大医精诚--孙思邈

大医精诚--孙思邈

【原文】凡大医治病，必当安神定志，无欲无求，先发大慈侧隐之心,誓愿普救含灵之苦。若有疾厄来求救者，不得问其责贱贫富，长幼妍媸，怨亲善友，华夷智愚，普同一等，皆如至亲之想；亦不得瞻前顾后，自虑吉凶，护惜身命。见彼苦恼，若己有之，深心凄怆，勿避艰险、昼夜、寒暑、饥渴、疲劳，一心赴救，无作功夫形迹之心，如此可为苍生大医：反此则是含灵巨贼，……其有患疮痘、下痢，臭秽不可瞻视，人所恶见者，但发惭愧凄怜忧恤之意，不得起一念蒂芥之心，是吾之志也。

【释义】凡是优秀的医生治病，一定要神志专一，心平气和，不可有其他杂念，首先要有慈悲同情之心，决心解救大众的疾苦。如果患者前来就医，不要看他的地位高低、贫富及老少美丑，是仇人还是亲人，是一般关系还是密切的朋友，是华人还是外族，是聪明的人还是愚笨的人，都应一样看待，象对待自己的亲人一样替他们着想；也不能顾虑重重、犹豫不决、考虑自身的利弊和顾惜自己的性命。见着对方因疾病而苦恼，就要象自己有病一样体贴他，发自内心对病人有同情感，不要躲避艰险，无论是白天还是黑夜，寒冷或暑热，饥渴或疲劳，要一心一意地去救治他，不要装模做样，心里另有想法，嘴里借故推托。做到这些，才可以成为大众的好医生。若与此相反，则对大众无益而有大害……有人患疮疡、泻痢，污臭不堪入目的，甚至别人都很厌恶看到的，医生必须发自内心同情、体贴病人、深感难受，不能产生一点别的念头，这就是我的心愿啊。

附录：

希波克拉底誓言——一个医生的职业道德准则

医神阿波罗、埃斯克雷彼斯及天地诸神作证，我 ——希波克拉底发誓：

我愿以自身判断力所及，遵守这一誓约。凡教给我医术的人，我应像尊敬自己的父母一样，尊敬他。作为终身尊重的对象及朋友，授给我医术的恩师一旦发生危急情况，我一定接济他。把恩师的儿女当成我希波克拉底的兄弟姐妹；如果恩师的儿女愿意从医，我一定无条件地传授，更不收取任何费用。对于我所拥有的医术，无论是能以口头表达的还是可书写的，都要传授给我的儿女，传授给恩师的儿女和发誓遵守本誓言的学生；除此三种情况外，不再传给别人。

我愿在我的判断力所及的范围内，尽我的能力，遵守为病人谋利益的道德原则，并杜绝一切堕落及害人的行为。我不得将有害的药品给予他人，也不指导他人服用有害药品，更不答应他人使用有害药物的请求。尤其不施行给妇女堕胎的手术。我志愿以纯洁与神圣的精神终身行医。因我没有治疗结石病的专长，不宜承担此项手术，有需要治疗的，我就将他介绍给治疗结石的专家。

无论到了什么地方，也无论需诊治的病人是男是女、是自由民是奴婢，对他们我一视同仁，为他们谋幸福是我惟一的目的。我要检点自己的行为举止，不做各种害人的劣行，尤其不做诱奸女病人或病人眷属的缺德事。在治病过程中，凡我所见所闻，不论与行医业务有否直接关系，凡我认为要保密的事项坚决不予泄漏。

我遵守以上誓言，目的在于让医神阿波罗、埃斯克雷彼斯及天地诸神赐给我生命与医术上的无上光荣；一旦我违背了自己的誓言，请求天地诸神给我最严厉的惩罚！

Hippocratic Oath：
I swear by Apollo Physician by Asclepius, by Health, by Panacea, and by all the gods and goddesses, making them my witnesses, that I will carry out, according to my ability and judgment, this oath and this indenture.
To hold my teacher in this art equal to my own parents; to make him partner in my livelihood; when he is in need of money to share mine with him; to consider his family as my own brothers, and to teach them this art, if they want learn it, without fee or indenture.

To impart precept, oral instruction, and all other instruction to my own son, the sons of my teacher, and to indentures pupils who have taken the physician's oath, but to nobody else.
 I will use treatment to help the sick according to my ability and judgment, but never with a view to injury and wrongdoing. Neither will I administer a poison to anybody when asked to do so, nor will I suggest such a course.

Similarly, I will not give to a woman a pessary to cause abortion. But I will keep pure and holy both my life and my art.

I will not use the knife, not even, verily, on sufferers from stone, but I will give place to such as are craftsmen therein, Into whatsoever houses I enter, I will enter to help the sick, and I will abstain from all intentional wrongdoing and harm, especially from abusing the bodies of man or woman, bond or free.
And whatsoever I shall see or hear in the course of my profession, as well as outside my profession in my intercourse with men, if it be what should not be published abroad, I will never divulge, holding such things to be holy secrets.

Now, if I carry out this oath, and break it not, may I gain forever reputation among all men for my life and for my art; but if I transgress it and forswear myself, may the opposite befall me.