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Harald Walach 质疑疫苗被开除

(2025-12-01 05:49:15) 下一个

哈拉尔德·瓦拉赫

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Walach?

哈拉尔德·瓦拉赫（Harald Walach，1957年出生）是一位德国超心理学家和替代医学倡导者。

背景
瓦拉赫出生于1957年。他于1984年获得弗莱堡大学心理学学位，1991年获得巴塞尔大学临床心理学博士学位，1995年获得维也纳大学科学史博士学位。1998年，他获得弗莱堡大学心理学特许任教资格。[1] 他曾短暂就职于萨缪利研究所[2]，该研究所于2017年关闭。[3]

他曾在北安普顿大学工作过一段时间[4]，之后担任维亚德里纳欧洲大学跨文化健康研究所所长[4]，负责为医生开设补充医学和文化科学方面的培训课程[5]。2012年，勃兰登堡州大学审查委员会得出结论，瓦拉赫的研究所不应继续在大学内运作[6]。

2017年，他曾在波兹南医科大学担任兼职副教授[7]，为国际医学生教授正念课程[8]。 2021年7月，弗莱堡大学终止了与瓦拉赫的合作关系[9]，原因是他在《疫苗》（Vaccines）杂志上发表了一篇论文，指出瓦拉赫的研究“误导性地使用数据得出错误结论，并可能对公众造成危害”[10]。

哈拉尔德·瓦拉赫参与了2022年的电影《顺势疗法未驳斥？》（Homeopathy Unrefuted?）的拍摄，该片描绘了顺势疗法的支持者们试图解释这种疗法的过程[11]。

出版物和边缘观点

[编辑]

瓦拉赫曾开展研究，探讨补充和替代医学的要素[12][4]，并开发了弗莱堡正念量表[13]。他曾担任神经科学、意识和灵性论文集的编辑[14]，并在2021年之前担任卡格尔出版社期刊《研究补充医学》（Forschende Komplementärmedizin）的主编[15]。

2017年，他创办了CHS研究所，发表自己的文章，包括讽刺新冠疫情的文章[16]和否认疫情的文章[17]。[需要澄清]

瓦拉赫一直倡导修正循证医学的概念[18]，并在其出版物中推广整体疗法和顺势疗法等替代疗法[19]。

自2001年起，瓦拉赫与理论物理学家哈特曼·罗默和哈拉尔德·阿特曼斯帕赫共同开发了一种被称为“弱量子理论”或“广义纠缠”的模型，旨在解释一些异常现象，例如非特异性治疗效果和超心理学说法[20][21][22]。然而，其他物理学家并未认真对待这一模型[23]。

2012年，瓦拉赫获得了奥地利怀疑论者颁发的“金布雷特奖”（Goldenes Brett），该奖项每年颁发给“最令人震惊的伪科学闹剧”。瓦拉赫获奖的部分原因是其指导下完成的一篇关于科济列夫镜的硕士论文，该论文被广泛认为是不科学的。[24][25]

瓦拉赫曾担任名为“CAM-Media Watch”的博客的科学顾问委员会成员，该博客由包括替代医学公司Heel在内的多家机构赞助。该博客自称是推广补充和替代医学（CAM）的“舆论操纵者”。2012年，有报道称该博客曾受雇抹黑埃德扎德·恩斯特（Edzard Ernst），一位批评顺势疗法的科学家。[26][27]

撤稿论文

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截至2024年，瓦拉赫已有四篇论文被撤稿。[28]

2021年6月，瓦拉赫发表了两篇备受瞩目的论文，内容均与新冠疫情相关。其中一篇夸大了疫苗接种的风险，另一篇则得出结论认为儿童不应佩戴口罩。这两篇论文均在次月被撤稿。[29]

第一篇论文发表于《疫苗》（Vaccines）杂志，一周内即被撤稿[30]，原因是“歪曲了新冠疫苗接种工作和数据”、“存在多处从根本上影响研究结果解读的错误”以及“结论不正确且歪曲事实”。[30][31] 该论文发表后，《疫苗》杂志编辑委员会的五名成员集体辞职，抗议其“极其不负责任”。[32]

第二篇论文发表于《美国医学会杂志·儿科学》（JAMA Pediatrics），随即遭到批评。[33]这项研究由一个名为MWGFD的组织资助，该组织成立的目的是为了反对政府的疫情应对措施，并在德国以宣扬新冠阴谋论[34]和散发反疫苗传单而闻名[35]。12天后，由于作者未能提供足够令人信服的证据来解决针对该研究提出的科学问题，期刊撤回了该论文[36]。

2023年，另一篇关于顺势疗法疗效的论文因“对纳入荟萃分析的文章的分析存在担忧”而被撤稿[37]。

2025年，一篇认为安慰剂效应是“临床试验中治疗效果的主要驱动因素”的论文被《临床流行病学杂志》撤稿[38]。

波兹南医科大学在一份新闻声明中与瓦拉赫撇清关系，并声称他的疫苗接种工作是未经证实的。该研究“误导性地使用数据得出错误的结论，可能会对公众造成伤害。”[9]

Harald Walach

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Walach?

