雨清诗词容心阁
木石有约,不负前盟; 红尘万丈,不枉此生.
中国新诗的困境 BY 袁红冰 (转贴自紫影M的转贴:)
古中华文化圣殿中，诗乃至尊之王者；诗意凋残了，古中华文化旷古绝今之神韵便黯然湮灭。
敢问诗为何物，可醉倒万世之英雄美女，百代之才子佳人？对此问，我试答之。
人是心灵的存在形式。如果说理性为心灵之智的根据，情感则是心灵之美的源泉。诗，正是情感为自己创造的丰饶人性之美而沉醉起舞的状态――诗，就是美情感的舞姿。
那些情感丰饶的心灵承载者，或危坐于高崖之上，或狂走于暴风骤雨之中，或流连于花间月下，或惆怅于绵绵阴雨，或漫步于苍茫原野之间，或徘徊于金风黄叶之时，或俯首伫立于大江之畔，或凭崖踞石于怒海之边，或迎风踏雪寻月，或披寒戴霜看梅，纵美酒以放浪形骸，向天地咏诵百种欢跃，千般哀愁，万类爱恨，而感天动地之诗由此如冲决地平线的云海雾涛，浩荡于宇宙之间。
诗于文的区别，在于文可读，而诗必吟诵。吟诵较读，要求音韵更趋近艺术。因此，诗又是音韵的艺术。无音韵，便无诗；无音韵之美，便不配称为诗。当然，音韵只是诗，这情感之舞姿的霓裳羽衣；舞姿之魂，还应数情感意境之美。
吟诵难以表达极致之情，于是乎继之以歌，词由此而生。由吟诵达于歌，音韵更富艺术之魅力。不过纵览古中华诗与词，就心灵意境而言，似乎诗又高于词。这只是感觉之言，不足为论证诗与词高下之据。其实，诗与词虽风格各异，却又珠联璧合。我早以把词归于大“诗”的范畴。
至于元曲，则已进入戏剧之领域。虽不能说其与诗词无关，但毕竟分属不同艺术王国。因之，论诗之文可不涉及。
清朝末年国运倾颓，当时虽不乏慷慨悲歌、救亡图存之士，但是，对中华文化的信心却随国运一起崩溃。
人类的历史本质上是文化史；民族命运的失败本质上是民族文化的失败。不过，近代中国失败的文化原因究竟何在，直至今日也少有中国文人愿意静下古井不波之心，真正研究之。相反，在躁动、茫然，甚至轻浮的民族文化大失败的情绪背景下，彻底诀别中华文化，全面拥抱西方文化，蔚然成为时代之风尚。
应当对中国近代堕落负责的，本是中国的政治文化。然而，中国知识分子却对整个中华文化丧失了信心。结果中国大不幸，引进了西方文化中最坏的一种――马克思主义，失去的乃是中国的文化之魂。
在民族文化失败主义的西风黄叶之下，中华古诗词绝世之美香消玉殒。当时有浅薄的文人欲以新诗代之，他们现把西洋诗翻成中文，按长短句式排列，然后以此为中国新诗的形式之范。这种失魂落魄的模仿，不仅阉割了西洋诗原有的音韵之美，也使中国新诗从出生之日就没有获得杂交优势。
专功模仿并丧失了创造自信的心灵，不可能成为伟大文学之源。中国新诗的命运正论证着这个结论。中国新诗从情感的意境到表现的形式都处于困境之中。姑且不论情感意境，仅就形式而言，新诗近百年，早已凋残了少女的春红，却仍未能为自己找到可以身相许的音韵之美。
并非将文裁成长短句即可成为诗。文之为诗，必有音韵美，可吟诵，甚或可讴歌。中国新诗，既无龙吟虎啸之音，亦无暗香渡柳之韵，更遑论大汉铁板，红颜牙板之律。
我有言，诗为情感之舞姿。若如是，音韵则为情感舞姿之霓裳羽衣。中国新诗没有配称为诗的音韵之美，情感的舞姿被命运剥去霓裳羽衣，如何能驭长风万里，起舞翩翩！素有国色天香之誉的中国诗，现被近现代文人冠以“新”字，成为新诗，其“新”竟在于诗只能跳裸体之舞。思想至此，良足悲矣。
文学史与人类控驭自然能力史的轨迹不同。后者整体间是循一条向上的路进展；文学史则并非如此――古代可能有奇峰突起，现代亦可能堕入万丈深渊。但有尖酸之腐儒凿凿论证，中国文学在先秦已达不可逾越之巅，现代中国文学的衰落是不可回避之宿命。此乃无智无能之辈，无知无识之徒的一大荒谬。
喜剧永远达不到悲剧的魅力，因为悲剧更接近人性。而悲剧总与苦难同在；苦难是熔铸悲剧艺术的金矿――这说起来有些残酷，但至美的深处，总有一抹残酷的笑容不经意间飘忽而过。
暴政之下，人性苦难如血海泪涛；情感痛楚似火裂白骨。暴政万恶，唯有一善：创造了人性苦难的同时，暴政也创造了中国现代文学艺术之金矿。现代中国能否产生伟大的著作、宏丽的史诗，已不缺少人性苦难的素材，端赖有无中华好儿女以心为笔，以血为墨，书写关于自由人性的诗意。
中国最多的是人――卑俗的动物性的人；最少的也是人――充满诗意的高贵心灵。
