2.WholenessCloseattentiontotheminutaeofthetext,especiallywithaviewtosourceanalysis,runsthedangerofobscuringtheproverbialforestforthetrees.TheTorahhasremarkablewholeness,aunityindiversity,thatmustbenotedbeforewedigintothetexts.Keepingthiswholenessinmindmayservetokeepourclosereadingsinperspective.
TheTorahachievesunityinanumberofways.Thestoryhasaconsistentunityofactionasitmovesinlinearfashionfro...[阅读全文]
得窥天境
得窥天境，须看透红尘万丈；人神相通，只凭借灵犀一缕。信靠耶稣，此外路路是绝望；坚定不移，万里迢迢聚天堂。
博文
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TableDSourceAnalysis:RevisionsandAlternativesMartinNothMartinNothpioneeredanewwayofunderstandingthecompositionanddevelopmentofthePentateuchcalledtraditionhistory.InsteadofviewingthePentateuchascomposedoffourwrittensources,NotharguedthatblocksofmaterialdevelopedaroundthekeyhistoricalexperiencesoftheearlyIsraelites.HismajorworkonthePentateuchisentitledAHistoryofPentateuchalTraditions(1948).Theorieso...[阅读全文]
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C.CritiqueTheoriesofpentateuchalsourcescontinuetoberevisedinmodernscholarship,withmyriadrefinementsandcounterproposals.Somescholarsrejectsourceanalysisentirely,arguingthatitcompromisestheliteraryintegrityofthePentateuch.StillotherschallengecriticalanalysisbecauseitisperceivedtobeinconsistentwithatheoryofinspirationandaviewthatGodspokethroughMosestodelivertheTorah.Itisfairtosaythefieldofpentateucha...[阅读全文]
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TableCPriestlyDocumentStoryLine.ThePriestlywritercontributedagreatdealofmaterialtothePentateuch.Priestlymaterialisfoundthroughoutthefirstfourbooks,fromtheprimevalstoryofGenesistothebookofNumbers.
PriestswhosurvivedthedestructionofJerusalemin587B.C.E.wereconcernedthatthestoryofGodandhispeoplenotdisappear.Theyalsowantedtopreserveandevenrevivetraditionalreligiouspractices.Theyfeltthatneglectofsuc...[阅读全文]
PriestswhosurvivedthedestructionofJerusalemin587B.C.E.wereconcernedthatthestoryofGodandhispeoplenotdisappear.Theyalsowantedtopreserveandevenrevivetraditionalreligiouspractices.Theyfeltthatneglectofsuc...[阅读全文]
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5.PriestlyDocument(P)ThePriestlydocumentisthelastofthegreatpentateuchaldocuments.ItcomesoutofthecircleofpriestswhoreassembledIsrael,theologicallyspeaking,afterthetragedyoftheBabylonianexile.JudahhadbeenconqueredbytheBabyloniansinthesixthcenturyB.C.E.andmanysurvivorsofthedisasterweretakentoBabyloniaasrefugees.Thetraumaofthisexilepromptedthesurvivorstoconcludethatthetragedyhappenedbecausetheyhadfors...[阅读全文]
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4.Deuteronomy(D)ThebookofDeuteronomyfollowstheYahwist,Elohist,andJEsourcesincompositionorder.Itdifferssignificantlyinthatitwasnotcombinedwiththosesourcesintoalargerwork.WhiletheYahwist,Elohist,andPriestlysourceswerecombinedtogethertocreateGenesis,Exodus,Leviticus,andNumbers,thebookofDeuteronomystandsapartfromthesefourbooks.Itdoes,however,continuethestorylineoftheprecedingbooksandprovidestheconclus...[阅读全文]
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3.CombinedYahwist-ElohistNarrative(JE)TheElohistsourceeventuallyfounditswaysouthtoJudah,whereitmergedwiththeYahwistsource.Itisunderstandablethatthetwosourceswouldbejoinedtogether.Bothhadthesamebasicscope,thoughtheElohistdidnothaveanypre-ancestralstories,andtheYahwistandElohistsourcessharedthefundamentalconvictionthatYahwehistheGodofalltheIsraelitesandthathemustbeworshippedbyhispeople.
Thejoini...[阅读全文]
Thejoini...[阅读全文]
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TableBElohistTextsStoryLine.TheElohistsourceisthemostdifficultsourcetohandle.ItiscertainlymorefragmentarythantheYahwistsource,probablybecausewhereitduplicatedtheYahwistsourceitsversionwasdropped.ItwasperhapsdesignedtobeacorrectivesupplementtotheYahwistsource.Inanycase,thereismorecontroversyabouttheElohistthanaboutanyothersourceinthePentateuch.Somescholarsdisputethatiteverexisted.Theysuggestthatthe...[阅读全文]
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2.ElohistTexts(E)SamariaSamariawasthelastcapitalofthenorthernkingdom,anditsdominanttribewasEphraim.ThesebuildingremainsdatetothetimeofthekingdomofIsraelintheninthcenturyB.C.E.PhotobyBarryBandstraTheElohistsourcewaswrittenaftertheYahwistsourceandcomesoutoftheNorthernKingdomintheninthoreighthcenturyB.C.E.TheElohistsourcegetsitsnamefromitsuseoftheHebrewwordelohimtorefertoGod.Elohimisthegeneralwordfor...[阅读全文]
