旧约词汇 - I

Iconography

The expression of religious principles or doctrines using pictorial or symbolic images or icons; icons may serve as visual metaphors; a faith which favours this type of expression is called 'iconic'.

Image of God

Phrase deriving from Genesis 1:26-7; God created humankind in his own image. See Chapter 1.

Immanuel

(sometimes spelled Emmanuel) The figure in Isaiah's prophecy (chapter 7), which means "God is with us". See Chapter 10.

Incense

A component in rituals of worship; spices burned on an altar or in a censer to make a sweet smelling smoke.

Intertestamental period

The period in which early Judaism developed, between about 400 B.C.E. (the traditional end date for the Old Testament/Hebrew Bible) and the first century C.E. (the composition of the Christian New Testament); the Jewish intertestamental literature includes the Apocrypha (mostly preserved in Greek) and the Pseudepigrapha (works from this period ascribed to ancient authors like Enoch, the ancestors, and Moses).

Invocation

The forumla used at the beginning of many psalms that appeals to God and asks him to listen. See Chapter 14.

Isaac

The son of Abraham and Sarah who inherited the ancestral promises; he married Rebekah and was the father of Esau and Jacob. See Chapter 2.

Isaiah

A prophet in Jerusalem in the eighth century B.C.E.; also, the prophetic book which contains the words of Isaiah of Jerusalem, Second Isaiah, and Third Isaiah.

Isaiah of Jerusalem

See Isaiah See Chapter 10 Introduction, Chapter 10 First Isaiah.

Ishmael

The son of Abraham and Hagar; he was not the son of the promise; he and his mother were expelled by Sarah and Abraham. See Chapter 2.

Israel

A secondary name for Jacob; the name of the ten northern tribes who formed the "kingdom of Israel" (alternatives are "Ephraim" and "Samaria"), destroyed in 721 B.C.E.; also used as the name of the Twelve Tribes and for the whole territory occupied by the Israelites, Canaan; historically, Jews have continued to regard themselves as the true continuation of the ancient Israelite national-religious community; in modern times, it also refers to the political state of Israel; Christians came to consider themselves to be the "true" Israel, thus also a continuation of the ancient traditions. See Biblical Story, Introduction.

Israeli, Israelis

Modern term designating citizens of the modern state of Israel; to be distinguished from Israelites. See Introduction.

Israelite

(from "sons of Israel") Primarily the inhabitants of the ancient state of Israel, but also used of the Hebrews from the time of Moses to the monarchy. See Introduction.