Key Takeaway: data was collected between years 2003-2018 (long before fasting was popularized). The 414 subjects who supposedly “fasted” for 16 hours a day were much unhealthier than the 11,00 subjects who reported eating in a 12-16 hour window. (They smoked more, weighed more, etc…) In fact, 20% of the 414 subjects died over the study period. Bottom line: this study does NOT show fasting will increase your risk of heart disease.