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英国最新研究：鱼类和素食可以降低癌症发病率

(2012-02-05 09:39:21) 下一个

鱼类和素食可以降低癌症发病率(除宫颈癌和脑瘤需要更多研究外)。鱼类比素食更优。请关注highlighted部分。在消化道方面鱼类更优，在泌尿生殖道和造血系统方面素食更佳(RR为危险指数，>1,比肉食危险，<1比肉食佳，Pvalue<=0.05有意义).

Numbers of incident malignant cancers (N) and relative risks (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) by diet group among 33 697 meat eaters, 8901 fish eaters and 21 810 vegetarians^a

Cancer site

Meat eater

Fish eater

Vegetarian

P for heterogeneity

(ICD-10 codes)

RR (95% CI)

Upper GI tract (C00-10, 13, 15)

0.44 (0.16–1.25)

0.81 (0.45–1.46)

0.218

Stomach (C16)

0.29 (0.07–1.20)

0.36 (0.16–0.78)

0.007

Colorectum (C18–20)

243

0.77 (0.53–1.13)

110

1.12 (0.87–1.44)

0.177

Colon (C18)

156

0.68 (0.41–1.14)

1.12 (0.81–1.54)

0.173

Rectum (C19–20)

0.92 (0.51–1.64)

1.12 (0.75–1.67)

0.776

Pancreas (C25)

0.82 (0.34–1.96)

0.94 (0.52–1.71)

0.898

Lung (C34)

114

0.59 (0.29–1.23)

1.11 (0.75–1.65)

0.225

Melanoma (C43)

115

0.90 (0.55–1.47)

0.89 (0.61–1.29)

0.799

Female breast (C50)

654

133

1.05 (0.86–1.28)

237

0.91 (0.77–1.08)

0.383

Cervix (C53)

2.05 (0.91–4.63)

2.08 (1.05–4.12)

0.069

Endometrium (C54)

0.61 (0.29–1.30)

0.75 (0.45–1.28)

0.304

Ovary (C56)

0.37 (0.18–0.77)

0.69 (0.45–1.07)

0.007

Prostate (C61)

207

0.57 (0.33–0.99)

0.87 (0.64–1.18)

0.092

Kidney (C64)

0.36 (0.09–1.52)

0.76 (0.36–1.58)

0.252

Bladder (C67)

0.81 (0.36–1.81)

0.47 (0.25–0.89)

0.05

Brain (C71)

1.39 (0.69–2.80)

1.25 (0.72–2.16)

0.581

Lymphatic/haematopoietic tissue (C81–96)

180

0.85 (0.56–1.29)

0.55 (0.39–0.78)

0.002

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (C82–85)

0.86 (0.47–1.58)

0.57 (0.35–0.95)

0.079

Multiple myeloma (C90)

0.72 (0.25–2.10)

0.25 (0.08–0.73)

0.015

Leukaemia (C91–95)

1.18 (0.58–2.40)

0.78 (0.43–1.43)

0.565

All sites (C00–97)

2204

317

0.82 (0.73–0.93)

829

0.88 (0.81–0.96)

0.001

ICD=International Classification of Diseases; GI=gastrointestinal.

^a Estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression with age as the underlying time variable, adjusted for smoking (never smoker, former smoker, light smoker (<15 cigarettes per day, or cigar or pipe smokers only), heavy smoker (>=15 cigarettes per day)), alcohol consumption (<1, 1–7, 8–15, 16+ g ethanol per day, unknown), body mass index (<20.0, 20.0–22.4, 22.5–24.9, 25.0–27.4, 27.5+ kg m^-2, unknown), physical activity level (low, high, unknown) and, for the women-only cancers, parity (none, 1–2, 3+, unknown) and oral contraceptive use (ever, never, unknown), and stratified by sex (where appropriate) and study/method of recruitment, using separate models for each end point.

http://www.nature.com/bjc/journal/v101/n1/fig_tab/6605098t2.html#figure-title

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