名画欣赏《清明上河图》(zt)

名画欣赏《清明上河图》(zt)  BY Li Li

于 2006-06-26 17:53:56 Chinese Famous Painting Appreciate    清明上河图 清明上河图     《清明上河图》卷，北宋，张择端作，绢本，淡设色，纵24.8cm，横528cm。     《清明上河图》描绘的是清明时节北宋都城汴京（今河南开封）东角子门内外和汴河两岸的繁华热闹景象。 全画可分为三段：     首段写市郊景色，茅檐低伏，阡陌纵横，其间人物往来。     中段以“上土桥”为中心，另画汴河及两岸风光。中间那座规模宏敞、状如飞虹的木结构桥梁，概称“虹桥”，正名“上土桥”，为水陆交通的汇合点。桥上车马来往如梭，商贩密集，行人熙攘。桥下一艘漕船正放倒桅杆欲穿过桥孔，梢工们的紧张工作吸引了许多群众围观。     后段描写的是市区街道，城内商店鳞次栉比，大店门首还札结着彩楼欢门，小店铺只是一个敞棚。此外还有公廨寺观等。街上行人摩肩接踵，车马轿驼络绎不绝。行人中有绅士、官吏、仆役、贩夫、走卒、车轿夫、作坊工人、说书艺人、理发匠、医生、看相算命者、贵家妇女、行脚僧人、顽皮儿童，甚至还有乞丐。他们的身份不同，衣冠各异，同在街上，而忙闲不一，苦乐不均。城中交通运载工具，有轿子、驼队、牛、马、驴车、人力车等。 车辆有串车、太平车、平头车等诸种，再现了汴京城街市的繁荣景象。高大的城门楼名东角子门，位于汴京内城东南。     全卷画面内容丰富生动，集中概括地再现了12世纪北宋全盛时期都城汴京的生活面貌。     此画用笔兼工带写，设色淡雅，不同一般的界画，即所谓“别成家数”。构图采用鸟瞰式全景法，真实而又集中概括地描绘了当时汴京东南城角这一典型的区域。作者用传统的手卷形式，采取“散点透视法”组织画面。画面长而不冗，繁而不乱，严密紧凑，如一气呵成。画中所摄取的景物，大至寂静的原野，浩瀚的河流，高耸的城郭；小到舟车里的人物，摊贩上的陈设货物，市招上的文字，丝毫不失。在多达500余人物的画面中，穿插着各种情节，组织得有条不紊，同时又具有情趣。     后幅有金张著、明吴宽等13家题记，钤96方印。     《清河书画舫》、《庚子消夏记》、《式古堂书画记》等书著录。 Qingming Shang He Tu depicts the flourishing and bustling scenes along the Bian River and around the East Corner Gate of Bianjing, the capital of the Northern Song dynasty. The painting briefly re-creates the life in the Northern Song capital Bianjing in the 12th century, the most prosperous period of the dynasty. With fine and freehand brushworks and light and elegant colors, Qingming Shang He Tu is different from most architectural paintings. It realistically gives a bird's eye view of the southeastern corner of Bianjing, a typical urban area in the Northern Song dynasty, by adopting the traditional forms and methods like handscroll and "scattered-focus perspectives". Long but not lengthy, complicated but not disorderly, the close-knit painting seems to be drawn at once and its details form a coherent whole. The painting objects, no matter they are grand scenes like open country, broad river and high city walls or small details like figures in boat or carriage, goods on vendor's stand and characters on shop's sign, are elaborately delineated. The monumental painting with over 500 figures is interspersed with numerous orderly and interesting plots. Behind the scroll are affixed with 96 seals and inscribed with colophons of 13 persons including Zhang Zhu of the Jin dynasty and Wu Kuan of the Ming dynasty. The painting is recorded in books like Qinghe Shuhua Fang, Gengzi Xiaoxia Ji and Shigu Tang Shuhua Ji.

[lili~]

每看一次,都会被这美丽超凡的画卷惊叹折服一次.
让人叹为观止,流连忘返的清明上河图~~!