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土著民族越自治，他们就越成功
https://www.hks.harvard.edu/faculty-research/policycast/more-indigenous-nations-self-govern-more-they-succeed
乔·卡尔特教授和主任梅根·米诺卡·希尔讨论了 HKS 如何加大对哈佛项目的支持，该项目帮助部落国家通过加强自治来实现经济成功。
由约瑟夫·卡尔特和梅根·米诺卡·希尔主演
2023 年 6 月 8 日
哈佛大学肯尼迪学院教授约瑟夫·卡尔特和高级主任梅根·米诺卡·希尔表示，证据在于：当土著民族自行决定采取何种发展方式时，研究表明他们的表现始终优于美国印第安事务部等外部决策者。 卡尔特和希尔表示，这就是哈佛大学全力以赴的原因，最近将“美洲印第安人经济发展项目”更名为“土著治理与发展项目”——将治理问题推到了最前沿——并宣布注入数百万美元的资金 。
当该项目于 20 世纪 80 年代中期启动时，美国原住民对生活的普遍看法（主要基于现实）是贫困和功能失调。 但这也是联邦政府赋予部落更多自治权并越来越多地开始自治的时期。 研究人员还注意到意想不到的部落经济成功故事开始涌现，他们开始尝试确定这些成功是因果关系还是巧合的结果。 卡尔特和希尔表示，研究表明，获得权力的部落国家不仅自身在经济上取得成功，而且还成为周边地区的经济引擎。 最近宣布为该计划提供 1500 万美元的新支持，其中包括一个教授职位，这将有助于使支持部落自治成为肯尼迪学院使命的永久组成部分。
剧集注释：
约瑟夫·P·卡尔特 (Joseph P. Kalt) 是哈佛大学肯尼迪学院福特基金会国际政治经济学教授，也是原住民治理与发展项目（前身为哈佛美洲印第安人经济发展项目）的主任。 他撰写了大量关于印第安地区经济发展和国家建设的研究报告，也是哈佛项目《原住民国家状况》的主要作者。 该项目与亚利桑那大学原住民领导力、管理和政策研究所一起，成立了原住民建设伙伴关系。 自 2005 年以来，卡尔特一直担任亚利桑那大学埃勒管理学院的客座教授，同时也是原住民国家研究所国家建设项目的教席主席。 卡尔特曾担任加拿大皇家原住民委员会顾问、总统航空安全委员会委员以及国家公园管理局 21 世纪国家公园指导委员会委员。 他出生于亚利桑那州图森市，在加州大学洛杉矶分校获得经济学博士和硕士学位，在斯坦福大学获得经济学学士学位。
梅根·米诺卡·希尔 (Megan Minoka Hill) 是哈佛大学肯尼迪学院原住民治理与发展项目的高级主任兼荣誉国家项目主任。 荣誉国家是一项国家奖励计划，旨在表彰、庆祝和分享部落治理的杰出范例。 该奖项设立于 1998 年，重点关注在解决 570 多个印度民族及其公民面临的关键问题和挑战方面特别有效的部落政府计划和举措。 希尔是原住民治理中心的董事会成员，是皮博迪博物馆 NAGPRA 咨询委员会的成员，也是美国艺术与科学学院重新构想我们的经济委员会的成员。 希尔毕业于芝加哥大学，获得社会科学文学硕士学位，并获得科罗拉多大学博尔德分校国际事务和经济学文学学士学位。
HKS 公共事务和传播办公室的拉尔夫·拉纳利 (Ralph Ranalli) 是 HKS PolicyCast 的主持人、制作人和编辑。 他曾是一名记者、公共电视制片人和企业家，拥有加州大学洛杉矶分校政治学学士学位和哥伦比亚大学新闻学硕士学位。
PolicyCast 的联合制片人是苏珊·休斯 (Susan Hughes)。 Lydia Rosenberg、Delane Meadows 和 OCPA 设计团队提供设计和图形支持。 社交媒体推广和支持由 Natalie Montaner 和 OCPA 数字团队提供。
The more Indigenous nations self govern, the more they succeed
Professor Joe Kalt and director Megan Minoka Hill discuss how HKS is ramping up support for the Harvard program that helps tribal nations achieve economic success through increased self governance.
FEATURING JOSEPH KALT AND MEGAN MINOKA HILL
JUNE 8, 2023
Harvard Kennedy School Professor Joseph Kalt and Senior Director Megan Minoka Hill say the evidence is in: When Native nations make their own decisions about what development approaches to take, studies show they consistently out-perform external decision makers like the U.S. Department of Indian Affairs. Kalt and Hill say that’s why Harvard is going all in, recently changing the name of the Project on American Indian Economic Development to the Project on Indigenous Governance and Development—pushing the issue of governance to the forefront—and announcing an infusion of millions in funding.
When the project launched in the mid-1980s, the popular perception of life in America’s Indigenous nations—based largely in reality—was one of poverty and dysfunction. But it was also a time when tribes were being granted more autonomy from the federal government and were increasingly starting to govern themselves. Researchers also noticed unexpected tribal economic success stories starting to spring up, and they set about trying to determine if those successes were a result of causation or coincidence. Kalt and Hill say the research has shown that empowered tribal nations not only succeed economically themselves, they also become economic engines for the regions that surround them. The recent announcement of $15 million in new support for the program, including an endowed professorship, will help make supporting tribal self-government a permanent part of the Kennedy School’s mission.
EPISODE NOTES:
Joseph P. Kalt is the Ford Foundation Professor of International Political Economy at Harvard Kennedy School and director of the Project on Indigenous Governance and Development, formerly the Harvard Project on American Indian Economic Development. He is the author of numerous studies on economic development and nation building in Indian Country and a principal author of the Harvard Project's The State of the Native Nations. Together with the University of Arizona's Native Nations Institute for Leadership, Management, and Policy, the Project has formed The Partnership for Native Nation Building. Since 2005, Kalt has been a visiting professor at The University of Arizona's Eller College of Management and is also faculty chair for nation building programs at the Native Nations Institute. Kalt has served as advisor to Canada's Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples, a commissioner on the President's Commission on Aviation Safety, and on the Steering Committee of the National Park Service's National Parks for the 21st Century. A native of Tucson, Arizona, he earned his PhD and MA in Economics from the University of California at Los Angeles, and his BA in Economics from Stanford University.
Megan Minoka Hill is senior director of the Project on Indigenous Governance and Development and director of the Honoring Nations program at the Harvard Kennedy School. Honoring Nations is a national awards program that identifies, celebrates, and shares outstanding examples of tribal governance. Founded in 1998, the awards program spotlights tribal government programs and initiatives that are especially effective in addressing critical concerns and challenges facing the more than 570 Indian nations and their citizens. Hill serves on the board of the Native Governance Center, is a member of the NAGPRA Advisory Committee for the Peabody Museum, and is a member of the Reimagining our Economy Commission at the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Hill graduated from the University of Chicago with a Master of Arts Degree in the Social Sciences and earned a Bachelor of Arts in International Affairs and Economics from the University of Colorado Boulder.
Ralph Ranalli of the HKS Office of Public Affairs and Communications is the host, producer, and editor of HKS PolicyCast. A former journalist, public television producer, and entrepreneur, he holds an AB in Political Science from UCLA and an MS in Journalism from Columbia University.
The co-producer of PolicyCast is Susan Hughes. Design and graphics support is provided by Lydia Rosenberg, Delane Meadows, and the OCPA Design Team. Social media promotion and support is provided by Natalie Montaner and the OCPA Digital Team.
