Benzylchloroformate,alsoknownasbenzylchlorocarbonateorZ-chloride,isthebenzylesterofchloroformicacid.Itcanbealsodescribedasthechlorideofthebenzyloxycarbonyl(CbzorZ)group.Initspureformitisawater-sensitiveoilycolorlessliquid,althoughimpuresamplesusuallyappearyellow.Itpossessesacharacteristicpungentodoranddegradesincontactwithwater.ThecompoundwasfirstpreparedbyLeonidasZervasintheearly1930swhouseditfor...[
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Urea-hydrogenperoxideisanon-toxic,odorlesscrystallinesolid.Thisadduct,whichcontains35%ofH2O2,setsthehydrogenperoxidefreeduringitsapplication.Urea-hydrogenperoxideinthepresenceofacatalyticamountofmagnesiumbromideefficientlyoxidizesprimaryandsecondarybenzylicalcoholsintothecorrespondingaromaticaldehydesandketones.[
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o-Iodoxybenzoicacid(IBX)wasfoundtobehighlyeffectiveinoxidationsadjacenttocarbonylandbenzylicfunctionalitiestoformeitherα,β-unsaturatedcarbonylcompoundsorconjugatedaromaticcarbonylsystems.Fine-tuningofthereactionconditionsallowedremarkablyselectivetransformationswithinmultifunctionalsubstrates.[
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Theuseof2-(phenylsulfonyl)-3-phenyloxaziridine(Davisreagent)orsimilaroxaziridinereagentsenablesanoxidationofenolatesgeneratedinsitufromketonesoresterstoprovideα-hydroxylatedcompounds.MechanismoftheDavisOxidationThetransferofoxygenfromN-sulfonyloxaziridinestonucleophileshappensinaSN2mechanism,inwhichtheenolateanionasnucleophileattackstheoxaziridineoxygenatomtogiveahemiaminalintermediate.[
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TheKharasch–Sosnovskyreactionisamethodthatinvolvesusingacopperorcobaltsaltasacatalysttooxidizeolefinsattheallylicposition,subsequentlycondensingaperoxyester(e.g.tert-Butylperoxybenzoate)oraperoxideresultingintheformationofallylicbenzoatesoralcoholsviaradicaloxidation.[1]Thismethodisnoteworthyforbeingthefirstallylicfunctionalizationtoutilizefirst-rowtransitionmetalsandhasfoundnumerousapplicat...[
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Dimethyldioxirane(DMDO)istheorganiccompoundwiththeformula(CH3)2CO2.[1]Itisthedioxiranederivedfromacetoneandcanbeviewedasthemonomerofacetoneperoxide.Itisapowerfulselectiveoxidizingagentthatfindssomeuseinorganicsynthesis.Itisknownonlyintheformofadilutesolution,usuallyinacetone,andhencethepropertiesofthepurematerialarelargelyunknown.[2]DMDOisnotcommerciallyavailablebecauseofchemicalinstability.DMDOca...[
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Carbodiimide(DCC,DIC,EDCHCl)
Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide(DCC)anddiisopropylcarbodiimide(DIC)arecommonlyusedtoprepareamides,estersandacidanhydridesfromcarboxylicacids.Thesereagentscanalsoconvertprimaryamidestonitriles,whichcanbeusefulinorganicsynthesisbutisatroublesomesidereactionofasparagineandglutamineresiduesinpeptidesynthesis.Dicyclohexylurea,thebyproductformedfromDCC,isnearlyinsolubleinmostorg...[
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DMF是有机合成中使用最广泛的溶剂之一，又称为万能溶剂。NaH是有机合成中非常常用的强碱之一，和它搭配最多的溶剂是DMF和四氢呋喃。由于有时涉及到溶解度的原因，NaH和DMF搭配使用的几率还是很大的。因为NaH中的H是活泼H负离子，还原性非常强，一旦遇到能够游离的氢离子就容易产生氢气，很容易造成爆炸。此外，NaH与氧化剂也能发生剧烈反应，引起燃烧或爆炸。因为NaH遇[
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Weinreb（温勒伯）酰胺(WAs)是N-甲氧基-N-甲基酰胺。Weinreb酰胺（WAs）主要体现出以下四个优点:(1)制备简便.WAs可以通过羧酸或酯原位活化得到;(2)可成功转化为酮.特别是在全合成中：(3)可放大反应;(4)WAs稳定且易贮藏.合成应用Weinreb酰胺在合成上的应用是非常广泛的.该中间体在低温下稳定，故需要低温下反应。一：成醛酮醇的反应金属有机试剂（如格式试剂）还是金属氢化物（铝锂[
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