spring 2.5 with tiles 2.0

Spring 2.5.1 MVC + Tiles 2.0.5 基本配置

当我兴致高昂的从http://tiles.apache.org下载了tiles的jar包，并且按照google上搜到的一篇教程http://esffor.javaeye.com/blog/96052进行部署，却怎么也测试不成功。
页面中的和都无法正常输出，日志打印出TilesContainer not initialized的异常信息。

我已经注意到：

<definition name="template" page="/WEB-INF/tiles/mainTemplate.jsp">
    <put name="title" value="default title"/>
    <put name="header" value="/WEB-INF/tiles/header.jsp"/>
    <put name="content" value="/WEB-INF/tiles/content.jsp"/>
    <put name="footer" value="/WEB-INF/tiles/footer.jsp"/>
definition>

在tiles2中必须改为：

<definition name="template"
    template="/WEB-INF/tiles/mainTemplate.jsp">
    <put-attribute name="title" type="string" value="default title" />
    <put-attribute name="header" type="template"
        value="/WEB-INF/tiles/header.jsp" />
    <put-attribute name="content" type="template"
        value="/WEB-INF/tiles/content.jsp" />
    <put-attribute name="footer" type="template"
        value="/WEB-INF/tiles/footer.jsp" />
definition>

网络上使用Spring mvc+tiles的案例和文章极少，我怀疑是Spring 2.0不支持tiles2，但是在tiles的官网上已经找不到更早的版本了。

幸运的是，Spring官网已经发布了2.5.1，在官网2.5.1文档http://static.springframework.org/spring/docs/2.5.x/reference/view.html#view-tiles中，我看到了

14.3. Tiles

It is possible to integrate Tiles - just as any other view technology - in web applications using Spring. The following describes in a broad way how to do this.

NOTE: This section focuses on Spring's support for Tiles 2 (the standalone version of Tiles, requiring Java 5+) in the org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles2 package. Spring also continues to support Tiles 1.x (a.k.a. "Struts Tiles", as shipped with Struts 1.1+; compatible with Java 1.4) in the original org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles package.

14.3.1. Dependencies

To be able to use Tiles you have to have a couple of additional dependencies included in your project. The following is the list of dependencies you need.

·         Tiles version 2.0.4 or higher

·         Commons BeanUtils

·         Commons Digester

·         Commons Logging

These dependencies are all available in the Spring distribution.

看来我的怀疑是正确的。

以下是Spring 2.5.1 MVC + Tiles 2.0.5的配置：

---

从sourceforge下载spring-framework-2.5.1-with-dependencies.zip，并从中拉出以下jar文件（最小化依赖）
#spring 2.5.1
commons-logging.jar
log4j-1.2.14.jar

spring-beans.jar
spring-core.jar
spring-context.jar

spring-web.jar
spring-webmvc.jar

#with tiles 2.0.5
commons-beanutils-1.7.0.jar
commons-digester-1.8.jar

tiles-core-2.0.5.jar
tiles-api-2.0.5.jar
tiles-jsp-2.0.5.jar

jstl.jar

#当然，除此之外还需要为web工程加入j2ee 1.4的Libraries和JDK1.5或以上的Libraries。

步骤：
1、最好配置好log4j，便于在配置过程中排错。
2、修改web.xml文件

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>trainingservlet-name>
        <servlet-class>
            org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
        servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1load-on-startup>
    servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>trainingservlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.htmurl-pattern>
    servlet-mapping>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jspwelcome-file>
    welcome-file-list>
web-app>

3、在WEB-INF目录下增加training-servlet.xml文件，修改其内容为：

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd">

<beans>
    <bean name="/home.htm" class="Action.TilesHomeController">bean>
    <bean id="viewResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass"
            value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles2.TilesView" />
    bean>
    <bean id="tilesConfigurer"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles2.TilesConfigurer">
        <property name="definitions">
            <list>
                <value>/WEB-INF/defs/tiles-def.xmlvalue>
            list>
        property>
    bean>
beans>

4、在WEB-INF目录下增加defs/tiles-def.xml，其内容如下：

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
DOCTYPE tiles-definitions PUBLIC
       "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Tiles Configuration 2.0//EN"
       "http://tiles.apache.org/dtds/tiles-config_2_0.dtd">
<tiles-definitions>
    <definition name="template"
        template="/WEB-INF/tiles/mainTemplate.jsp">
        <put-attribute name="title" type="string" value="default title" />
        <put-attribute name="header" type="template"
            value="/WEB-INF/tiles/header.jsp" />
        <put-attribute name="content" type="template"
            value="/WEB-INF/tiles/content.jsp" />
        <put-attribute name="footer" type="template"
            value="/WEB-INF/tiles/footer.jsp" />
    definition>
    <definition name="courseDetail" extends="template">
        <put-attribute name="title" value="courseDetail title"
            type="string" />
        <put-attribute name="content" type="template"
            value="/WEB-INF/tiles/courseContent.jsp" />
    definition>
tiles-definitions>

5、在WEB-INF目录下增加tiles目录，并在tiles目录下增加以下文件：
mainTemplate.jsp

<%...@ page session="false"%>
<%...@ taglib uri="http://tiles.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles"%>
<html>
    <head>
        <title><tiles:getAsString name="title" />
        title>
    head>
    <body>
        <table border="2" width="300" bordercolor="Gray">
            <tr>
                <td bgcolor="Blue">
                    <tiles:insertAttribute name="header" />
                td>
            tr>
            <tr>
                <td>
                    <tiles:insertAttribute name="content" />
                td>
            tr>
            <tr>
                <td>
                    <tiles:insertAttribute name="footer" />
                td>
            tr>
        table>
    body>
html>

header.jsp

this is from header

content.jsp

<h1>
    this is from content
h1>

footer.jsp

this is from footer

courseContent.jsp

<%...@page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%...@ taglib uri="http://tiles.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles"%>
this is courseContent

6、在src下增加一个java class文件：Action.TilesHomeController.java：

package Action;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.validation.BindException;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractCommandController;

public class TilesHomeController extends AbstractCommandController ...{

    protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest arg0,
            HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception ...{
        return new ModelAndView("courseDetail");
    }

    @Override
    protected ModelAndView handle(HttpServletRequest arg0,
            HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, BindException arg3)
            throws Exception ...{
        return null;
    }

}

7、部署到tomcat 5.x，启动Tomcat，访问http://localhost:8080/exercise-2.5.1/home.htm，可看到如下网页：

this is from header

this is courseContent

this is from footer

这就说明Spring 2.5 MVC + tiles 2配置成功了。