且看中国千万官办学者御用文人，或趋炎附势于官场，或皓首穷经于书斋，他们眼中哪有半分诗情，他们胸中哪有一丝高山流水之雅意。他们的生命就如一座座焚尸炉，燃烧的唯有腾腾物欲，被焚毁的则是人性中对艺术之美的向往。
诚然，亦有麟毛凤角之自由写作者，灵感天成，创造出一些值得藏之于金册的诗句。不过，那毕竟只是茶杯里的风暴，决然无法形成犹如中华古诗词磅礴千万里的文化大潮，甚至也根本没有能力预言那种文化大潮。之所以如此，全在于中国现代诗人心灵之意境难以达到诗的高贵。
诗有冰清玉洁之质，她只会委身于圣洁的心灵。污迹斑斑的凡俗之心，万难企及诗之至美。今之自由写作者，虽不愿做专制之精神奴隶，但其中许多人却无法挣脱虚荣和俗誉的羁绊。为得世俗浮名，竟达心机百端，寝食难安，憔悴如朽木之境。此类文人或结党以贬损他人，或朋比以互相吹捧；其心中对世俗虚名的渴望超过对诗意之美的忠诚。他们不懂一个基本的真理：在专制的中国，同自由人性一致的伟大作品向来是在，也只能是在历史深情的回顾中被肯定。此类俗物中，更有不堪者，竟把北欧小国，由一群全然不知中华文化为何物之委员决定的文学奖，视为圣物，以至于有人为之如醉如痴，似疯似癫，积怨成心疾，积思成心痨。
心境如此，夫复何言。如此俗气熏天之心，怎可做诗的栖息之所。情由心生。心在庸人意识中腐烂了，情感就变得肮脏。而诗意只会把艺术之美的梦境送给圣洁的情操。
“对我诗的世俗的奖赏，就是对我高贵心灵的侮辱，就是对我创造的艺术之美的亵渎。因为，诗之美，是燃烧在永恒和无限之巅的圣火，她超越一切世俗的奖赏。”――当现代中国诗人能高傲地向历史这样宣誓时，中国新诗或许才会有希望成为伟大的艺术。
我于弱冠之际，便立于高山之巅，向苍天和大地泣血名志：此生定将让美丽人性的苦难升华为自由的哲理和人性的史诗。其后三十余年，遍历苦难，超越生死，终成文学巨著四部，英雄人格哲学三卷。
把酒临风，抚书长啸，自谓可以万古不朽――不是我的生命不朽，也不是我的灵魂不朽，我平生只愿生命最终被埋葬在金色的火焰之中，让我的灵魂随金焰化为飞灰，托荒野上漫游万里的风，将心灵之灰一缕送往无人的天际，送进深紫如梦的落日――而是峻峭的人性苦难，已被我的心灵雕刻成万古不朽的艺术品。我不知道中国未来如何；我亦不知命运是否要用中国为暴政殉葬。但我相信，无论中国命运怎样，我的作品都将为我终生苦恋的中华文化，赢得几许历史的尊敬。
文学创作是我的天职；天职已尽，应当死去。即便明日便有万里飞电，划破无垠苍穹，降天雷降我殛死，我自己亦了无遗憾。唯一不能忘情之处只在于，未见中国新诗成一绝代佳人。
现代中国诗艺术的复兴，已不可循复古之路。古中华，诗才天纵、诗意锦绣之奇才，云蒸霞蔚。一代代诗人呕心沥血，刻骨铭心，终成就人类文化史之大美。中华古诗词实可谓已臻化境。在其自身的艺术形式范畴内，古诗词的诗意美已再没有发展自己的余地，因为，亲吻过无限的美――古诗词诗意之美已穷尽了无限，只有对过去的怀恋，没有对未来的追求。不能达到无限者，只好黯然神伤地湮灭于虚无；穷尽无限者则应当辉煌地诀别命运。辉煌的诀别本应意味着另一种艺术热恋的创生，只不过中国近代国运不济，古中华诗词的墓碑竟是立在文化失败主义的万里萧索之上。
中国新诗唯有以天启的创造，方能找到只属于她的艺术之灵，方能开拓出供天马行空的万里云海。然而，成至美之事业，当需卓而不凡之俊杰。中国新诗的困境正呼唤现代诗圣。
具备何等素质，方有可能成为诗圣？一曰诗意丰饶、灿若朝霞之情；二曰狂放飘逸、出尘脱俗之心；三曰深谙音律、敏感如弦之灵。
我有诗意如霞之情，当不必怀疑。想当年第一本哲学著作在北京大学问世，学生便称为诗人哲学家之作；此次流亡海外，四本小说出版后，一读者为我数百万言小说作一句评――“袁红冰的眼睛：诗的栖息处”。
我亦有狂放飘逸、出尘脱俗之心。我的灵魂本就是起自于内蒙古高原的一缕清风，生来便向往形而上的自由；庸人俗物的追求，从不在我只注视万里蓝天的视野之内。
唯于音韵一事，我无大灵性。虽自少年时，便常与蒙古女儿纵酒痛饮，狂歌醉舞，但诗之音韵律法乃大艺术，非有天启，不足以大成。唯能使流逝的时间都颓然醉倒，为之流连的音韵美，方配作“美情感舞姿”的霓裳羽衣。只因此，我不敢问诗圣事。但不知，茫茫人海之间，还能否有敢问之人。
人世间千苦万苦，最苦莫过于中国自由写作者的心灵之苦；人世间千难万难，最难莫过于自由写作者的创作之难。对于中国的自由写作者，文学创作就是苦难而神圣的事业。因此，凡愿承受神圣的艰难者，方可问诗圣之事。
