点评:毛泽东的奇迹
(1)
中国五千年历史中,从一介布衣发迹成为国家最高统治者的,只有三位,他们是:大汉帝国的创始人刘邦,大明帝国的创始人朱元璋,中华人民共和国的创始人毛泽东。从一无所有的布衣,成为统领天下的最高统治者,这不管从哪个意义上来讲,都是一个奇迹。这样的奇迹在中国五千的历史中只发生过三次,平均一千多年才出现一次,可以说更是奇迹中的奇迹。
为什么毛泽东能够成就这样的奇迹?有四大因素造就了他。这四大因素是:时代因素、性格因素,智慧因素和运气因素。
首先是时代因素。常言道“乱世出英雄”,上述三位幸运者从布衣到最高统治,都是处于乱世。如果毛泽东生在当今的和平环境,他这样只有大专文凭的人,也就最多当个中学教员。所以要想当英雄,以及有能力成为英雄的人,不幸生在了和平时代,除了感叹“生不逢时”之外,没有别的办法。
从这点来看,毛泽东幸运地“生逢其时”。当然“生逢其时”人也很多,为什么成功者会是毛泽东呢?这就不能不谈到毛泽东的性格因素。
刘邦、朱元璋和毛泽东,有一个共同的性格特点,就是“天不怕、地不怕,什么都不怕”,他们都是土生土长于这片古老的土地,身上带着淳朴的乡土气质,赤手空拳打出了自己的天下。他们没有伟大的祖先,不必担心损害先祖的盛名;他们没有读过多少书,没有先哲圣人的思想束缚。早在学生时代,少年毛泽东就写下:“天不要怕,鬼不要怕,死人不要怕,官僚不要怕,军阀不要怕,资本家不要怕”的豪言壮语。在这个世界上,毛泽东什么都不怕!这就是他成功的性格因素。
凡是成就大事业的人,都可以用“有勇有谋”四个字来表述,毛泽东也不例外。他既有过人的胆量,也有过人的智慧。不少人把“智慧”理解为知识的多少,考试的成绩,这就大错特错了。所谓智慧,对于科学家来说,是“认识自然,改造自然”的能力;对于政治家来说,就是“认识社会,改造社会”的能力。
(2)
毛泽东的智慧,首先体现他有过人的认识社会的能力,正确地认识到中国社会的特点,并在这个基础上提出“农村包围城市”的思想,经过二十二年的奋斗,终于带领共产党打下了中国大陆的天下。不少人对毛泽东的“农村包围城市”思想不屑一顾,认为这并没什么了不起。其实不然,当时共产党内的主流是“大城市暴动起义”,基本上没有人赞成毛泽东的“农村包围城市”。之所以会这样,是因为按照“正常思维”来思考的话,“大城市起义”比“农村包围城市”合理得多,也现实得多。
农村包围城市的主张,第一大问题是时间问题。农村包围城市是一个“星火燎原”的缓慢过程,要夺取全国政权需要几十年的努力奋斗,事实上毛泽东从井冈山到天安门,奋斗了二十二年才成功。而“大城市起义”是一个立竿见影的快捷过程,只用几个月甚至几天就能夺取全国政权。绝大部分人一看“农村包围城市”需要几十年的时间,就摇头而去,因为具有把铁棒磨成针的耐性的人,实在太少了。
打个比方,你跟风险投资家说:“你给我投资吧,我让你二十年后成为亿万富翁。”恐怕没有一个投资家会光顾你;而你跟风险投资家说:“你给我投资吧,我让你两天之后成为亿万富翁。”有再大的风险,也会有投资家愿意来冒险,毕竟这个一夜之间的成功太有吸引力了。
没有人来投资,毛泽东就自己干。1927年,在上海租界的党中央总部命令毛泽东带领秋收起义的农民军去攻打大城市长沙,可是毛泽东违反上级命令,把这支农民军带上了井冈山,开始实践他“农村包围城市”的设想。毛泽东上井冈山后,几乎没有人认为毛泽东会成功,因为他们看来,井冈山是一个四面都被敌人包围的红色孤岛,在孤岛打游击有太多的难题无法解决。
第一难题是军队的吃饭怎么解决?毛泽东提出的解决方法是:打土豪分田地,用地主富农的钱粮解决吃饭问题;第二难题是武器装备怎么解决?毛泽东提出的解决方法是:敌人给我们造,用缴获敌人的武器来武装自己;第三个难题是兵员问题怎么解决?毛泽东提出的解决方法是:让老百姓知道红军是解放贫苦农民的工农子弟兵,动员贫苦农民参军来解放自己;第四个难题,也是最重要的一个难题,就是这些用土枪土炮武装起来的,类似于乌合之众的农民军,能够打败装备精良、训练有素的正规政府军吗?
