福的 1 月 11 日报告发表后通过广播，由于当时总统 的病情。 在过去与人权法案处理第二部分，他要求新闻摄像机进来，开始拍摄后播出。 这个画面被认为丧失直到它发现于 2008 年由迈克尔摩 尔在南卡罗来纳州，而资本主义的电影研究：一个爱情故事。 录像带显示，罗斯福的第二次人权法案处理整个，以及权 利的五杆一纸印 刷

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source: The Public Papers & Addresses of Franklin D. Roosevelt (Samuel Rosenman, ed.), Vol XIII (NY: Harper, 1950), 40-42
12 How. 152: “Necessitous men,” says the Lord Chancellor, in Vernon v Bethell, 2 Eden 113 (1762), “are not, truly speaking, free men; but, to answer a present emergency, will submit to any terms that the crafty may impose on them.”