Harald Walach (born 1957) is a German parapsychologist and advocate of alternative medicine.

Background

Walach was born in 1957. He received a degree in Psychology from the University of Freiburg in 1984, a PhD in Clinical Psychology from the University of Basel in 1991, and a PhD in History of Science from the University of Vienna in 1995. In 1998 he received his habilitation in psychology from the University of Freiburg.[1] He was affiliated for a time with the Samueli Institute [2] before its closure in 2017.[3]

He worked for a time at the University of Northampton,[4] then as director of the Institute of Transcultural Health Studies at Europa Universität Viadrina,[4] where he led a training course for doctors in complementary medicine and cultural sciences.[5] In 2012, the state of Brandenburg's commission for reviewing Universities concluded that Walach's institute should not be continued within the university.[6]

In 2017, he was a part-time associate professor at Poznań University of Medical Sciences,[7] teaching mindfulness to the international medical students.[8] In July 2021 the university cut its ties with Walach,[9] in response to a paper that he published in Vaccines, stating that Walach's work "misleadingly used data to yield conclusions that are wrong and may lead to public harm."[10]

Harald Walach participated in the 2022 film Homeopathy Unrefuted?, which portrays advocates of homeopathy as they set out to explain this method.[11]

Publications and fringe claims

[edit]

Walach has conducted studies examining elements of complementary and alternative medicine,[12][4] and developed the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory.[13] He was an editor of an essay series on Neuroscience, Consciousness, Spirituality,[14] and until 2021 was editor-in-chief of the Karger journal Forschende Komplementärmedizin.[15]

In 2017, he started the CHS Institute to publish his own writing, including COVID-19 satire[16] and denial.[17] [clarification needed]

Walach has advocated for revision of the concept of evidence-based medicine,[18] promoting holistic and homeopathic alternatives in his publications.[19]

Starting in 2001, along with theoretical physicists Hartmann Römer and Harald Atmanspacher, Walach developed what was termed a model of "weak quantum theory" or "generalised entanglement" that purported to explain anomalous phenomena, such as non-specific therapy effects and parapsychological claims.[20][21][22] This was not taken seriously by other physicists.[23]

In 2012, Walach received the negative prize "Goldenes Brett" from Austrian skeptics, an annual award for the "most astonishing pseudo-scientific nuisance" of the year. The prize was awarded in part for a masters thesis about the Kozyrev mirror conducted under his supervision, which was widely regarded as unscientific.[24][25]

Walach was on the scientific advisory board of a blog called "CAM-Media Watch", which was sponsored by the alternative medicine company Heel, among others. The blog described itself as a "spin doctor" for promoting Complementary and Alternative Medicine ("CAM"). In 2012, it was reported that the blog had been paid to smear Edzard Ernst, a scientist critical of homeopathy.[26][27]

Retracted papers

[edit]

As of 2024, Walach has had four publications retracted.[28]

In June 2021, Walach published two high profile papers containing research pertaining to the COVID-19 pandemic, one exaggerating the risks of vaccination, and the other concluding that children should not wear masks. Both papers were retracted the following month.[29]

The first paper, published in Vaccines, was retracted within a week[30] because of “misrepresentation of the COVID-19 vaccination efforts and misrepresentation of the data,” "several errors that fundamentally affect the interpretation of the findings," and "incorrect and distorted conclusions".[30][31] Five members of the editorial board of Vaccines resigned when the article was published, protesting it as "grossly irresponsible".[32]
The second paper was published in JAMA Pediatrics, to immediate criticism.[33] This study was funded by an organization (MWGFD) that was founded to fight governmental pandemic protocols, and is known in Germany for promoting COVID conspiracy theories[34] and distributing anti-vaccine flyers.[35] The journal retracted the paper 12 days later, after the authors did not provide sufficiently convincing evidence to resolve the scientific issues raised about the study.[36]

In 2023, another paper about the efficacy of homeopathy was retracted "due to concerns regarding the analysis of the articles included in the meta-analysis".[37]

In 2025, a paper arguing that the placebo effect was the "main driver of treatment effects in clinical trials" was retracted from the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology [38]

In a press statement, the Poznań University of Medical Sciences dissociated itself from Walach and asserted that his vaccine study "misleadingly used data to yield conclusions that are wrong and may lead to public harm."[9]