U.S. Under Secretary of State Victoria Nuland attends a news briefing, amid Russia's attack on Ukraine, in Kyiv, Ukraine January 31, 2024. REUTERS/Gleb Garanich/File Photo Purchase Licensing Rights
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乌克兰坚定支持者美国外交官努兰辞职
路透社 2024 年 3 月 5 日
路透华盛顿3月5日 - 美国三号外交官维多利亚·纽兰（Victoria Nuland）将在未来几周内辞去负责政治事务的副国务卿一职，她以坚定支持乌克兰与俄罗斯的战争而闻名。
布林肯在书面声明中表示：外交官和外交政策专业的学生将在未来几年研究托里亚在乌克兰问题上的领导力。他暗指纽兰对乌克兰的支持，特别是自俄罗斯 2022 年入侵以来。
布林肯补充道：“她的努力对于对抗（俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔）普京对乌克兰的全面入侵、组建全球联盟以确保其战略失败至关重要。”
资深俄罗斯鹰派人士维多利亚·纽兰 (Victoria Nuland) 将离开国务院
https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/05/us/politics/victoria-nuland-state-department.html
一位态度强硬、坚定支持乌克兰的外交官将辞去外交部四号人物的职务。
国务院负责政治事务的副国务卿维多利亚·纽兰 (Victoria Nuland) 将于 2021 年在参议院外交关系委员会作证。
迈克尔·克劳利 作者：迈克尔·克劳利 2024 年 3 月 5 日更新 2024 年 3 月 7 日
维多利亚·J·纽兰 (Victoria J. Nuland) 是国务院四号官员，也是对弗拉基米尔·V·普京 (Vladimir V. Putin) 领导下的俄罗斯采取强硬政策的坚定倡导者，在为政府服务了 30 多年后，她将于本月退休。
国务卿安东尼·布林肯周二在一份声明中宣布纽兰女士辞去负责政治事务的副国务卿一职，并指出她对自由、民主和人权以及美国在海外推动这些事业的“强烈热情”。
布林肯特别提到了她在乌克兰问题上的工作，他称这些工作“对于对抗普京对该国的全面入侵来说是不可或缺的”。
纽兰女士曾担任国务院多项职务，包括发言人，并曾担任副总统迪克·切尼的副国家安全顾问。 但她作为一名俄罗斯专家而闻名，长期以来一直主张对普京的领土野心和外国政治影响力进行强烈抵制。
在奥巴马政府期间，作为国务院俄罗斯高级官员，她主张用反坦克导弹武装乌克兰，但没有成功；而在拜登政府期间，她一直是向乌克兰提供更多、更好的美国武器的最大支持者之一。
作为一名熟练的官僚运作者，她以敏锐的智慧和直率的方式表达自己的论点，让同事们既钦佩又害怕。 “她总是说出自己的想法，”布林肯在声明中温和地指出。
2014年，她在一次有关乌克兰政治的电话中对欧盟说了脏话，该电话被录音并泄露，美国官员认为这是俄罗斯干的，因此她变得更广为人知。
在拜登执政期间，纽兰女士成为美国支持乌克兰的怀疑论者的避雷针。"没有人比纽兰更能推动这场战争，”特斯拉联合创始人埃隆·马斯克去年二月在社交媒体网站 X 上写道。
她在莫斯科被辱骂为华盛顿建制派的化身，认为华盛顿建制派密谋破坏俄罗斯，甚至推翻普京。 俄罗斯官员和媒体不断回忆起时任美国负责欧洲和欧亚事务的助理国务卿努兰女士2014年初向基辅中心广场的抗议者分发食物的方式，抗议者最终推翻了克里姆林宫支持的乌克兰领导人。
俄罗斯外交部长谢尔盖·V·拉夫罗夫(Sergey V. Lavrov)去年表示，“2014年，乌克兰副国务卿维多利亚·纽兰(Victoria Nuland)向恐怖分子分发饼干后，发生了一场针对政府的政变”。 （纽兰女士说她分发的是三明治，而不是饼干。）
克里姆林宫支持的英语新闻网站 RT 将纽兰女士的离职视为重大新闻，该网站的主页上挂着红色横幅，标题为“纽兰退出”。
RT 援引俄罗斯外交部发言人玛丽亚·扎哈罗娃 (Maria Zakharova) 的话报道，将努兰女士的离职归咎于“拜登政府反俄方针的失败”。 她指责说，“维多利亚·纽兰提出的恐俄症作为美国主要外交政策概念，正像一块石头一样把民主党拖入谷底。”
在温迪·谢尔曼（Wendy Sherman）退休后，纽兰在过去一年的大部分时间里都兼任代理副国务卿，温迪·谢尔曼在拜登政府的头两年半担任这一职务。
她被认为是全职接替谢尔曼女士的自然人选。 但布林肯任命了前国家安全委员会亚洲事务高级官员库尔特·坎贝尔(Kurt Campbell)担任这一职务。 坎贝尔先生于 2 月 6 日获得参议院批准。
布林肯表示，该部门主管管理事务的副部长约翰·巴斯将代理纽兰女士的职责，直到确定继任者为止。
一些分析人士将坎贝尔的选择解读为，拜登总统和布林肯认为，处理好美中关系是他们的首要任务，尽管俄罗斯入侵乌克兰已经消耗了拜登外交政策的大部分时间。
纽兰女士上个月公开谈论了乌克兰的未来，她在这个国家投入了数百个小时的生命。
"如果普京在乌克兰获胜，他不会就此止步，世界各地的独裁者都会有勇气通过武力改变现状，" 她在华盛顿战略与国际研究中心的讲话中警告说。
普京先生“认为他可以等待我们所有人，”她说, "我们需要证明他是错的。”
已作出更正
2024 年 3 月 7 日：
本文的早期版本错误地描述了维多利亚·J·纽兰 (Victoria J. Nuland) 在国务院的职位。 她是其第四号官员和第三号外交官。
我们如何处理更正
迈克尔·克劳利为《泰晤士报》报道国务院和美国外交政策。 他曾在近三打国家进行报道，并经常与国务卿一起出访。 关于迈克尔·克劳利的更多信息
Victoria Nuland, Veteran Russia Hawk, to Leave the State Department
https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/05/us/politics/victoria-nuland-state-department.html
A hard-charging diplomat and determined advocate of supporting Ukraine will step down from the department’s No. 4 post.
