Foxconn 富士康
(2010-05-28 09:04:22)
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in an episode that has put the Taiwanese company under a spotlight.
Hon Hai, which is known by the trade name Foxconn and makes a slew of products for the world\'s biggest electronics companies, said it is cooperating with the investigation and expressed regret over the suicide of Sun Danyong, a 25-year-old recent engineering graduate who worked as an administrative staffer at a company plant in Shenzhen.
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Associated Press
Hon Hai, whose factory in Shenzhen in southern China is pictured above, said it is cooperating in the investigation of the suicide of an employee.
.Hon Hai also said it suspended a security official who had questioned Mr. Sun before his death. The security official couldn\'t be reached for comment. Local authorities said Mr. Sun jumped from the 12th floor of his apartment building in Shenzhen last Thursday.
The group and I are saddened by the tragic loss of this young employee, said James Lee, chief commerce officer for Hon Hai\'s China operation. My apologies to Sun Danyong\'s family.
Neither Hon Hai nor police disclosed further details surrounding Mr. Sun\'s death or his role at the company. But in an acknowledgment of local media reports that Mr. Sun may have been mistreated while under questioning, Mr. Lee said, We never authorized anyone to conduct any moves beyond the law.
A spokesman for Apple said, We are saddened by the tragic loss of this young employee and we are awaiting results of the investigations into his death. We require that our suppliers treat all workers with dignity and respect.
According to local media reports, which couldn\'t be independently confirmed, Mr. Sun was questioned about the disappearance of a prototype of Apple\'s next-generation iPhone. The reports also said he had been beaten.
Digits
Reports of Suicide in China Linked to Missing iPhone
.The attention underscores the secrecy and speculation that surrounds Apple\'s development of its newest products, particularly the bestselling iPhone and its iPod digital music player. The company requires its contractors to keep future product plans closely guarded, and their work is often the subject of scrutiny by journalists and industry watchers.
Hon Hai in particular has been under a spotlight for its work with Apple. In August 2006, Hon Hai sued two Chinese journalists in Shenzhen for reporting workers assembling iPods in its Shenzhen factory were forced to work overtime. It denied the accusation, but withdrew the case weeks later as public pressure against it mounted.
Mr. Sun\'s death has sparked a public backlash in China, where Hon Hai\'s hierarchical management style has been the subject of criticism. In its statement Wednesday, Hon Hai said Mr. Sun\'s death was a sign of management problems and vowed to do a better job to help its employees with psychological pressures. Sun\'s suicide, no matter what, to a certain extent reflects the inadequacy of our internal management, the statement said.
