由“闻香识文化”想到的
(2006-12-14 16:05:39)
下一个
花了点时间读亲密的“闻香识文化”,有一些想法,写出来讨论。
显然这篇是一个系列的开头,作者引用了电影“心灵捕手”里Sean谈艺术一段话,然后有两段解读。文章的主要观点应该是:
“对于艺术,人生,文化来说,重要的不是了解与知道,不是某种知识意义上的博学(the skinny)。重要的是沉浸于其中的感动,what it smells like, 这里的这个闻用得极好,而这个闻,是通往识之感动的必经之路。”
“沉浸于其中”才能“识之感动”,是对的,但用Sean的这段话印证,有点简单化。Sean想说的概括起来就是:
“纸上得来终觉浅,绝知此事要躬行。”
这就涉及到“知识”和“个人体验”的获得途径了。
这是大问题,我只是简单说几句:
1。我们(在文革中受教育长大的)按照习惯把认识分为感性和理性两类,其实德国古典哲学的感性-知性-理性的三段式可能更合理一些(arguably)。
理解“感性-知性-理性”的获得方式需要理解黑格尔的三范畴即“普遍性、特殊性与个体性。”
黑格尔提出的三范畴在文学文化领域,可以简单概括为“情况-情境-情节”,即“情况”相当于三范畴中的普遍性,“情境”相当于特殊性,“情节”相当于个体性。
Sean教育Will说他只知道从书上获得的“普遍性”,没有相应的“情节”基础。但我想说的是Sean过分强调了“情节”(个体体验),忽略了中间环节“情境”(特殊性),导致观众看低“情况”(如亲密就说了“重要的不是了解与知道”)。
有时“情境”也可以通过书本或生活中类似场景获得。(世界上大部分人对马斯洛金字塔上中层相关的东东还是靠书本或生活中类似场景获得。),芸芸众生有悟性的并不多啊!
这就涉及到认知过程(如特化阶段-泛化阶段-分化阶段-概括化阶段四个时期),螺旋循环认知方式,等等,又是大问题,不展开。
2。回到Sean的话,首先“the skinny”不是“博学”的意思:
skinny
(1) : resembling skin
(2) a : lacking sufficient flesh : very thin 。b : lacking usual or desirable bulk, quantity, qualities, or significance
翻成“皮毛浅见”“肤浅”可能更好。
Sean说别人(书本)的“情况”如果没有个人的“情节”相支撑,就是Skinny。但如果Will反问,就算有了许多个人经历的“情节”,如果没有悟性,那不就是猪八戒?
3。翻译了SEAN说的前一段,给不习惯英文的朋友参考。
Sean to Will: 所以跟你谈艺术,你就会搬出艺术书籍中的肤浅论调,比如关于米开朗基罗,你知道他很多,他的政治抱负、他和教皇、性取向、所有作品,对吗?但你没有体验过西斯庭教堂的氛围,因为你从没有站在那儿,仰头静赏过那美妙的天花板,而我欣赏过。如果聊关于女人的事,你多半会说出些个人喜好一二三,你可能跟女人上过几次床,但你说不出在女人身旁醒来体会到幸福的感觉。说到战争,你引用莎士比亚的话“共赴战场,亲爱的朋友,”但你甚至从没接近过战争,从没有把战友的头抱在膝上,看着他无助地吐出最后一口气。谈到爱情,你也许会引用哪些十四行诗,但你没体验过为女人而变得脆弱的感觉,她能以眼神击垮你,感觉上帝让妙人儿为你下凡,她使你从地狱到天堂!你不了解当她的爱人的滋味,不了解那种爱的永恒。
So if I asked you about art you’d probably give me the skinny on every art book ever written...Michelangelo? You know a lot about him. Life's work,political aspirations, him and the pope, sexual orientation, the whole works, right? But I bet you can't tell me what it smells like in the Sistine Chapel. You've never actually stood there and looked up at that beautiful ceiling.Seen that.....If I asked you about women you'd probably give me a syllabus of your personal favorites. You may have even been laid a few times. But you can't tell me what it feels like to wake up next to a woman and feel truly happy. You're a tough kid. I ask you about war, and you'd probably--uh--throw Shakespeare at me, right? "Once more into the breach, dear friends." But you've never been near one. You've never held your best friend's head in your lap and watched him gasp his last breath, looking to you for help.And if I asked you about love y'probably quote me a sonnet. But you've never looked at a woman and been totally vulnerable. Known someone could level you with her eyes. Feeling like! God put an angel on earth just for you...who could rescue you from the depths of hell. And you wouldn't know what it’s like to be her angel and to have that love for her to be there forever.