Victoria Nuland, the State Department’s under secretary for political affairs, testifying before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee in 2021.
Victoria J. Nuland, the fourth-ranking official at the State Department and a determined advocate of tough policies toward Vladimir V. Putin’s Russia, will retire this month after more than 30 years of government service.
Secretary of State Antony J. Blinken announced Ms. Nuland’s departure from the post of under secretary for political affairs on Tuesday in a statement noting her “fierce passion” for freedom, democracy and human rights, and America’s promotion of those causes abroad.
Mr. Blinken singled out her work on Ukraine, which he called “indispensable to confronting Putin’s full-scale invasion” of the country.
Ms. Nuland held numerous State Department positions, including spokeswoman, and once served as deputy national security adviser to Vice President Dick Cheney. But she made her mark as a Russia specialist who long argued for marshaling strong resistance to Mr. Putin’s territorial ambitions and foreign political influence.
As the State Department’s top Russia official during the Obama administration, she argued unsuccessfully for arming Ukraine with antitank missiles, and during the Biden administration has been among the biggest proponents of sending Ukraine more and better U.S. weapons.
A skilled bureaucratic operator, she delivered her arguments with sharp wit and a bluntness that drew a mixture of admiration and fear from colleagues. “She always speaks her mind,” Mr. Blinken’s statement gently noted.
She became more widely known in 2014 after referring with an expletive to the European Union in a phone call about Ukrainian politics that was recorded and leaked, in what U.S. officials believe was the work of Russia.
During the Biden administration, Ms. Nuland became a lightning rod for skeptics of U.S. support for Ukraine. “Nobody is pushing this war more than Nuland,” the Tesla co-founder Elon Musk wrote on the social media site X last February.
She was reviled in Moscow as an avatar of a Washington establishment that was seen as conspiring to undermine Russia and even overthrow Mr. Putin. Russian officials and media outlets constantly recall the way Ms. Nuland, then the U.S. assistant secretary for European and Eurasian affairs, distributed food to protesters in Kyiv’s central square in early 2014 who eventually toppled Ukraine’s Kremlin-backed leader.
“A coup against the government happened in Ukraine in 2014 after under secretary of state Victoria Nuland handed out cookies to terrorists,” the Russian foreign minister, Sergey V. Lavrov, said last year. (Ms. Nuland has said she passed out sandwiches, not cookies.)
Ms. Nuland’s departure was treated as major news by the Kremlin-backed, English-language news site RT, which featured a red banner across its home page and the headline “NULAND QUITS.”
RT quoted Russia’s foreign ministry spokeswoman, Maria Zakharova, as attributing Ms. Nuland’s departure to “the failure of the anti-Russian course of the Biden administration.” She charged that “Russophobia, proposed by Victoria Nuland as the main foreign policy concept of the United States, is dragging the Democrats to the bottom like a stone.”
Ms. Nuland spent much of the past year doubling as the acting deputy secretary of state following the retirement of Wendy Sherman, who had held the job for the first two and a half years of the Biden administration.
She had been considered a natural candidate to replace Ms. Sherman on a full-time basis. But Mr. Blinken tapped Kurt Campbell, previously the top National Security Council official for Asia, for the post. Mr. Campbell was confirmed by the Senate on Feb. 6.
Mr. Blinken said the department’s under secretary for management, John Bass, would assume Ms. Nuland’s duties on an acting basis until a replacement was confirmed.
Some analysts interpreted the choice of Mr. Campbell as a sign that President Biden and Mr. Blinken consider managing America’s relationship with China to be their top priority, despite the way Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has consumed much of Mr. Biden’s foreign policy.
Ms. Nuland spoke publicly last month about the future of Ukraine, the country in which she had invested many hundreds of hours of her life.
“If Putin wins in Ukraine, he will not stop there, and autocrats everywhere will feel emboldened to change the status quo by force,” she warned in remarks at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington.
Mr. Putin “thinks he can wait out all of us,” she said. “We need to prove him wrong.”
A correction was made on
March 7, 2024:
An earlier version of this article misstated Victoria J. Nuland’s rank at the State Department. She is its fourth-ranking official and third-ranking diplomat.
How we handle corrections
Michael Crowley covers the State Department and U.S. foreign policy for The Times. He has reported from nearly three dozen countries and often travels with the secretary of state. More about Michael Crowley
US diplomat Nuland, strong supporter of Ukraine, to step down
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