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用英语打中国“拖拉机”牌

(2010-01-19 16:42:48) 下一个

 

 

所谓“拖拉机”,就是我们常说的“双升级”、“双升”,但也是实实在在的“升级”,因为是两副以上的扑克牌,有两副、3副、4副、5副、6副等等,只是规则略有差异。一副牌的“升级”,有些地方叫着“百分”,因为K10分,10也计算10分,5 就计算5分,4样花色共计100分,而两副牌的“升级”,就有200分。4人玩,两两对家,对角座位,挣分80,就算过关,方可升级。虽然中国南北各地的规则也有不用,但大同小异。现在网络中专门的“拖拉机”游戏室有很多。

 

与老外聚会时,老外们很想了解是如何玩的,虽然现代的扑克牌是西方的纸牌,但扑克牌本身就是源自中国的纸牌。扑克,Poker,有两种意思,一是指扑克牌,也叫纸牌(playingcards),另一个是指以用纸牌来玩的游戏,称为扑克游戏。下面以典型的英国“扑克牌”来介绍典型的湖北“拖拉机”,兼介绍其它国家的“扑克牌”和中国其它地区的“拖拉机”。

 

1,基本术语

 

扑克牌:cards

一副牌:deck(包含cardsbox

玩牌:play cards

4种花色:4 suits

黑桃:Spades (suit)

红桃:Hearts (suit)

方块:Diamonds (suit)

梅花:Clubs (suit)

拖拉机:tractor

玩牌手:player

拖拉机手:traktoristy

洗牌:stack cardsshuffle cardscut cards

抬牌(切牌,分牌):take halfhalf pass

牌顶:top

牌底:bottom

面朝上:face up

面朝下:face down

抓牌:draw cards

出牌:deal cards

底牌:pocket cardshole cardskitty

叫牌(叫主,定主):orderflopflip

反牌(反主,造反):reorderrefloprefliprevoltoverturn

加固(巩固,定牌):fortify

主牌(王牌,将牌):master suittrump suit

副牌:second suit

庄家:dealerhouse

庄家位主牌:master card of dealertrump card of dealer

天绝:void(比如void in spades,天绝黑桃)

单张牌:single

一对牌:a pair

一个拖拉机:a tractor suits(比如同花色的8899

一个3连拖拉机:a 3-chain tractor suits(比如同花色的778899

一个4连拖拉机:a 4-chain tractor suits(比如同花色的66778899

一个边三轮:a sidecar suits(比如同花色的A-A-K,或者A-K-K

花牌:royal cards

花牌同花顺:royal flush

大鬼(大王):big joker

小鬼(小王):little joker

AAce(爱思,尖,梭镖)

KKing(国王)

QQueen(王后)

JJack(王子)

调主:draw trumpsdraw trump suits

出副:draw second suit

跑副牌(垫牌):discard

出一圈牌:a trick

大牌:high card(比如high trump就是比较大的主牌)

小牌:low card(比如low diamond 就是比较小的方块)

杀牌(枪毙):trumpkill

压牌:overtrump(指主牌),over card(指副牌)

甩牌:throw

悔牌:regretrepent

换牌:change

摊牌:showdown

埋分:bury points

分数:points

算分:count points

加倍:double

过关:win(指高于80分)

小光:savingkeeping(指低于40分)

大光(光头):nothingzerobareheaded

跳级(升两级):skip

跳两级(升三级):skip twice

 

2,基本规则

 

1A总是最大,A大于KK大于QQ大于J,等等;对牌和拖拉机也是如此。Aces are ALWAYS high. Aces are worth more than Kings which are worth more than Queens which are worth more than Jack, and so on. The sane situation is in pairs and tractors.

2)一轮牌,只有叫牌的那一花色是主牌,其余属于副牌;从“2”开始,逐渐升级到“A”。During a round, only the suit which is ordered or flipped is trump suit and others are second suits (including 3 suits). “2” is the first grade as trump suits and “A” is the last one by upgrading step by step.

3)当手中没有别人出的副牌时,主牌可以用于杀牌而得分;主牌不分大小,永远大于副牌。While there is no second suits which someone draws in hand, trump suits can be used to trump (or kill) second suits in order to get points. Also, trump suits are always higher than second suits without counting points of trump suits.

4)单张牌需用单张主杀牌,一对牌需用一对主牌杀牌,边三轮和拖拉机也是一样的。A single card could be trumped by a single trump suit and a pairs could be trumped by a pairs of trump suits. The same situation is in a sidecar suits and a tractor suits.

5)对家合作挣分需要双方互相配合,并记住对家手中有哪些牌、没有哪些牌。It is necessary to cooperate with each other to earn points for a pairs of players, and one should remember what kinds of suits one’s cooperator has or not.