近日夜半更深，风急雨冷之际，常听门外有中国新诗之孤魂，如蒲松龄笔下善良之狐精，纤弱之艳鬼，喁喁而泣，似若求助。不禁悲难自已，故成此文。
只可惜我之情已献于小说、哲学，或许还有法学。真挚之爱乃艰难；对艺术之爱更是艰难至极。数十年艰难，我心已成顽石，不配再爱新诗妖娆之魂。唯有同之垂泪而已。
不过，想到尚有海子、杨春光等愿以生命殉诗的至情至性之人，泪尽之处，似乎看到晨光一抹，如血如诗。
（袁红冰：中国流亡作家、法学家，著有《自由在落日中》、《文殇》、《金色的圣山》、《回归荒凉》、《英雄人格哲学》、《法的精神漫谈》、《民主与共和》等著作。这些书，在 http://www.fireofliberty.org 上都能找到。）
好诗需要感情，也需要理智。把只有感情而理智浅薄的诗当做好诗是个误区。
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Reading 袁红冰, and my concurrent thoughts last 3 months
BY 博弈 于 2006-04-04 09:17:41
如果一个文化不能用当代的语言创造当代的诗，那是很悲哀的。
读 中国新诗的困境-袁红冰 感。
Recently I studied more of China. I come to realize one simple fact I should have known. Confucius doctrine was not taught much in China. It forms the basic cultural ingredient of Chinese History, if not as the most important one. A friend told me her brother married a 26 year old Chinese woman and before long, the lying and tricks were beyond imagination. She described her experience with this girl from China as: cruel, material and selfish, worst of all, no way to communicate. Of course, one example does not represent all, but it is very common by many's experiences. My friend is a highly moral, traditional girl working as a teacher in Taiwan. She said, in Taiwan, schools still value tradition Chinese virtues. Philosophy forms the basic belief of life and ways for comprehension of things around entities. I told her, what she saw was consequences of an education of different Chinese land governed by communism and post Cultural Revolution generations. This generation is self-centric in mind process, for they have not seen other ways, the ones studying abroad are starting to expose to different life styles now. They are not at fault; Mao is at fault as the root, for he destroyed Chinese Culture for political cause.
