藏红花有抗癌作用？

  近年来，科学家发现藏红花的花蕊中含有的藏红花酸（Crocitin）、藏红花(safranal)、藏红花素(Crocin)和藏红花苦素
(Protocrocin)等都具有较强的抗癌活性。特别对于血癌细胞、乳头癌、扁平细胞瘤和软组织肉瘤等都具有较强的抑制作用。
其抗癌机制是抑制癌细胞的DNA和RNA合成，抑制细胞蛋白激酶的活性和原癌基因的表达，抑制苯并芘和12-O-14酰基磷酮-13
乙酸盐（TPA）等致癌物质的毒性，从分子水平抑制肿瘤的形成。其癌细胞的半致死量为0.8～2muM，毒性远远小于维甲酸，
因此，藏红花素等抗癌活性物质将成为21世纪最理想的抗癌药物之一。 
引自http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/1399485 

Crocetin: An Agent Derived from Saffron (Hong Hua) for Prevention and Therapy for Cancer

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the United States and accounts for approximately 8 million deaths per year worldwide. Although there is an increasing number of therapeutic options available for patients with cancer, their efficacy is time-limited and non-curative. Approximately 50-60% of cancer patients in the United States utilize agents derived from different parts of plants or nutrients (complementary and alternative medicine), exclusively or concurrently with traditional therapeutic regime such as chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. The need for new drugs has prompted studies evaluating possible anti-cancer agents in fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices. Saffron, a spice and a food colorant present in the dry stigmas of the plant Crocus sativus L., has been used as an herbal remedy for various ailments including cancer by the ancient Arabian, Indian and Chinese cultures. Crocetin, an important carotenoid constituent of saffron, has shown significant potential as an anti-tumor agent in animal models and cell culture systems. Crocetin affects the growth of cancer cells by inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis, enhancing anti-oxidative system, inducing apoptosis and hindering growth factor signaling pathways.

Gutheil WG, et al. Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA. [e-mail]. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2011 Apr 5. Source: PubMed

引自http://acam.typepad.com/blog/2011/05/saffron-research-shows-anti-cancer-activity.html