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Encopresis 大便失禁 A. Repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places (e.g., clothing or floor) whether involuntary or intentional. 反复有意无意地将大便排泄在不应该的地方(如衣服或地上) B. At least one such event a month for at least 3 months. 至少每月发生一次,连续三个月 C. Chronological age is at least 4 years (or equivalent developmental level). 至少有四岁的年纪或相当于四岁 D. The behavior is not due exclusively to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., laxatives) or a general medical condition except through a mechanism involving constipation. 这种行为不是由于使用某些药物(如泻药)或一些全身性疾病
Enuresis (not due to a general medical condition) 遗尿(不是因为其他疾病引起) A. Repeated voiding of urine into bed or clothes (whether involuntary or intentional). 反复有意或无意地尿床或裤子 B. The behavior is clinically significant as manifested by either a frequency of twice a week for at least 3 consecutive months or the presence of clinically significant distress or impairment in social, academic (occupational), or other important areas of functioning. 这种行为达到以下临床诊断程度,即每周两次持续三个月,或因遗尿引起了学习,工作,社会交往,或其他重要功能的困难. C. Chronological age is at least 5 years (or equivalent developmental level). 至少已经五岁或相当于五岁的发育程度 The behavior is not due exclusively to the direct physiological effect of a substance (e.g., a diuretic) or a general medical condition (e.g., diabetes, spina bifida, a seizure disorder). 这种行为不是由于使用某些药物(如利尿剂)或某种疾病引起(如糖尿病,脊柱裂,或颠痫发作)
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