正文
One of Einstein's most eagerly quoted remarks is 'Science
without religion is lame, religion without science is blind.' But
Einstein also said,
It was, of course, a lie what you read about my religious
convictions, a lie which is being systematically repeated. I
do not believe in a personal God and I have never denied
this but have expressed it clearly. If something is in me
which can be called religious then it is the unbounded
admiration for the structure of the world so far as our
science can reveal it.
Does it seem that Einstein contradicted himself? That his words
can be cherry-picked for quotes to support both sides of an argument?
No. By 'religion' Einstein meant something entirely different
from what is conventionally meant. As I continue to clarify the distinction
between supernatural religion on the one hand and
Einsteinian religion on the other, bear in mind that I am calling only
supernatural gods delusional.
爱因斯坦说过的话中人们最迫不及待地引用的一句是:"没有信仰的科学是不完善的，没有科学的信仰是盲目的"。但是爱因斯坦还说过：
你们读到的关于我笃信宗教的事当然是谎言，是有系统地重复的谎言。我不相信有一个人格化的上帝，我多次申明这一点，从来也没有否认过。如果说我内心有什么可以称之为宗教性的话，那就是我对我们的科学可以揭示的世界的结构的无边的敬仰。
爱因斯坦自相矛盾吗？他的话可以被可以挑拣出来左右逢源吗？不。当爱因斯坦提到“宗教”这个词的时候，他的意思和这个词传统的含义完全不同。下面我会继续澄清超自然宗教和爱因斯坦式的宗教的区别，请记住我仅仅说超自然的诸神是错觉。
Here are some more quotations from Einstein, to give a flavour
of Einsteinian religion.
I am a deeply religious nonbeliever. This is a somewhat
new kind of religion.
I have never imputed to Nature a purpose or a goal, or
anything that could be understood as anthropomorphic.
What I see in Nature is a magnificent structure that we
can comprehend only very imperfectly, and that must fill
a thinking person with a feeling of humility. This is a
genuinely religious feeling that has nothing to do with
mysticism.
The idea of a personal God is quite alien to me and seems
even naive.
下面是更多的爱因斯坦的名言，从中可以窥出一些爱因斯坦式宗教的端倪：
我是一个深彻的不信教的人。这从某种意义上说是一种新的宗教。
我从来没有给大自然赋予任何目的或目标，或任何拟人化的东西。我把大自然看作是我们现在还知之甚少的宏大的结构，这已经足够让思考的人类感到渺小了。这是一种纯粹的宗教情感，和任何神秘主义的东西无关。
人格化的上帝这个概念和我格格不入而且听起来很幼稚。
In greater numbers since his death, religious apologists understandably
try to claim Einstein as one of their own. Some of his
religious contemporaries saw him very differently. In 1940 Einstein
wrote a famous paper justifying his statement 'I do not believe in a
personal God.' This and similar statements provoked a storm of
letters from the religiously orthodox, many of them alluding to
Einstein's Jewish origins. The extracts that follow are taken from
Max Jammer's book Einstein and Religion (which is also my main
source of quotations from Einstein himself on religious matters).
自从爱因斯坦逝世以后，可以想见的，大量的宗教卫道士声称爱因斯坦和他们是一路的。但是，和他同时代的那些教徒们可不是这么看的。1940年，爱因斯坦写那篇著名的文章为他的“我不相信人格化的上帝”说法辩护。这篇文章和其他类似的言论在正统宗教界掀起了轩然大波，责问信铺天盖地而来。很多人甚至隐射爱因斯坦的犹太血统。下面的一些文字是从麦克斯。雅摩尔的《爱因斯坦和他的宗教》一书中摘录的（这本书同时也是我所引用的爱因斯坦本人宗教观言论的主要来源）：
The Roman Catholic Bishop of Kansas City said: 'It is sad to see a
man, who comes from the race of the Old Testament and its teaching,
deny the great tradition of that race.' Other Catholic clergymen
chimed in: 'There is no other God but a personal God . . . Einstein
does not know what he is talking about. He is all wrong. Some men
think that because they have achieved a high degree of learning in
some field, they are qualified to express opinions in all.' The notion
that religion is a proper field, in which one might claim expertise,
is one that should not go unquestioned. That clergyman presumably
would not have deferred to the expertise of a claimed
'fairyologist' on the exact shape and colour of fairy wings. Both he
and the bishop thought that Einstein, being theologically untrained,
had misunderstood the nature of God. On the contrary, Einstein
understood very well exactly what he was denying.
堪萨斯城的天主教会主教说：“看到这样一位从承继了旧约的教导的民族来的人拒绝了本民族的伟大传统，这真的很可悲。”另一个教士岔进来说：“除了人格化的上帝没有其他的上帝...爱因斯坦不知道自己在说什么。他错了。有的人以为自己在某些领域成就卓著就可以对他没有资格谈论的东西说三道四。”宗教能作为一个知识领域，而且有人可以自称专家，对这样一种说法可不能不存疑问。这位教士大概不会把关于小精灵的翅膀是什么颜色和什么形状的知识当作“精灵学家”的学问吧？他和那个主教都认为爱因斯坦未经神学训练时误解了上帝的本质。其实正相反，爱因斯坦的对他拒绝相信的东西非常地清楚。
without religion is lame, religion without science is blind.' But
Einstein also said,
It was, of course, a lie what you read about my religious
convictions, a lie which is being systematically repeated. I
do not believe in a personal God and I have never denied
this but have expressed it clearly. If something is in me
which can be called religious then it is the unbounded
admiration for the structure of the world so far as our
science can reveal it.
