StoryLineGodcreatedtheuniverseofstars,earthandanimallifeinsixdaysandrestedontheseventh(Genesis1).ThefirsthumanswereplacedintheperfectworldofEden(2)butwereexpelledaftertheydisobeyedadivinecommand(3).OutofEdenthefirstcouplehadoffspringwhotypifiedtheworstofsinandthebestofculture(4-5).Butsinranrampant,promptingGodtocleansetheearthwithaflood(6).OnlyNoah,hisimmediatefamily,andarepresentativesampleofanim...[
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WecalltheoriginstoriesofGenesis1-11thePrimevalStory,referringtotheearliestagesofculturaldevelopment.ThePrimevalStoryisasweepingaccountoftheearliestevents,fromthecreationoftheworldtothespreadofhumanityoverthefaceoftheearth.Butthewriteronlymentionsthoseseminaleventsthatfithispurpose.
ThePrimevalStoryisnothistoryasweordinarilyusetheterm.Theearliesteventsofcreation,forexample,hadnohumaneyewitnesse...[
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Chapter1Genesis1-11:ThePrimevalStoryThebookofGenesisisthebookoforigins.Itbeginsbydescribingthecreationoftheworld,andalongthewayitconveysbasicfeaturesoftheHebrewviewofGod,theuniverse,andhumanity.GenesisalsoaccountsfortheoriginofthenationofIsraelbytellingtalesofitsancestors.
Genesisissuchanimportantbookthatitgetstwochapters:Chapter1.Genesis1-11:thePrimevalStoryandChapter2.Genesis12-50:theAncestr...[
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C.JudaismandHellenism(333B.C.E.-70C.E.)JudearemainedaPersianprovinceuntilAlexandertheGreatinvadedtheMiddleEast.WithhisvictoryatIssusin333B.C.E.hesecuredcontrolofAsiaandspreadGreekculture,government,andlanguagethroughouthisrealm.TheHellenisticperiodhadbegun.TheBattleofIssus,byAlbrechtAltdorfer1528-29,AltePinakothek,Munich--ArtchiveAlexanderallowedtheJewstoobservetheirownrituallawsandtraditionsandwa...[
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B.ReturnandRestoration(539-333B.C.E.)AfterNebuchadnezzardied,theBabylonianempirequicklydisintegrated.In539B.C.E.CyrusofMediacapturedBabylonwithoutafight.HethensignedanedictallowingJudeanstogohomeiftheywishedandevensupportedtherebuildingofthetempleinJerusalemwithroyalfunds.ManychosetoreturntoJerusalem.
Thefirstgroupofrefugeesreturnedin538B.C.E.ledbySheshbazzar,andlaidthefoundationsforanewtemple...[
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A.BabylonianExile(587-539B.C.E.)ThedemiseofJerusalementailedmajorlossandmassivedisorientationamongtheJudeans.ManydiedinthedestructionofJerusalemin587.ManyothersweredeportedtoBabyloniaintheeventcalledtheexile.ThoseleftinPalestineweredestituteandlackeddirection.Thesurvivorshadlosteverythingwhichpreviouslydefinedthem.
1.Independence.JudeawasnowabackwaterprovinceoftheBabylonianempire.Itwouldnotreg...[
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4.EarlyJudaismThedestructionofJerusalemin587B.C.E.initiatedmassivepolitical,social,andreligiouschangesamongthesurvivors.Thecharacterofbiblicalfaithandsocietychangedmarkedlyduetothiscrisis.IsraelwouldnotexistagainasasovereignstateuntilthesecondcenturyB.C.E.ThedisappearanceofthetemplefromJerusalem(andthereforetheabilitytooffersacrifices)initiatedareconsiderationofwhatcouldconstituteworship.Thechange...[
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C.JudahAlone(721-587B.C.E.)After721B.C.E.Judahwastheonlykingdomof"Israelites"left;theterritorynorthofJudahwasnowanAssyrianprovince.Ahaz,theJudeankingatthetimeofIsrael'sdemise,remainedloyaltoAssyria,buthisson,Hezekiah,establishedallianceswithEgyptandBabylonasahedgeagainstAssyria.ThisrousedSennacherib,kingofAssyria,tomountanattackonJerusalemin701B.C.E.UndermysteriouscircumstancesSennacheribwithdrewh...[
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B.TwoKingdoms(922-721B.C.E.)Solomonmayhavediedinpeacebutheleftbehindaprecariouskingdomandalegacyofresentment.AfterhissonRehoboamtookthethrone,thenorthernleadershipheldaconferencewithhim.TheywantedtofindoutwhetherornothewouldcontinueSolomon'soppressivepolicies.WhenRehoboamrefusedtobackdown,theyrebelledandoptedoutoftheDavidicempire.Rehoboamwaspowerlesstostopthem.
Intheseeventsweseetheold,fiercel...[
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A.UnifiedKingdom(1020-922B.C.E.)InthefaceofthePhilistinecrisis,thetwelvetribesinstitutedamonarchy.Samuel,themostinfluentialpriestandprophetatthattime,designatedSaulfromthetribeofBenjamintobeIsrael'sfirstking.Saulbeganhisreignaround1020B.C.E.
However,thedecisiontohaveakingwasnotaltogetherwellreceived.ThereweremanyinIsraelwhofeltthatcharismaticandadhocleadershipwasthegodlywaytogo.Thetransitionfr...[
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