车价背后：第一轮战斗 --- 敌乐费用清单详解

你忙着砍价，砍的是车价。等合同拿过来，敌乐还会加上不少虚头八脑的项目，变着花样把价钱找回来。所以砍价是两个部分：车价，和出门价(OTD, or 车价+closing cost)。

所以，砍车价以前，以前，以前......先做好功课，搞清楚问明白closing fee清单和价位。

你铁定要交的钱一般是5大项：

1. 讨价还价后同意的单车价(看你的本事啦，多数是地区销售平均价。另外看购买方式，可能是全额，也可能是先期付款down payment)，

2. 给政府的title和注册费(各州差异很大，但各地基本数字固定)，

3. 给各级政府的税(各州差异很大，但也是各地基本比例固定)，

4. 没有余地的Destination charge(这个经常混合在车价里，不另外区分。但在合同上应该是单独一项。砍价前明确是否包括在车价里。Destination charge都是汽车厂家给的固定数字，运输费，可以查询到，800刀上下)。

5. 文件费(填满一大堆纸，总得收点"高级"纸钱吧)。

剩下其他的出门费用，都要仔细斟酌和竭力斗争。

下边是consumerreports.org 提供的买车额外费用清单，非常重要，供参考。相关文章网上很多，就不一一罗列了。

Car buying Closing fees

Fee	What it's about
UNAVOIDABLE
Documentation fee	A modest charge of $50 or less for processing documents that establish your title and registration is reasonable. Question anything higher than $100.
Guaranteed Auto Protection (GAP) insurance	A must for leased vehicles. It covers the difference between your payments over the life of the lease and the residual value of the vehicle in case it is stolen or totaled in an accident.
Title and registration	Let the dealership handle the formalities of establishing you as the new owner of the vehicle and obtaining temporary tags. Expect the dealer to pass along what the state charges—typically between 1 percent and 3 percent of the vehicle’s cost—plus a documentation fee.
Sales tax	Some states calculate tax on the full price of the car, but most figure tax on the difference between the price of the new car and the trade-in, if appropriate.
Destination charge	A standard charge that covers shipment of the vehicle. Question any secondary “delivery fee” that’s listed on the contract.
MAYBE
Advertising charge	Increasingly common, regional dealer cooperatives assess fees to support promotional efforts. If this charge shows up only at the closing, contest it. But you may end up having to pay.
Extended warranty	Extra coverage for major repairs that may be needed after the manufacturer’s warranty expires. It’s your call. But if you do buy one, we recommend getting coverage backed by the vehicle manufacturer or an established third-party company. You don’t have to buy on the spot; take your time to compare contracts.
Additional dealer markup	Sometimes added to hot-selling models for additional profit. You can contest this, but if the model is in high demand, the dealer may not have any incentive to work with you.
AVOID PAYING
Dealer preparation fee	Most manufacturers pay dealers to remove the coatings and coverings that protect the vehicle during shipment and to clean up the car for you. There is no justification for you to pay the dealer again for this service.
Credit life insurance	Your survivors will be able to pay off the vehicle if you die before your payments end. Term life insurance is cheaper, but make sure it’s enough to cover loan payments.
Disability insurance	Covers your car payments if you are unable to work because of a disabling accident or extended illness. You may already have disability coverage through your employer; if not, you can purchase it more cheaply elsewhere.
Pinstriping	Expensive tape that a detailing shop can put on for you at a lower price than the dealer can.
Rustproofing/undercoating	Today’s vehicles are manufactured to withstand corrosive weather and road conditions, so you will not need to pay for additional treatment by the dealership.
VIN etching	This is an anti-theft measure in which the vehicle identification number (VIN) is etched into the glass. Some states require that dealers offer it to you, but none require that you buy it. It can be done less expensively elsewhere or even by yourself with a $25 kit.
Fabric protection	This is just expensive Scotchgard. Just say no.
Paint sealant	It is little more than a vastly overpriced liquid wax you can easily purchase from an auto-supply shop for $10 or less.
Security/anti-theft system	An alarm or theft-recovery device can reduce your car insurance premium. But the high price you pay for a dealer-installed system will likely negate any such discount.

Last reviewed: February 2011

www.consumerreports.org

Car Buying Advice