![互联网医疗的“农村包围城市” - 知乎](data:image/jpeg;base64,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)
(3)
这个问题就是放到今天,绝大多数用“智慧”思考的所谓“智叟”,也会认为农民军必败,政府军必胜。在他们看来,毛泽东企图靠农民军打败政府军的想法,完全是以卵击石,是“愚公”的胡闹。但战争的事实证明,毛泽东领导的农民军,不仅打败了蒋介石的政府军,而且农民军越打越壮大,最后取得了全国的胜利。
在事实面前,那些智叟思考出来的“妙计”,全部都失败了,而毛泽东这个愚公发明的“胡闹”,反倒成功了。这时人们才佩服毛泽东对中国社会的深刻认识,以及建立在这个深刻认识之上的“农村包围城市”,是多么难能可贵的创新思维。毛泽东从一个被嘲笑的傻子,变成一位被敬仰的领袖。
毛泽东成功的最后一个因素,就是运气因素。毛泽东多次赶上千载难逢的天赐良机。第一个良机是抗战的爆发,这个大家都知道。还有一个天赐良机是苏德战争的爆发,这个知道的人似乎不多,这里多说几句。
中国共产党从成立之初,就是在共产国际和苏联领导下的一个支部,中共的最高领导人,一直来自于共产国际和苏联的授命。遵义会议后,毛泽东虽然成为中共军队的最高领导人,但他始终没得到共产国际和苏联的青睐,所以中国共产党的最高领导人一直与毛泽东无缘,而王明则仗着共产国际和苏联这个“太上皇”,成为中共的最高领导人。不过1941年爆发的苏德战争,成为毛泽东崛起的天赐良机。
在苏德战争初期,苏军大败。当时,人们普遍认为希特勒的纳粹德国必胜,斯大林的共产苏联必败。一旦苏联败了,中共怎么办?中共党内依附于苏联的“国际派”,惶惶不可终日,阵脚自乱,纷纷给自己找出路,向不依赖苏联的“山沟派”毛泽东靠拢。最初是康生投靠过来,最后连王明这个国际派的首领,也不得不投靠毛泽东,高呼“毛主席万岁”。
1941年6月苏德战争爆发后,苏联忙于战争,根本无暇顾及中国存在。毛泽东就利用这个大好时机,于1942年2月开始发起整风运动,把王明为首的国际派从党的高层清除出去。1943年共产国际宣布解散,就在同年,中共改组政治局,重新成立由毛泽东为主席的新政治局,毛泽东这才真正成为了中共的领导人。
等到1945年苏联从战争中喘过气来,再想插手中共的事务时,毛泽东已在党内牢牢站住脚跟,斯大林只好承认毛泽东这个他不喜欢的、不太听话的中共领导人。也正是因为苏联不喜欢毛泽东,毛泽东也不喜欢苏联,这就为后来的中苏交恶埋下了伏笔。
(4)
现在不少学者著书立传,大谈什么“领袖的资格”,好像一个人必须满足各种各样的前提条件,才有资格当领袖。从他们提出的条件来看,毛泽东成为领导人的“条件”实在太差了:第一,他没有领导的支持,共产国际和苏联都不喜欢毛泽东;第二,他没有文凭的光环,不要说没有陈独秀那样的洋博士学位,连大学本科的文凭都没有;第三,他没有见过世面,不仅没有出国留学过,甚至连出国勤工俭学的经历都没有;第四,他从未学过军事,按照“外行不能领导内行”的观点,毛泽东对军事绝对是外行,是没有资格指挥军队的。
毛泽东的对手蒋介石,倒是从日本军校科班出身的军事内行,而且还带着一个德国军事顾问的幕僚班子。蒋介石加德国军事顾问的班子,对军事可以说是内行中的内行了。但这个内行的军事班子,居然打不过毛泽东这个军事门外汉,这不得不被认为是一个不可思议的奇迹。
按照学者们的“领袖资格”论,永远理解不了为什么毛泽东能成为共和国的领袖。于是,各种阴谋论纷纷出笼,说毛泽东上台的原因,是他在延安整风中用各种阴险的整人手段,把政敌统统整倒之后,才登上最高权力宝座。这种说法虽说可以满足一般人的好奇心,但它却完全误导了历史的真实。
1927年毛泽东上井冈山时,身边只有数百人;而到1945年,中共发展到几十万党员,上百万军队,几千万人口的根据地,中共的力量差不多增长了一万倍。这谁领导中共取得了万倍的增长?是王明吗?刘少奇吗?朱德吗?周恩来吗?除了毛泽东,没有第二个人敢说这个巨大成绩是自己领导取得的。取得这么大的政绩,就是总统选举也会连任。所以毛泽东成为中共领导人,那是众望所归,根本不需要什么阴谋。如果那时毛泽东没有成为中共领导人,那倒是有人做了手脚,搞了阴谋。
蒋介石的失败,并不是因为他的军事学得不够好,也不是因为德国军事顾问的水平不够专业,而是因为毛泽东是一个天才,天才本来就是不需要学习的。
靠十几个人、七八条枪创建一个共和国,靠土枪土炮的游击队打败洋枪洋炮的正规军,靠一个军事门外汉打败一个军事专家组成的班子,这些在一般的凡人看来,都认为是绝对不可能实现的,除非会出现奇迹。但毛泽东硬是创造了这样的奇迹,于是那些肉眼凡胎的人,就把毛泽东奉为神明了。
毛泽东不是神,他也是人,但他不是一般的人,而是英雄。如果要问英雄和凡人的区别在哪里?那就是:凡人不相信会出现奇迹,而英雄相信会有奇迹出现,他们本身就是奇迹的创造者。(本节完)
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