—Yukari Iwatani Kane and Juliet Ye contributed to this article.
华尔街日报∶自杀事件令富士康遭遇空前拷问 综合新闻
苹果(Apple Inc.)、惠普(Hewlett-Packard Co.)等电子企业说,它们将调查重要供应商鸿海精密工业股份有限公司(Hon Hai Precision Industry Co.)针对一连串员工自杀事件采取的应对措施。自杀事件使这家亚洲制造业巨头受到前所未有的拷问,也凸显了中国制造业劳动力群体发生的变化。这几家科技公司承诺进行调查之时,鸿海作风强硬的董事长郭台铭(Terry Gou)正采取措施,防止员工死亡事件群发产生越来越广泛的影响。不久,周三夜间,鸿海又一名员工疑因自杀而死亡。
??官方媒体新华社报道了周三的事件。到此为止,鸿海在深圳庞大的龙华园区已发生10起员工死亡事件,其中多数发生在4月份以来。另外还有两名员工因自杀未遂而受伤。龙华是一个封闭式园区,大门有人把守,内有数十丌工人。周三早些时候,一向保密行事的鸿海开放龙华园区让一群记者参观,并承诺在员工宿舍配备安全网,防止更多员工跳楼自杀。
??59岁的郭台铭在拥有数十幢万房和员工宿舍的龙华园区对媒体记者说,“因为没有办法阻止这些事情一再发生,在过去的两个月里,我很害怕晚上11点后或者凌晨接到电话”。他对这些事件表示“致歉”,但为鸿海的应对措施进行了辩护。他说∶“我们需要时间。但是我们有信心、有很强的意愿、有很强的决心(来处理这个问题)。”
??苹果、惠普等公司周三发表的声明是鸿海客户第一次对自杀事件公开置评。鸿海也被人以其商标名称“富士康”(Foxconn)相称,总部位于台湾,由郭台铭于1974年创立,按收入计算是世界上最大的电子产品外包商。它为苹果组装iPad和MacBook,也为戴尔(Dell Inc.)和诺基亚(Nokia Corp.)等品牌组装电脑等电子产品。苹果方面说,我们对富士康近期的自杀事件感到悲伤和不安。苹果还说,它已指派一个团队评估鸿海处理自杀事件的措施。这家位于加利福尼亚州Cupertino的公司说,它正在同鸿海的高级管理层接触,并相信他们在非常认真地应对这件事情。
??世界最大的个人电脑生产商惠普说,它正在调查富士康可能与这些悲剧性事件相关的做法。戴尔的一位发言人说,任何有关戴尔供应链恶劣工作条件的报道都得到调查,并且如果得到证实,都采取恰当的措施。诺基亚说,我们已经同富士康接触,以保证只要有问题,这些问题都得到了发现和处理。鸿海精密发生一系列自杀事件的深层原因并不简单。该公司及其子公司在中国大陆雇工约有82丌人,其中45丌位于龙华基地及附近的多个工万内。考虑到中国整体的自杀率,鸿海精密的死亡率从统计学意义上讲并不突出,但短时间内接连发生自杀事件却非同寻常。这种自杀模式类似于心理学家所说的“群体自杀”,即一起自杀引起诸多盲目效仿者,这种现象通常发生在学校或年轻人聚集的群体中。
??公众对鸿海精密员工自杀事件的关注不断上升,中国政府官员已宣布正在对此进行调查。但迄今当局一直未表明公司有过失。劳工权益倡议人士说,这一系列的死亡事件表明鸿海精密对待员工的方式有问题。这里的工人基本工资为每月900元人民币(约132美元),为法定最低工资,但大多数工人都加班,加班工资以小时计,为标准工资的1.5倍或更多。批评人士说,鸿海精密强迫或允许工人超时工作超过了法定加班时间,而且其军事化的严格管理及单调的工作环境对工人产生了过度压力。
??不过劳工权益倡议人士也说,鸿海精密的工作环境好于中国大陆的许多工万,近年来,工万的工作条件持续改善。鸿海精密说,该公司的薪酬及加班操作均符合当地的劳动法规定,并遵循电子行业公民联盟( Electronic Industry Citizenship Coalition) 为全球电子产品供应商制定的行为准则。公司已采取了一系列防自杀措施,包括设立防自杀电话热线,聘请专家及顾问进行咨询,还邀请了僧人来万做法事等。总部位于纽约的中国劳工观察(China Labor Watch)的常务董事李强说,另一个问题是鸿海精密的龙华基地真是太大了。这些年轻工人觉得没有人关心他们。他说,鸿海精密的做法未能跟上龙华等沿海工万雇用的民工的变化。
??李强及中国其他学者与劳工专家们说,之前的上几代民工主要来自中国大陆贫穷的内地农村,对艰苦的农活习已为常,更专注于赚钱。而如今的年轻工人们对农村的认同感要差,更多意识到他们自身的艰苦生活与中国社会中的其他人拥有财富及舒 生活之间的差距。上海华东师范大学的心理学教授李国瑞说,这一代民工与上几代民工很不一样,当代民工处于的这个时代,很容易通过手机、媒体及互联网获得信息。他们很容易知道其他同龄人的生活。如今的年轻工人不想成为赚钱的机器。19岁的李海周二从一座培训中心的五楼窗户跳楼身亡后,警方找到了一封遗书,信中他向亲人表示了歉意。新华社援引警方的话报导,遗书中称其自杀是因为心理压力大,感到现实与其对前途的期望差距较大,兼之家庭因素等原因,失去生活信心。
??尽管劳动维权人士称龙华是“血汗工万”,它看起来却丝毫不像这个词语让人联想起的小说家狄更斯笔下的肮脏悲惨。周三,数千名工人身穿带彩色制服、戴着身份识别卡,走在绿树成荫的路上,其他人则在提供各种地方菜的食堂里用餐。该万设有一个医院、一间书店,还有数不尽的低矮万房。一个横幅上宣传的是公司卡拉OK比赛。22岁的员工刘日 (音)站在餐厅外,吸着烟,他说压力是可以控制的。他说,人们时不时地抱怨,不过对我的影响并不大。鸿海的文化是围绕着郭台铭的个性建立起来的。郭台铭是借母亲的钱生产电视频道转换钮起家,而去年鸿海发展已经成为一个收入达600多亿美元的大型企业。郭台铭将强力驱策与军事化领导风格融合在一起。2007年他少有地接受了《华尔街日报》的采访,他说成吉思汗是他的个人英雄,还说他恨自己成名了。
??鸿海的失误令一系列自杀事件引发的不良舆论雪上加霜。郭台铭周三宣布,该公司将在未来几周内在建诛物周围设置150丌平方米的安全网,此话被讽说明公司预计会有更多的跳楼事件。郭台铭还被迫在前一天晚上公开收回了一封被一些人视为麻木不仁的致员工信。苹果公司过去曾因鸿海的问题而陷入争议。2006年,有媒体报导龙华工人待遇差,苹果随之派出了一个调查组。调查组发现了数起违反《供应商行为守则》的行为,包括工人工作时间超过了建议的每周60小时,不过调查组说整体上讲鸿海在大部分方面符合它的规定。苹果继续定期检查该工万,对其他供应商也是如此。这样的检查通常包括察看设施,与员工面谈,这些公司说这是为了让员工不受到管理层的胁迫。各公司很难把鸿海从它们的供应链中去除,目前为止,尚没有公司表示正在考虑这样做。一些中国分析人士说,鸿海的问题凸显出工万工人的待遇急需改善。清华大学教授郭于华说,鸿海是中国劳动体制的一个缩影。 ??
来源∶华尔街日报