6)当对家牌大,或者杀牌时,自己手中的分数牌(510K)便可打出,以获得分数。While a player has a high card, or trumps, cooperator would draw points’ cards (such as 5, 10 and K) for points.

7)如果底牌数量错误,属于失败;对手拿到底牌,底牌的分数要加倍;如果是一对牌拿到底牌,底牌的分数要加4倍。If the number of pocket cards (which are any 8 cards put by dealer or house in each game) is wrong, the players are failed in this game. When opponents get pocket cards, the points from pocket cards would be doubled. When opponents get pocket cards using a pairs of cards, the points from pocket cards would be fourfold. How about a tractor?

8)庄家要保住自己的庄位,必须阻止对手得分;对手要想做庄,必须想办法得分。对手获得80为过关,做庄打牌;120分升一级,160分升两级,200分升三级。The dealers or houses (2 players) have to stop opponents to get points for keeping their position, but opponents (another 2 players) have to get points for replacing dealers or houses. Opponents would become dealers or houses after getting 80 points, and they would run one more high-grade if 120 points and two more high-grades if 160 points and three more high-grades if 200 points, and so on.

9)当对家出牌A,你自己也有同花色的A,可以出牌Q或者J(即信号牌),即使有K或者10(两个分牌),这样,对家就知道你有A,可以继续出分牌。When your cooperator draws A, and you have the same A in hand, you would draw Q or J (that is called the message card), even if you have the point card (such as 10 or K card) in hand, so that your cooperator would know you have A in hand and will draw his point card continually.

 

3,一些国家扑克牌的花色及名称对比

 

中国:黑桃、红桃、方块、梅花

英国:Spades (suit)Hearts (suit)Diamonds (suit)Clubs (suit)

北美:Spades (suit)Hearts (suit)Diamonds (suit)Clubs (suit)

法国:Spades (Espadas, Listy/Piky, Picas, Pik, Pikes, Piques, Spader, Spadi, Schoppen, Picche)Hearts (Cœurs, Copas, Corazones, Herz, Hjärter, Srdce, Hjarta, Harten, Cuori)Diamonds (Carreaux, Diamantes, Kára, Karo, Ouros, Ruter, Squares, Tigull, Ruiten, Quadri)Clubs (Clovers, Klöver, Kreuz, Kříže, Paus, Tréboles, Trèfles, Lauf, Klaveren, Fiori)

德国:Leaves, Grass or Green (Laub, Gras, Blau, Grün, Blatt, Zelený)Hearts (Herz)Bells (Schellen, Kule)Acorns (Eichel, Žaludy)

瑞士:Shields (Schilten)Roses (Rosen)Bells (Schellen)Acorns (Eicheln)

西班牙:Swords (Espadas)Cups (Copas)Coins (Oros)Clubs (Bastos)

意大利(拉丁):Swords (Spade / Espadas)Cups (Coppe / Copas)Coins (Denari / Oros)Clubs (Bastoni / Bastos) 

占卜(算命,Tarot):Swords/SpadesCups/HeartsPentacles, Coins, Rings,  Discs/DiamondsWands, Clubs, Batons, Staves/Clubs

 

4,中国不同地方“拖拉机”规则差异

 

1)先手抓牌:有的地方按照每个人各抓一张牌最大者,有的地方按随机抓一张牌,按照玩家的顺序数点数,最后一个是谁就是先手;抓牌的顺序(顺时针或逆时针)没有限制;

2)底牌:有的地方可以埋分,有的地方不能埋分;有的地方埋分只能有5分,有的地方埋分没有限制;对手抢到底牌时,可以加倍分数,有的地方不加倍;

3)叫牌后,自己可以定牌(加固),对家也可以定牌(加固),但有的地方不能;有的地方叫牌时,必须要有大鬼或小鬼做伴;

4)有的地方在庄家或对家不能叫牌时,便是失败,对手做庄;有的地方是从底牌中翻开第三张就是主牌;而有的地方没有这个限制,干脆重新开始;

5)边三轮(如A-A-K,或者A-K-K)出牌,杀牌时也得用边三轮,但有的地方没有这个限制,只需要一对牌加上临近的一张牌即可;

6)当自己认为其他人手中已经没有自己手中的某一花色牌时,有的地方可以甩牌,而有的地方不能;有的地方,如果甩牌错误,需要扣分,一张牌一分;

7)有的地方,逢J必须做庄打牌,不可跳过;有的地方逢510K做庄打牌,不可跳过。

8)对于有意出假牌(错牌),有的地方需要罚,有的地方干脆就认定作弊,属于失败,对手上台做庄。

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