For her story, I wrote a sarcastic verse;
Love-Made in China
Like many things
Counterfeit with
No Replacement
(PS. Some company wanted to get patent of the name "Not made in China". That's a strong signal!)
Looking at Singapore, Korea and Japan, or Chinese in States, if not Taiwan, these places are more cordial and respectful simply because these countries or people still keep some tradition culture and mix it well with modern wisdom and philosophy. They still carry some Confucius doctrine in family value or social orders. It is also easier for people of the similar culture to understand each other. Lots of misunderstanding and miscommunication are incurred between Mainland Chinese and citizens in these countries due to the basic difference of inheritance of cultural heritage. The new China is really a different species in terms of culture.
While staying in Beijing, one may think it is very ‘cultural,’ look deeper you will see all the cultural things one admires are from the past, the new Chinese adopted them for economic incentives, money is the key, as long as it makes money or foreigners buy it, they will put on new make-up and present them as a cultural package. Do they understand or believe in it? You will be shocked to find out.
I began to believe more and more, sooner or later, Chinese in Mainland China would start to re-examine the culture essence issue and conflicts with the past changes.
My definition of China is a cultural one, not a political one. Management can change and changes every 200 years of so in Chinese history; culture is the thread and the root differentiates Chinese from the world, if you cut it or throw it away, it is no longer China or Chinese.
I still enjoy the leftover and aftermath of Cultural Revolution (what a brave name) in mainland, however I need to dig deeper to appreciate the essence. I hope people there start to look for good old virtues from the long history. As long as it is good, keep it, don’t throw it away simply because it is old or for revolution causes. Teach your children well so they win respect! Citizens are like sheep, the governor is like a shepherd; lead them to the right way. People mess is the most valuable asset of China; the management used them to attract foreign investments, boasting the concept of capitalistic scale of economy. A society needs independent thinkers, brainwashing slows civil evolution. Revolution is not the right way; evolution is, when it comes to culture. A regime, a different story then.
Right now, from high rank government officials to street vendors, when sun comes up, they wake up with the same thought: how to make more money in the shortest way! I hope to find some with independent thinking, liberated thinking, from within China.
To Mao and current China, I wrote in my diary;
China
The ghost of Mao lingers
Walking with Marxism in my vast land
He grins in the clouds
People brain-washed, blindly loyal to motherland where
The ways things are, ha, not the ways things were
Never think it is traditional because of its name
China
Newer generations shrug nonsense that they are selfish
The world owes them, every behavior is justified
Who is the teacher behind this grand plot to alter Chinese genes?
The humanity cut off from the roots
Missing links never explained as the old deceased, however;
The genes remain the same to deceive the other Chinese sheeps
Where do I find decent Chinese these days?
Anywhere but in China, excuse my honesty
Yet they are suffered in subtle pains
Bearing the side effect of mainland Chinese
The burden of a brand name is on every one’s forehead
Until one shows personality of a kind to distinguish
Borrow the Chinese characters
Breed a different species
Tell them this is the New China
But my father told me: NO, not!
Can a more culture centered China exist?
Never equate the system with Chinese because of its name
China
说起来也真不好意思,见识浅薄,从你的ZT里才略知袁红冰其人其文. 贴到此处, 也是因为文章中透出的激情,精神和振奋, 也不失一定的道理. 至于其他,例如作者自身的背景和理念等等,不作追究也不作褒贬之评. 因为与我们需要关心的诗词本身没有多大联系.
只要从中能吸收到一定的养分,能引发出一番思考,就是有所裨益,庆幸不已了.应该着眼的,是诗词,是文化,是出路,是前景,若只着眼于一点某个人的对错,则难免纠缠于无关紧要的细节,难免更趋迷失.
个人愚见,见笑了. MM你若有空,也请多发表一下意见/作品,多多批评,多多交流. 就怕我这园地狭小空间有限,委屈了MM :) 见谅啊. :)