Does it seem that Einstein contradicted himself? That his words
can be cherry-picked for quotes to support both sides of an argument?
No. By 'religion' Einstein meant something entirely different
from what is conventionally meant. As I continue to clarify the distinction
between supernatural religion on the one hand and
Einsteinian religion on the other, bear in mind that I am calling only
supernatural gods delusional.
爱因斯坦说过的话中人们最迫不及待地引用的一句是:"没有信仰的科学是不完善的，没有科学的信仰是盲目的"。但是爱因斯坦还说过：
你们读到的关于我笃信宗教的事当然是谎言，是有系统地重复的谎言。我不相信有一个人格化的上帝，我多次申明这一点，从来也没有否认过。如果说我内心有什么可以称之为宗教性的话，那就是我对我们的科学可以揭示的世界的结构的无边的敬仰。
爱因斯坦自相矛盾吗？他的话可以被可以挑拣出来左右逢源吗？不。当爱因斯坦提到“宗教”这个词的时候，他的意思和这个词传统的含义完全不同。下面我会继续澄清超自然宗教和爱因斯坦式的宗教的区别，请记住我仅仅说超自然的诸神是错觉。
Here are some more quotations from Einstein, to give a flavour
of Einsteinian religion.
I am a deeply religious nonbeliever. This is a somewhat
new kind of religion.
I have never imputed to Nature a purpose or a goal, or
anything that could be understood as anthropomorphic.
What I see in Nature is a magnificent structure that we
can comprehend only very imperfectly, and that must fill
a thinking person with a feeling of humility. This is a
genuinely religious feeling that has nothing to do with
mysticism.
The idea of a personal God is quite alien to me and seems
even naive.
下面是更多的爱因斯坦的名言，从中可以窥出一些爱因斯坦式宗教的端倪：
我是一个深彻的不信教的人。这从某种意义上说是一种新的宗教。
我从来没有给大自然赋予任何目的或目标，或任何拟人化的东西。我把大自然看作是我们现在还知之甚少的宏大的结构，这已经足够让思考的人类感到渺小了。这是一种纯粹的宗教情感，和任何神秘主义的东西无关。
人格化的上帝这个概念和我格格不入而且听起来很幼稚。
In greater numbers since his death, religious apologists understandably
try to claim Einstein as one of their own. Some of his
religious contemporaries saw him very differently. In 1940 Einstein
wrote a famous paper justifying his statement 'I do not believe in a
personal God.' This and similar statements provoked a storm of
letters from the religiously orthodox, many of them alluding to
Einstein's Jewish origins. The extracts that follow are taken from
Max Jammer's book Einstein and Religion (which is also my main
source of quotations from Einstein himself on religious matters).
自从爱因斯坦逝世以后，可以想见的，大量的宗教卫道士声称爱因斯坦和他们是一路的。但是，和他同时代的那些教徒们可不是这么看的。1940年，爱因斯坦写那篇著名的文章为他的“我不相信人格化的上帝”说法辩护。这篇文章和其他类似的言论在正统宗教界掀起了轩然大波，责问信铺天盖地而来。很多人甚至隐射爱因斯坦的犹太血统。下面的一些文字是从麦克斯。雅摩尔的《爱因斯坦和他的宗教》一书中摘录的（这本书同时也是我所引用的爱因斯坦本人宗教观言论的主要来源）：
The Roman Catholic Bishop of Kansas City said: 'It is sad to see a
man, who comes from the race of the Old Testament and its teaching,
deny the great tradition of that race.' Other Catholic clergymen
chimed in: 'There is no other God but a personal God . . . Einstein
does not know what he is talking about. He is all wrong. Some men
think that because they have achieved a high degree of learning in
some field, they are qualified to express opinions in all.' The notion
that religion is a proper field, in which one might claim expertise,
is one that should not go unquestioned. That clergyman presumably
would not have deferred to the expertise of a claimed
'fairyologist' on the exact shape and colour of fairy wings. Both he
and the bishop thought that Einstein, being theologically untrained,
had misunderstood the nature of God. On the contrary, Einstein
understood very well exactly what he was denying.
堪萨斯城的天主教会主教说：“看到这样一位从承继了旧约的教导的民族来的人拒绝了本民族的伟大传统，这真的很可悲。”另一个教士岔进来说：“除了人格化的上帝没有其他的上帝...爱因斯坦不知道自己在说什么。他错了。有的人以为自己在某些领域成就卓著就可以对他没有资格谈论的东西说三道四。”宗教能作为一个知识领域，而且有人可以自称专家，对这样一种说法可不能不存疑问。这位教士大概不会把关于小精灵的翅膀是什么颜色和什么形状的知识当作“精灵学家”的学问吧？他和那个主教都认为爱因斯坦未经神学训练时误解了上帝的本质。其实正相反，爱因斯坦的对他拒绝相信的东西非常地清楚。
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